• 식물병연구
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.82-85
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• 2004

Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora에 의한 배추 무름병은 배추에서 가장 큰 문제가 되고 있는 병 중 하나이다. 본 연구는 칼슘비료 시비가 배추 무름병 발생에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 실시하였다 칼슘 비료 7종을 선발하여 배추 유묘에 엽면 살포한 후, 세균현탁액과 mineral oil을 4:1로 혼합하여 배추의 중앙 기부에 10 m1 관주 접종하는 mineral oil 접종법으로 접종하였다. 배추 유묘에 엽면 살포한 결과 calcium hydroxide가 다른 calcium 비료보다 무름병 방제에 효과가 높게 나타났다. 질소 비료시비는 무름병 발생을 촉진한 반면, calcium hydroxide를 수용액으로 엽면시비할 때 유묘에서뿐 아니라 포장 시험에서도 무름병 발생을 억제하였다. Calcium과 질소를 혼합 살포할 때도 calcium 단독살포와 마찬가지로 무름병 발생을 억제하였다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.255-259
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• 2007

탄산칼슘에 계면활성제를 적용 혼합하여 균일하게 분산된 액상칼슘비료를 제조하였다. 2개월간 6회에 걸쳐 최적화된 희석배율로 9종의 과채류에 엽면시비하여 미네랄 up-take 효율을 조사한 결과 칼슘함량이 대조군 대비 양배추와 감자가 각각 155%와 154%로 가장 많이 함유되어 있었으며 평균적으로 약 33% 정도 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 미네랄 증가 뿐 아니라 외형적으로 과채류가 더욱 견고하고 조직감이 증가되어 상품의 부가가치를 향상시키는 결과를 얻었다. 대조군에 비해 123%의 칼슘을 함유한 배추를 이용하여 가공된 김치 시제품의 관능검사 결과 칼슘처리군은 발효 14일에 외관, 냄새, 맛, 조직감, 전반적인 기호도 모두 가장 높은 점수를 받았다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제7권
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• pp.45-52
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• 1966

This study was carried out to determine how the water soluble, the available $P_2O_5$ and urea-N would change in the course of time, when the mixtures of calcium superphosphate and urea with lime for fertilizer which occurred in Korea and largely contained calcium carbonate were made. Three kinds of materials, i. e., calcium superphosphate, urea and lime for fertilizer were used in this study. Three kinds of mixed fertilizer, i. e., A, B and C were made up by mixing these materials to satisfy the following formula. $$1)\;Ca(H_2PO_4)_2+CaCO_3+CO(NH_2)_2{\rightarrow}$$$$Ca_2H_2(PO_4)+H_2CO_3+NH_3$$ $$2)\;Ca(H_2PO_4)_2+CaCO_3+CO(NH_2)_2{\rightarrow}$$$$Ca_3(PO_4)_2+H_2CO_3+NH_3$$ $$3)\;Ca(H_2PO_4)_2+CaCO_3+CO(NH_2)_2{\rightarrow}$$$$Ca_3(PO_4)_2+H_2CO_3+CaCO_3+NH_3$$ A,B and C were placed in desiccators respectively a six month period. During the time of storage, the water soluble, the available phosphoric acid and urea-N were measured once a month, seven times with the control measurement. The results may be summarized as follows. 1. None of A, B and C showed any change in the urea-N with the lapse of time. This fact indicated that the combination of calcium superphosphate and urea with lime for fertilizer was not unfavourable. 2. A, B and C decreased in the amount of water soluble $P_2O_5$ with the passage of time. This fact indicated that the mixing of calcium superphosphate and urea with lime for fertilizer was unfeasible. 3. The available $P_2O_5$ in any of A,B and C did not undergo a change as time went by. This fact suggested that the combination of calcium superphate and urea with lime for fertilizer was favourable.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제27권
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• pp.68-79
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• 1984

An increased population and rapidly expanding industrial development have led to enormous amounts of various domestic and industrial wastes. The proper disposal of ever-increasing wastes is a growing global problem. Land treatment is one of the rational approaches that are environmentally safe and economically practical. It has long been practised in many sites. Recycling of industrial wastes on agricultural land can provide better possible means for maintaining environmental quality and utilizing waste-resources. Even though industrial wastes are beneficial as soil amendment and fertilizer, they have some limitation on land application because of wide variability as well as physicochemical problem in their composition. A direct application of solid and liquid wastes on land is being practised in Korea and some experimental results are presented. The direct application of fermentation waste on rice resulted in a 6 percent yield increase. Another organic residue from glutamic acid fermentation is widely used not only as a direct application as a liquid fertilizer but also for a raw material of organic compound fertilizer. These wastes are much promising as sources of plant nutrients, since they have large amounts of nutrients, especially nitrogen with few toxic metals. On the other hand, fertilizers developed from inorganic industrial wastes include calcium silicate, calcium sulfate and ammonium sulfate. The calcium silicate fertilizer simply produced from slag, by-product of iron and steel manufacturing plant is one of the most successful example of the conversion of wastes to fertilizer and slag production capacity totals to over three million MT/year. About 200,000 MT of calcium silicate fertilizer is currently applied in the paddy rice every year. Calcium sulfate, a waste from the wet phosphoric acid process is to some extent used as a filler of compound fertilizers but quite large quantites are directly applied for the reclamation of tidal flat.

• 화훼연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.222-227
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• 2008

석회질 및 규산질비료가 칼라의 생육, 절화품질, 줄기 경도 및 무름병 발생에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과, 석회질비료 처리에서 잎의 생장 및 초장은 기비보다 엽면살포구에서 더욱 효과적이며, $CaCl_2$ 0.1% 처리구가 초장 111.7cm, 엽장 32.7cm, 절화장 118.6cm로 무처리 73.3cm, 23.8cm 및 79.6cm에 비해 효과적이었다. 석회질 비료가 줄기 경도에 미치는 영향은, 기비보다 엽면살포구에서 더욱 효과적이었으며, 엽면살포 처리중에서도 0.1% 처리구에서 가장 경도가 강했고 세포 및 조직이 규칙적이었다. 규산질비료처리구에서는 농용규산 $50kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$ 처리구에서 잎의 생장, 생체중, 경도 및 절화품질 등 모든 변에서 양호하게 나타났다. 석회 및 규산질비료 시용과 무름병과의 관계는 엽면살포구보다 기비처리구에서 발병율이 낮았으나 두 처리구 모두 대조구보다는 다발하여 무름병과 상관관계는 없는 것으로 생각되었다. 칼라의 생육 및 개회에는 석회질비료가 규산질비료보다 효과적이었고 적정 농도는 0.l%였다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.278-283
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• 2006

국내 배추 재배지에서 큰 문제가 되고 있는 뿌리혹병을 석회질소로 방제하는 방법을 구명하기 위하여, 고령지농업연구소의 뿌리혹병 다발포장에서 $2002{\sim}2003 $년에 걸쳐 시험을 실시하였다. 석회질소의 처리량은 배추에 대한 질소질 비료 기비량과 같은 61 kg/10a처리할 때, 33%의 발병도를 보여 대조약제인 후루설파마이드의 77%에 비해 우수한 방제 효과를 보였다. 석회질소를 배추 정식 전 5, 10, 15, 20일에 처리한 결과, 정식 5일전 처리가 48%의 발병도를 보여 후루설파마이드 분제의 67%에 비해 발병 억제 효과가 인정되었다. 석회질소와 요소비료를 이용하여 재배한 배추의 수확기 질소 흡수량은 요소가 17.8kg/10a, 석회질소가 17.6kg/10a으로 유의성이 없었다. 이와 같은 결과로 볼 때 석회질소는 질소질 비료로서 뿐만 아니라 배추뿌리혹병을 방제하기 위한 화학약제의 대용으로서 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.173-183
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• 1997

This study was conducted to develop an integrated disease management system against large patch disease. Attempts were made to estimate the effect of calcium hydroxide, silicate fertilizer and urea on the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia sotani AG2-2 and the development of large patch in vitro and in vivo and to establish the most promising combination of fertilizer, fungicide and antagonistic microbes. 1.The mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia sotani AG2-2 were completely inhibited at 2,000, 1,000 and 3,000ppm concentration by calcium hydroxide, silicate fertilizer and urea, respectively. Inhibition effect of silicate fertilizer was the highest, but that of urea was the lowest compared with other treatments. 2.Treatment of calcium hydroxide at rate of l00g /$m^2$ was the most effective, and control effect appeared from 30 days after treatment in spring, which was better in autumn than in spring. Silicate fertilizer treated at rate of l00g /$m^2$, 200g /m$^2$, in spring and 50g /$m^2$ in autumn were very effective. Urea at rate of 30g /$m^2$ was more effective than 60g /m$^2$ and 120g /m$^2$. 3.The efficacies of mepronil and toclofos-methyl, applied twice in spring and once in autumn, were 83.8% in spring, which persisted to 70% in autumn compared with untreated plot. 4.The efficacies of Trichoderma harzianum were the highest by 55% in spring, but those of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BL-3 and Peudomonas putida were the highest by 80% in autumn among other antagonists tested, when two organisms were applied twice in spring and once in autumn.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.308-312
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• 2013

The monitoring of chemical dynamic changes in controlled horticultural lands is very important for agricultural sustainability. Field monitoring was performed to evaluate the soil chemical properties of 200 controlled horticultural soil samples in Gyeongnam province every 4 years from 2000 to 2012. Soil chemical properties such as pH, amount of organic matter, available phosphate, nitrate nitrogen, and exchangeable potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sodium were analyzed. The amount of exchangeable calcium and soil pH were significantly higher in 2012 than in 2000. In 2012, the frequency distribution for values of pH, organic matter, available phosphate, and exchangeable potassium, calcium, and magnesium that were within the optimum range was 16.0%, 22.5%, 11.5%, 3.5%, 2.5%, and 5.0%, respectively. Especially, available phosphate and exchangeable calcium were excess level with portions of 76.0% and 96.5%, respectively. These results indicated that a balanced management of soil chemical properties can reduce the amount of fertilizer applied for sustainable agriculture in controlled horticultural lands.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.471-477
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• 2010

식물체 내에서 칼슘의 역할에 대하여 광범위하게 알려져 있지만, 다량원소의 흡수와 축적 및 옥살산 합성에 대한 칼슘의 영향에 대한 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구는 칼슘 결핍 또는 과잉에 따른 오이생육, 다량원소 흡수, 옥살산 합성 및 칼슘-옥살산 crystal 형성에 대하여 알아보고자 수행하였다. 칼슘의 결핍 또는 과잉조건하의 오이 생육과 다량원소의 흡수는 크게 저해되는 경향을 보였으며, 특히 마그네슘과는 정반대의 흡수패턴을 보였다. 칼슘처리의 증가는 오이 잎과 뿌리 중 옥살산 함량을 증가시켰으며, 오이 엽 중 칼슘과 옥살산과의 상관관계는 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다 (0.91, P<0.001). 칼슘-옥살산 crystal의 주요 형태는 prismatic 이었고, crystal은 칼슘 처리량이 증가함에 따라 많이 생성되었다. 또한 crystal의 주요 구성성분은 칼슘, 나트륨 및 염소로 나타났다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2016

With transient flooding followed by poor or slow drainage plant roots may become reduction conditions because the root zone was fully filled with water. This study was examined the effects of calcium treatment in the early growth stage on biochemical changes in leaves and roots of melon (Cucumis melo L.) seedlings kept under flooding condition for 72 h. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase more gradually enhanced in the roots than those of leaves of melon seedlings treated with calcium. The activities of alcohol dehydrogenase associated with alcohol fermentation under low oxygen conditions continuously increased in the leaves and roots of seedlings untreated with calcium under flooding at least 72 h but those was constant within at least 12 h in treated with calcium. These results showed that calcium supplying in the early growth stage mitigated alcohol fermentation of melon seedlings kept under flooding condition for 72 h. Activities of nitrate reductase and acid phosphatase in the leaves and roots of seedlings in treated with calcium somewhat higher than those of non-treated with calcium. The activities of sucrose phosphate synthase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase of leaves of seedlings in treated with calcium more higher than those of non-treated with calcium. These results indicated that calcium nutrition mitigate the reduction of activities of some enzymes of melon seedling kept under flooding condition for 72 h.