• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.361-366
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• 2014

본 연구는 상용화되어 판매되고 있는 CPV-2 백신과 CPV-2b 백신이 국내에서 주로 유행하고 있는 CPV-2a 분리주에 대해 방어능력을 가지는 지를 평가하기 위하여, CPV에 대한 예방접종을 실시하지 않은 생후 9주령의 잡종 강아지 20두를 예방접종 미실시군(대조군) 4두와 예방접종군 16두로 편성하였다. 예방접종 군의 강아지 8두씩은 3주 간격으로 3회에 걸쳐 CPV-2 또는 CPV-2b 백신을 각각 예방접종하였다. 3차 예방접종 2주 후에 모든 강아지에 $1{\times}10^6\;TCID_{50}$의 CPV-2a (VR00174 strain) 바이러스를 경구접종하였으며 강아지들의 임상증상, CPV의 변 내 배출, CPV에 대한 혈청학적 반응에 대하여 2주 동안 관찰하였다. 국내 분리 CPV-2a를 공격접종한 후에, 예방접종을 실시한 모든 강아지에서는 어떠한 임상증상도 나타나지 않았지만 예방접종을 실시하지 않은 강아지들은 식욕부진, 우둔, 구토, 점액 또는 혈액성 설사를 나타내었으며 2두는 공격접종 6일째에 폐사하였다. 예방접종을 실시하지 않은 강아지들에서는 공격접종 4일 후부터 변에서 CPV가 검출되었지만 예방접종을 실시한 강아지에서는 변에서 CPV가 검출되지 않았다. 그리고 예방접종 실시한 강아지들은 1차 예방접종에 의하여 방어수준 이상으로 CPV에 대한 항체를 형성하였다. 본 연구는 현재 국내에서 시판 중인 CPV-2와 CPV-2b 백신이 최근 국내에서 주로 분리되는 CPV-2a에 대하여 교차 방어력을 나타내는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2009

After the original identification of canine parvovirus (CPV) type 2 (CPV-2) in 1978, new antigenic variants such as CPV-2a, CPV-2b and CPV-2c have become widespread in the most countries. In this study, the genetic analysis of canine parvovirus was investigated in a total of 13 CPV vaccines, which have been licensed in Korea since late 1980s, and a field isolate of CPV from a dog with CPV infection clinical symptom. The partial VP2 gene of CPV was amplified and sequenced from 13 vaccine strains and one field isolate. The results showed that of the 13 vaccine strains, 10 strains belong to the CPV-2, 2 strains to CPV-2b, the remaining and one isolate to CPV-2a type, respectively. Several mutations of amino acids were detected at residues of the critical region of the commercial vaccine strains. These data suggest that new type of vaccines containing CPV-2a or CPV-2b/2c type may be required for the better prevention of new CPV infection in dog population in Korea, because CPV-2 contained in most licensed vaccines has been replaced by antigenic variants designated CPV-2a or CPV-2b/c in the worldwide dog population.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.43.1-43.13
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• 2020

Background: Canine parvovirus (CPV) and feline panleukopenia (FPV) cause severe intestinal disease and leukopenia. Objectives: In Korea, there have been a few studies on Korean FPV and CPV-2 strains. We attempted to investigate several genetic properties of FPV and CPV-2. Methods: Several FPV and CPV sequences from around world were analyzed by Bayesian phylo-geographical analysis. Results: The parvoviruses strains were newly classified into FPV, CPV 2-I, CPV 2-II, and CPV 2-III genotypes. In the strains isolated in this study, Gigucheon, Rara and Jun belong to the FPV, while Rachi strain belong to CPV 2-III. With respect to CPV type 2, the new genotypes are inconsistent with the previous genotype classifications (CPV-2a, -2b, and -2c). The root of CPV-I strains were inferred to be originated from a USA strain, while the CPV-II and III were derived from Italy strains that originated in the USA. Based on VP2 protein analysis, CPV 2-I included CPV-2a-like isolates only, as differentiated by the change in residue S297A/N. Almost CPV-2a isolates were classified into CPV 2-III, and a large portion of CPV-2c isolates was classified into CPV 2-II. Two residue substitutions F267Y and Y324I of the VP2 protein were characterized in the isolates of CPV 2-III only. Conclusions: We provided an updated insight on FPV and CPV-2 genotypes by molecular-based and our findings demonstrate the genetic characterization according to the new genotypes.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.163-167
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• 2015

Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a major diarrhea-causing agent in puppies. Since CPV type 2 (CPV-2) emerged in 1978, new antigenic variants including CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c have been identified in many countries. Two puppies died suddenly at a veterinary clinic in Gyeonggi province, South Korea. Two viruses were isolated in A72 cells, confirmed as CPV strains based on a CPV rapid kit and an indirect fluorescence test and designated QIACP1403 and QIACP1404. The nucleotide sequences of complete VP2 genes of QIACP1403 and QIACP1404 were determined, and the corresponding amino acid sequences were deduced. Molecular analyses revealed that the QIACP1403 and QIACP1404 isolates were type CPV-2b. Several mutated amino acids were detected on VP2 gene residues of the two isolates. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the two isolates were most closely related to strain CPV-BM11, which was isolated from Chinese dogs in 2011. Our results suggest that these isolates may be a candidate for a vaccine to prevent CPV infection in dogs after conducting passages of the isolates in an in vitro culture system.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.555-567
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• 1992

In this study gene encoding structural proteins of a CPV isolate was cloned and sequenced to elucidate the molecular genetical properties of the canine parvoviruses isolated from the field. Six recombinant plasmids of pEP3, p1471, p2070, pEP069, pEP338 and p14711p were constructed from the map positions 22 to 98 of RF DNA to clone the VP1 and VP2 genes of CPV-V20. Sequentialy the gene comprising 3780 nucleotides were sequenced by dideoxy chain termination method. When nucleotide sequence of gene encoding the structural proteins of CPV-V20 was compared with those of other strains, CPV-N, CPV-d and CPV-780929 published previously, DNA, homologies to CPV-V20 were 99.87% with CPV-N, 99.73% with CPV-d, 96.85% with CPV-780929 and 98.4% with FPLV-Carl, respectively. The DNA sequence data of CPV-V20 showed seven point mutations and also deletion of 135 nucleotides from the nucleotide position 4745 to 4879 located in the 3'-noncoding region of CPV-N.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.223-229
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• 2006

세계적으로 canine parvovirus(CPV) 고역가 백신이 사용된 후 CPV 감염이 효과적으로 관리되고 있지만 국내에서는 아직도 CPV 장염의 발생이 계속되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 2003년 6월부터 2005년 5월까지 CPV 장염으로 확진된 140두를 대상으로 CPV 장염의 역학적 조사와 CPV 장염에 이환된 환축의 생존에 영향을 미치는 역학적 요인들에 대하여 조사하였다. CPV 장염은 6-18주령의 예방접종을 실시하지 않았거나 불완전하게 실시한 개체에서 주로 발생하였다. CPV 장염에 이환된 개 중 암컷의 생존율이 숫컷보다 높았으며, 나이가 많을수록 생존율이 높았다(p<0.05). 그리고 HI 항체가가 낮을수록 폐사율이 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 주요 임상증상으로 설사, 구토, 기면과 탈수증상이 대부분의 환축에서 나타났다. 최근 국내에서 발생하는 CPV 장염은 CPV에 대한 예방접종의 실패와 CPV 백신에 대한 면역반응이 부적당한 것에 기인하는 것으로 생각되므로 면역이 완전히 형성되기 전의 어린 개들은 CPV에 오염된 환경에 노출되지 않도록 예방관리 하는 것이 중요하다.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.56.1-56.13
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• 2024

Importance: Canine parvovirus enteritis (CPE) is a contagious viral disease of dogs caused by the canine parvovirus-2 (CPV-2) associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. CPV-2 has a high global evolutionary rate. Molecular characterization of CPV-2 and understanding its epidemiology are essential for controlling CPV-2 infections. Objective: This study examined the risk factors and survival outcomes of dogs infected with CPV-2. Molecular characterization of CPV-2 genotypes circulating in Egypt was performed to determine the evolution of CPV-2 nationally and globally. Methods: An age-matched case-control study was conducted on 47 control and 47 CPV-infected dogs. Conditional logistic regression analysis examined the association between the potential risk factors and CPE in dogs. Survival analysis was performed to determine the survival pattern of the infected dogs. Thirteen fecal samples from infected dogs were collected to confirm the CPV genotype by CPV-2 VP2 gene sequencing, assembly of nucleotide sequences, and phylogenic analysis. Results: Unvaccinated and roamer dogs had eight and 2.3 times higher risks of CPV infection than vaccinated dogs and non-roamer dogs, respectively. The risk of death from CPE was high among dogs without routine visits to veterinary clinics and among non-roamer dogs. Molecular characterization of CPV-2 confirmed its genotype identity and relationship with the CPV-2 c and b clade types. Conclusions and Relevance: This study highlights the potential factors for CPE control, especially vaccination and preventing dogs from roaming freely outside houses. Isolated CPV genotypes are closely related to southern Asian genotypes, suggesting a substantial opportunity for global transmission.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권8호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2017

집광형태양광발전시스템은 집광형태양전지 셀, 모듈, PCS, 태양위치추적기, 시스템설비와 그에 따른 시스템주변창치들로 구성된다. 이러한 다양한 요소를 반영하여 시스템모델링이 이루어져 집광형태양광발전시스템에 대한 분석과 모델링방법이 적용되어야 한다. 본 논문에서 제안된 이러한 다양한 요소를 반영하여 최적의 CPV 시스템 시뮬레이션을 제안하여 집광형태양광발전시스템 모델링과 에너지의 발생분석에 대한 최적 설계가 이루어지도록 모델링에 중점 두어 설계하였다. 손실 파라미터 계산 방법에 관한 일반화된 집광형태양광발전시스템의 계산된 시뮬레이션 결과는 높은 신뢰성과 안정성을 갖는 집광형태양광발전시스템의 최적의 설계가 가능하다. 손실 파라미터 계산 방법은 CPV 시스템 설계의 경제적 분석을 위한 시뮬레이션 및 다양한 데이터 활용을 위한 시뮬레이션방법을 활용할 수 있다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.19.1-19.6
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• 2023

Rapid immunochromatography test (RICT) kits are commonly used for the diagnosis of canine parvovirus (CPV) because of their rapid turnaround time, simplicity, and ease of use. However, the potential for cross-reactivity and low sensitivity can yield false-positive or false-negative results. There are 4 genotypes of CPV. Therefore, evaluating the performance and reliability of RICT kits for CPV detection is essential to ensure accurate diagnosis for appropriate treatment. In this study, we evaluated the performance of commercial RICT kits in the diagnosis of all CPV genotypes. The cross-reactivity of 6 commercial RICT kits was evaluated using 8 dog-related viruses and 4 bacterial strains. The limit of detection (LOD) was measured for the 4 genotypes of CPV and feline panleukopenia virus. The tested kits showed no cross-reactivity with the 8 dog-related viruses or 4 bacteria. Most RICT kits showed strong positive results for CPV-2 variants (CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c). However, the 2 kits produced negative results for CPV-2 or CPV-2b at a titer of 10⁵ FAID₅₀/mL, which may result in inaccurate diagnoses. Therefore, some kits need to improve their LOD by increasing their binding efficiency to detect all CPV genotypes.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.153-155
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• 2008

Pathogenic infection in tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury is common and there is a breed specific response regarding tolerance. Hence, the tolerance level of three eco-races of tasar silkworm viz. Daba, Sarihan and Raily to Antheraea mylitta cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (AmCPV) infection was tested. The survival of Daba, Sarihan and Raily eco-races was significantly different (p<0.05) when challenged with the same concentration ($1{\times}10^5$ polyhedra/ml) of AmCPV. Daba eco-race was more tolerant to the AmCPV infection having higher survival (65.7%) and $LC_{50}$ values (1000893.17 polyhedra/ml) of AmCPV followed by Sarihan eco-race (50.7% survival and $LC_{50}$ value of AmCPV 187203.6168 polyhedra/ml) and Raily eco-race (24.3% survival and $LC_{50}$ value of AmCPV 5176.37 polyhedra/ml). The tolerance level of Daba and Sarihan eco-races against AmCPV was more than two times than Raily eco-race.