• 제목/요약/키워드: Calamity

검색결과 95건 처리시간 0.027초

Fatigue analysis of partly damaged RC slabs repaired with overlaid UHPFRC

  • Deng, Pengru;Kakuma, Ko;Mitamura, Hiroshi;Matsumoto, Takashi
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • 제75권1호
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    • pp.19-32
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    • 2020
  • Due to repetitive traffic loadings and environmental attacks, reinforced concrete (RC) bridge deck slabs are suffering from severe degradation, which makes structural repairing an urgency. In this study, the fatigue performance of an RC bridge deck repairing technique using ultra-high performance fiber reinforcement concrete (UHPFRC) overlay is assessed experimentally with a wheel-type loading set-up as well as analytically based on finite element method (FEM) using a crack bridging degradation concept. In both approaches, an original RC slab is firstly preloaded to achieve a partly damaged RC slab which is then repaired with UHPFRC overlay and reloaded. The results indicate that the developed analytical method can predict the experimental fatigue behaviors including displacement evolutions and crack patterns reasonably well. In addition, as the shear stress in the concrete/UHPFRC interface stays relatively low over the calculations, this interface can be simply simulated as perfect. Moreover, superior to the experiments, the numerical method provides fatigue behaviors of not only the repaired but also the unrepaired RC slabs. Due to the high strengths and cracking resistance of UHPFRC, the repaired slab exhibited a decelerated deterioration rate and an extended fatigue life compared with the unrepaired slab. Therefore, the proposed repairing scheme can afford significant strengthen effects and act as a reference for future practices and engineering applications.

동중서(董仲舒)의 양(陽) 중심 사상에 대한 고찰 -"황제내경(黃帝內經)"과의 비교(比較)를 통하여- (A Study on Dongjungseo(董仲舒)'s Yin-Yang theory - Yang Central Idea -)

  • 김성지;김수중
    • 대한한의학원전학회지
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    • 제22권3호
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    • pp.145-160
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    • 2009
  • The most famous thought of Dongjungseo's must be 'the Sky-Earth Response Theory.' The theory includes the Same 'Gi' Correspondence(the Same Category Homology) and explains the relationship between the nature and the men based on Yin-Yang. This theory, commonly studied by the scholars of the political science, however, has been constituting the foundation of the oriental medicine. Also, he insists many other theories related to Yin-Yang including the natural calamity, the treatise of human nature, the name and reality, and the national school of Confucianism, etc. This paper covers the Yin-Yang theory, particularly with regard to ethics. politics, human nature of Dongjungseo, and the comparison of his Yin-Yang and that of the Emperor Inner Cannon. Dongjungseo insists on the harmony of Yin-Yang just only in the area of health care, excluding other areas such as state and family governance. However, in contrast, he asserts the Yang central idea for what he defined as the order of a family, a society and a state. This presents his contradiction and logicality. In the last part of this paper, his logical flaws would be discussed and analysed. However, he is a lucky scholar, because his Yang central idea has been successfully governing peoples for a long time, despite such imperfection and contradiction in his studies.

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긴급 매뉴얼 저장용 저전력 메모리 태그의 설계 (Design of A Low Power Memory Tag for Storing Emergency Manuals)

  • 곽노섭;은성배;손경아;차신
    • 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.293-300
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    • 2020
  • Since the communication networks like the Internet collapses at disaster and calamity sites, a maintenance system that can be operated offline is required for the maintenance of various facilities. In this paper, we propose a system that memory tags attached on the facilities may transmit the emergency manual to a smart-phone, and the smart phone displays it off-line. The main issue is to design low energy mode memory tags. This study presents two kinds of methods and analyzes each's energy consumption mode. The first one is to develop memory tags by using one chip, and the next one is to design memory tags by forming multi-modules. Both ways show proper application fields under the low energy mode. This research selects the off-line maintenance system by using one chip design, and proposes the direction of contents for enhancing the effectiveness of the system. And we expect that this memory tags will be valuable for disaster scenes as well as battle fields.

Micro SMES를 이용한 전원공급 안정화장치 시뮬레이션을 위한 PSCAD/EMTDC 컴포넌트 모델링 (Component Modeling of Micro SMES Based Design of Stabilizer Simulation for Power Supply using PSCAD/EMTDC)

  • 김봉태;박민원;성기철;유인근
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 전기기기 및 에너지변환시스템부문
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    • pp.228-230
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    • 2002
  • Recently, electric power reliability of our country has been improved. However, there are still remaining problems which are short-duration variations like instantaneous and momentary interruption and voltage sag by nature calamity ; typhoon, lightning, snow, etc. Besides, power quality ; harmonics, caused by using power electronics equipments, become a hot issue Malfunction of controller and stop machinery, and losing the important data are caused by poor power quality at a couple of second. Due to those, UPS, which is made up battery, has being used, but there are several disadvantages ; long charge and discharge time, environmental problem by acid and heavy metal, and short life time. As generally know, micro-SMES is a method to settle those mentioned. However, there need huge system apparatuses in order to verify the effect of system efficiency and stability considering the size of micro-SMES, the sort of converter type, and various conditions ; inner temperature, magnetic field, quench characteristic of micro-SMES, and etc. In this paper, in order to bring the mentioned above to a settlement, a micro-SMES is modeled with characteristics of micro-SMES is interfaced to EMTOC program using Fortran program interface method. We obtained hopeful answers and made the simulation model of micro SMES.

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An Improved Two-Factor Mutual Authentication Scheme with Key Agreement in Wireless Sensor Networks

  • Li, Jiping;Ding, Yaoming;Xiong, Zenggang;Liu, Shouyin
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • 제11권11호
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    • pp.5556-5573
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    • 2017
  • As a main component of Internet of Things (IoTs), the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been widely applied to various areas, including environment monitoring, health monitoring of human body, farming, commercial manufacture, reconnaissance mission in military, and calamity alert etc. Meanwhile, the privacy concerns also arise when the users are required to get the real-time data from the sensor nodes directly. To solve this problem, several user authentication and key agreement schemes with a smart card and a password have been proposed in the past years. However, these schemes are vulnerable to some attacks such as offline password guessing attack, user impersonation attack by using attacker's own smart card, sensor node impersonation attack and gateway node bypassing attack. In this paper, we propose an improved scheme which can resist a wide variety of attacks in WSNs. Cryptanalysis and performance analysis show that our scheme can solve the weaknesses of previously proposed schemes and enhance security requirements while maintaining low computational cost.

홍수의 재해 초기 구호활동에서 효율적 자원분배를 위한 의사결정 (Decision Mking for Efficient Resource Allocation in Initial Disaster of Flood)

  • 이영재;손동기
    • 해양환경안전학회지
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    • 제1권2호
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    • pp.107-118
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    • 1995
  • This study is for decision making on distribution of resources so as to improve the effectiveness of initial disaster relief efforts. It is very important that relief efforts should be accomplished appropriately at the initial disaster. Furthermore, efficient allocation of relief resources such as rescuer, shelter, relief goods, relief funds, medical and relief equipments is also the first step to achieve main objective of relief efforts when disaster occurs. For this purpose, this study establishes flood as a imaginery disaster and develops a model for efficient distribution of resources when flood outbreaks. This model fixes initial 72 hours, which is subdivided into three intervals, as a initial disaster range. The model is to set a prioity against alloction of relief resources by each time zone which is related to damaged degree( Red Tag, Yellow Tag, Green Tag). Experts in this field input their experience into this model, and these are analyzed by Analytic Hierachy Process(AHP)/Expert Choice(EC) software. Therefore, we can decide a prioity against distribution of resources by each time zone which is in accordance with damaged degree. The result of this study would be helpful to a person who is in charge of relief from calamity in order him to make a decision toward distribution of resources.

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기후요소를 활용한 철골공사기간 예측 시스템에 관한 연구 - 실시간 진도관리 시스템 적용을 중심으로 -

  • 박정로;유승규;김경환;김재준
    • 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국건축시공학회 2009년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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    • pp.213-217
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    • 2009
  • Weather factors affect cost increases and progress management under construction. Because progress schedule is delayed by weather factors, the construction costs are increased. It is an essential element to control the progress schedule applying weather factors to the progress management. This study applies monthly working-day percentages which is estimated by databases of past weather information to RTPM system. Through do progress management in construction projects exactly, will try to minimize risk of process control that do that is to weather factors. Also, will compare calamity in safety supervision side that do that is to weather factors beforehand. Based on the factors and the expected impact of factors together with the weather data during the last 50 years in Seoul region gathered from Korea. Through it, calculated number of month working day of RCA's structural steel work. Studied way that apply to RTPM system.

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초등학교의 학교보건정책 지침개발 및 수행정도 분석 - WHO의 건강증진학교 지침을 중심으로 - (Development and Performance Analysis of Elementary School Health Promotion Policy Guideline)

  • 정영숙;한주희;이춘옥;권인숙;이정렬
    • 지역사회간호학회지
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.457-467
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    • 2003
  • Purpose: This study examined the development and performance of the school health promotion policy guideline that is applicable to Korean school health. Methods: 1. The WHO's guideline was translated into Korean and modified by school health experts 2. A questionnaire was conducted to assess the performance of school health policy on 207 nurses in elementary schools in Seoul and Cheonbuk. Result: The Korean version of the school health promotion policy guidelines were developed including 9 components and 36 checkpoints. Compared to that of WHO, the component 'school nursing teacher' was added and three components were eliminated: 'equitable access to school resources', 'control of helminth', and 'sun protection policy'. The performance degree of first-aid, closure of school in a calamity, and control of HIV/AIDS was very low. The performance degree of a healthy diet, and regular physical examination was quite high. This study was the first that developed the school health promotion policy guideline and examined the performance. Further research is needed to validate the guidelines developed by this study.

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Vulnerability Assessment of a Large Sized Power System Using Neural Network Considering Various Feature Extraction Methods

  • Haidar, Ahmed M. A;Mohamed, Azah;Hussian, Aini
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.167-176
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    • 2008
  • Vulnerability assessment of power systems is important so as to determine their ability to continue to provide service in case of any unforeseen catastrophic contingency such as power system component failures, communication system failures, human operator error, and natural calamity. An approach towards the development of on-line power system vulnerability assessment is by means of using an artificial neural network(ANN), which is being used successfully in many areas of power systems because of its ability to handle the fusion of multiple sources of data and information. An important consideration when applying ANN in power system vulnerability assessment is the proper selection and dimension reduction of training features. This paper aims to investigate the effect of using various feature extraction methods on the performance of ANN as well as to evaluate and compare the efficiency of the proposed feature extraction method named as neural network weight extraction. For assessing vulnerability of power systems, a vulnerability index based on power system loss is used and considered as the ANN output. To illustrate the effectiveness of ANN considering various feature extraction methods for vulnerability assessment on a large sized power system, it is verified on the IEEE 300-bus test system.

전자정부 역할로서 재난재해 대응체계를 위한 UT 활용서비스 연구 (Research of UT utilized the services for a disaster response system as role of u-Government)

  • 정영철;배용근
    • 한국정보통신학회논문지
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.251-257
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    • 2015
  • 인간의 경험과 눈에만 맡기는 합리성은 재난재해 시 커다란 국가적 손실을 가져온다. 이에 따라 다양하고 복잡한 재난재해 안전에 대한 국가적 위기 상황을 대비하기 위해서는 스마트한 UT를 활용하여 범부처의 효과적인 협업 기반의 국가재난재해관리체계로 전환이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서 재난재해대응을 위한 선진국 사례를 계기로 인간의 경험을 지양하여 UT 활용서비스를 위한 대안으로 u-Gov 서비스 구도의 모형모델을 제시한다. 또한 대국민의 행정서비스 제공을 위해 새로운 통합컨트롤타워의 목적을 실현하는데 있어 정책 반영을 위한 정책적 과제의 대안을 제시하였다.