• 제목/요약/키워드: CP

검색결과 4,220건 처리시간 0.039초

$New η^3-Allyl-Alkenyl- and η^3-Allyl-Alkynyl-Ir-Cp^* Compounds from Reactions of [Cp^*Ir(η^3-CH_2CHCHPh)(NCMe)]^+ with Alkynes$

  • 진종식;종대성;김미역;이현귀
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제22권7호
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    • pp.739-742
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    • 2001
  • Reactions of [Cp*Ir(η3-CH2CHCHPh)(NCMe)]OTf (1) with HC≡CR (R = H, CH2OH) in the presence of bases, B (B=NEt3, PPh3, AsPh3) produce stable Cp*Ir-η3-allyl-alkenyl compounds [Cp*Ir(η3-CH2CHCHPh)(-CH=CH-+B)]OTf (2) and [Cp*Ir(η3-CH2CHCHPh)(-C(CH2OH)=CH- +PPh3)]OTf (3), respectively in high yields. Cp*Ir-η3-allyl-alkynyl compounds Cp*Ir(η3-CH2CHCHPh(-C≡C-R') (4) and Cp*(η3-CH2CHCHPh)Ir-C≡C-p-C6H4-C≡C-Ir(η3-CH2CHCHPh)Cp* (5) have been prepared from reactions of 1 with HC≡CR'(R' = C6H5, p-C6H4CH3, C3H5, C6H9) and HC≡C-p-C6H4-C≡CH in the presence of NEt3.

닭과 돼지의 항균펩타이드 NK-Lysin으로부터 조합된 펩타이드의 In Vitro 항균효과 (In Vitro Antibacterial Effects of the Chimeric Peptides from Chicken and Pig Antimicrobial Peptide NK-Lysin)

  • 홍여진;이기용;양수진;현순 릴레호이;홍영호
    • 한국가금학회지
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    • 제49권2호
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    • pp.69-77
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    • 2022
  • 가축에서 항생제의 남용은 항생제 내성균의 발생을 유도하므로 가축과 사람의 건강을 위협할 수 있다. 이에 따라 항생제를 대체할 수 있는 물질 중 하나로 항균펩타이드(antimicrobial peptides)가 연구되고 있다. 항균펩타이드는 12-50개의 아미노산으로 구성된 펩타이드로 숙주에 감염된 다양한 박테리아를 사멸시키고 면역작용을 조절하는 등 선천성 면역에 중요한 물질이다. 본 연구에서는 닭과 돼지의 NK-2를 조합하여 cpNK라는 chimeric 펩타이드를 합성하였으며 이것의 항균효과를 검증하였다. 그 결과, cpNK는 그람음성균인 E. coli와 Salmonella spp. 그리고 그람 양성균인 L. monocytogenes과 S. aureus를 사멸시켰으며, cpNK는 그람음성균에서 더 강력한 살균효과를 보였다. 특히, cpNK는 메티실린 내성 황색포도상구균 (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA)에 대해서도 항균효과를 보여주었다. 또한, 27aa인 cpNK의 크기를 줄인 21aa의 cpNK-a1과 13aa의 cpNK-a2를 합성하여 마찬가지로 항균효과를 측정한 결과, cpNK보다는 약한 항균효과를 보였지만 여러 병원균의 생존율을 감소시켰다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 우수한 항균효과를 갖는 cpNK와 cpNK로부터 유도된 펩타이드들을 항생제 대체제로 사용할 수 있는 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

DNCB로 유발된 생쥐의 알레르기성 접촉피부염에 선태(蟬蛻)가 미치는 영향 (Effects of Cicadae Periostracum (CP) in Allergic Contact Dermatitis (ACD) Induced by DNCB in Mice)

  • 김빛나래;채중원
    • 대한한방소아과학회지
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    • 제29권2호
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    • pp.1-15
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    • 2015
  • Objectives In the theory of Korean Medicine, Cicadae Periostracum (CP) has been used to treat skin diseases such as inflammatory dermatitis, tetanus and pruritus. CP can reduce heat and disperse wind. In prior studies, anti-allergic effect and anti-inflammatory effect of CP were reported. However, there has been no report regarding the correlation of CP and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). This study was performed to show the effects of CP in ACD induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in mice. Methods In this experiment, the effects of CP on biological changes were measured, such as changes in ear and spleen weight, ear and dorsum skin thickness, clinical aspect on the dorsum skin and histological changes. The effect of proliferation rate of splenocytes was also investigated in vitro and vivo study. Results In results, CP application (CPA) group and CP application and administration (CPAA) group were significantly restrained in ear weight gain and increase in ear and dorsum skin thickness compared to the control group. In addition, CPA and CPAA group showed diminished erythema, desquamation, bloodstain, and marks. Also, the histological assessment showed that CP treatement diminished thickness of epidermis, hyperkeratosis, pigmentation and parakeratosis. Conclusions In conclusion, these data suggest that CP can decrease symptoms of ACD.

Effects of Dietary Crude Protein on Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization, Immunity Index and Protease Activity in Weaner to 2 Month-old New Zealand Rabbits

  • Lei, Q.X.;Li, F.C.;Jiao, H.C.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제17권10호
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    • pp.1447-1451
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    • 2004
  • An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different dietary crude protein (CP) levels on growth performance, nutrient utilization, small intestine protease activity and immunity index of weaner to 2 month-old New Zealand rabbits. Eighty weaner rabbits were allocated in individual cages to five treatments in which they were fed diets with CP at 14%, 16%, 18%, 20% and 22%, respectively. The growth performance and nutrient digestibility of rabbits increased firstly when dietary CP increased, then decreased. The average daily gain was the highest and feed conversion rate was the lowest when dietary CP reached 20%, namely 34.9 g/d and 2.74:1, respectively. Maximum CP digestibility was 72.1% in the 18% CP group, maximum crude fiber digestibility of 28.4% occurred in the 16% CP group and was significantly different from other treatments (p<0.01), apparent digestibility of Lys and Val followed the same trend as CP digestibility, and reached their maximum when dietary CP was 18%. Apparent digestibility of Cys, Tyr, Leu and Thr also had a similar trend to CP digestibility. Nitrogen retention (RN) increased with CP level (p>0.05), and was highest for 20% CP treatment (1.5 g/d). The effect of CP level on the rate of digestible nitrogen (DN) converted RN was small. The spleen index, thymus index, chymotrypsin and trypsin activities in small intestine were highest when dietary CP was 16%, which were 1.0, 2.8, 15.7 U/g and 125.7 U/g, respectively. There was no significant difference among treatments (p>0.05). According to the above results, the appropriate dietary CP level from weaner to 2 month-old meat rabbits was 18-20%.

Comparison of Morphological Characteristics of the Subaxial Cervical Spine between Athetoid Cerebral Palsy and Normal Control

  • Kim, Jun Young;Kwon, Jae Yeol;Kim, Moon Seok;Lee, Jeong Jae;Kim, Il Sup;Hong, Jae Taek
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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    • 제61권2호
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    • pp.243-250
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    • 2018
  • Objective : To compare the morphometry of subaxial cervical spine between cerebral palsy (CP) and normal control. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed 72 patients with CP, as well as 72 patients from normal population. The two groups were matched for age, sex, and body mass index. Pedicle, lateral mass (LM), and vertebral foramen were evaluated using computed tomography (CT) imaging. Pedicle diameter, LM height, thickness, width and vertebral foramen asymmetry (VFA) were measured and compared between the two groups. Cervical dynamic motion, disc and facet joint degeneration were investigated. Additionally, we compared the morphology of LM between convex side and concave side with cervical scoliotic CP patients. Results : LM height was smaller in CP group. LM thickness and width were larger in CP group at mid-cervical level. In 40 CP patients with cervical scoliosis, there were no height and width differences between convex and concave side. Pedicle outer diameter was not statistically different between two groups. Pedicle inner diameter was significantly smaller in CP group. Pedicle sclerosis was more frequent in CP patients. VFA was larger in CP group at C3, C4, and C5. Disc/facet degeneration grade was higher in the CP group. Cervical motion of CP group was smaller than those of the control group. Conclusion : LM morphology of CP patients was different from normal population. Sclerotic pedicles and vertebral foramen asymmetry were more commonly identified in CP patients. CP patients were more likely to demonstrate progressive disc/facet degeneration. This data may provide useful information on cervical posterior instrumentation in CP patients.

Kinetic Analysis of CpG-Induced Mouse B Cell Growth and Ig Production

  • Kim, Young-Ha;Lee, Sang-Hoon;Yoo, Yung-Choon;Lee, Jung-Lim;Park, Jong-Hwan;Park, Seok-Rae
    • IMMUNE NETWORK
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.89-95
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    • 2012
  • Immune cells express toll-like receptors (TLRs) and respond to molecular patterns of various pathogens. CpG motif in bacterial DNA activates innate and acquired immune systems through binding to TLR9 of immune cells. Several studies reported that CpG can directly regulate B cell activation, differentiation, and Ig production. However, the role of CpG in B cell growth and Ig production is not fully understood. In this study, we analyzed the effect of CpG on the kinetics of mouse B cell viability, proliferation, and Igs production. Overall, CpG enhanced mouse B cell growth and production of Igs in a dose-dependent manner. Unlike LPS, 100 nM CpG (high dose) did not support TGF-${\beta}1$-induced IgA and IgG2b production. Moreover, 100 nM CpG treatment abrogated either LPS-induced IgM or LPS/TGF-${\beta}1$-induced IgA and IgG2b production, although B cell growth was enhanced by CpG under the same culture conditions. We subsequently found that 10 nM CpG (low dose) is sufficient for B cell growth. Again, 10 nM CpG did not support TGF-${\beta}1$-induced IgA production but, interestingly enough, supported RA-induced IgA production. Further, 10 nM CpG, unlike 100 nM, neither abrogated the LPS/TGF-${\beta}1$- nor the LPS/RA-induced IgA production. Taken together, these results suggest that dose of CpG is critical in B cell growth and Igs production and the optimal dose of CpG cooperates with LPS in B cell activation and differentiation toward Igs production.

대용량 통신 처리 시스템에서의 인터네트 서비스 관리 (Internet Service Management In Advanced Information Communication Processing System)

  • 권선준
    • 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정보과학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.25 No.2 (3)
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    • pp.317-319
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    • 1998
  • 대용량 통신처리 시스템은 PSTN, PSDN 및 ISDN등 다양한 통신망으로부터 접속하는 사용자들에게 TEXT 기반의 서비스 및 인터넷 서비스의 제공을 목표로 한다. 유료 인터넷 서비스 제공이 있어서 유료 CP 사용에 대한 과금 데이터 생성을 위한 데이터 관리에 대하여 기술한다. 유료 CP 데이터는 데이터베이스 테이블에 저장되어 관리되며 유료 CP 데이터 관리는WARP Manager에 수행되는 유료 CP 에 대한 등록, 변경, 삭제 및 검색 기능을 포함하여 유로CP 데이터는 WARP Manager의 내용을 기준으로 WARP Manager와 각 WARP 간에 상호 일치가 되도록 관리되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 위에서 소개된 유료 CP데이터 관리 기능 및 유료 CP 데이터에 대한 일치 기능에 대하여 기술한다.

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SPACES OF CONJUGATION-EQUIVARIANT FULL HOLOMORPHIC MAPS

  • KAMIYAMA, YASUHIKO
    • 대한수학회보
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    • 제42권1호
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    • pp.157-164
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    • 2005
  • Let $RRat_k$ ($CP^n$) denote the space of basepoint-preserving conjugation-equivariant holomorphic maps of degree k from $S^2$ to $CP^n$. A map f ; $S^2 {\to}CP^n$ is said to be full if its image does not lie in any proper projective subspace of $CP^n$. Let $RF_k(CP^n)$ denote the subspace of $RRat_k(CP^n)$ consisting offull maps. In this paper we determine $H{\ast}(RF_k(CP^2); Z/p)$ for all primes p.

추출조건에 따른 차가버섯 생리활성 및 면역활성 다당 (Pharmacological Activity of Chaga Mushroom on Extraction Conditions and Immunostimulating Polysaccharide)

  • 백길훈;정헌상;김훈;윤택준;서형주;유광원
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제41권10호
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    • pp.1378-1387
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    • 2012
  • 추출조건에 따른 생리활성 영향을 검토하기 위하여 차가버섯(Inonotus obliquus)을 물($50^{\circ}C$ reflux, $90^{\circ}C$ 이상 decoction, $12^{\circ}C$ 가압추출)과 에탄올(50, 70과 $90^{\circ}C$ reflux)로 추출한 후 물 추출물을 조다당획분(IO-CP)으로 분획하였을 때 IO-CP(4.8~16.8%)의 수율은 에탄올추출물(IO-E, 1.9~2.7%)보다 높았으며 추출온도 증가에 따라 그 차이는 더 컸다. 가압추출로 조제된 조다당획분(IO-CP-121)은 가장 높은 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량(35.10 mg TAE/g와 18.48 mg QE/g)과 DPPH와 ABTS를 이용한 자유 라디칼소거능(26.08과 27.99 mg AEAC/100 mg)을 나타내었다. IO-CP-D(decoction)와 IO-CP-50(reflux)은 IO-CP-121보다 유의적으로 높은 마이토젠(saline 대조군의 2.10과 1.95배, 100 ${\mu}g/mL$)과 장관면역 활성(6.30과 5.74배)을 보였으나 에탄올추출물 활성은 확인되지 않았다. 또한, 모든 IO-CP는 0.1 mg/mL 농도에서 RAW 264.7 세포주에 대하여 독성을 나타내지 않았으나, IO-CP-121이 LPS-자극 RAW 264.7 세포주에 대하여 가장 유의적으로 염증성 인자인 TNF-${\alpha}$와 nitric oxide(NO) 생성을 억제하였다(29.2와 63.5%). 에탄올추출물도 0.1 mg/mL 농도에서 독성을 보이지 않았으나 TNF-${\alpha}$와 NO의 생성 억제능은 IO-CP-121보다 현저히 낮음을 알수 있었다. 한편, 활성 다당획분을 분리하기 위하여 면역활성 획분인 IO-CP-D를 DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B column에서 비흡착 획분(IO-CP-I)과 7개의 흡착 획분(IO-CP-II~VIII)으로 분획한 결과, IO-CP-II가 가장 우수한 마이토젠과 마크로파지 활성(4.51과 1.64배)을 나타내었다. 이와 같이 분리된 면역활성 획분인 IO-CP-II는 주로 중성당(61.86%)과 함께 소량의 산성당(2.96%)을 포함하고 있는 다당류임이 밝혀졌으며, 주요 구성당으로서 Glc, Gal와 Man(molar ratio of 1.00:0.55:0.31)를 포함하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과로부터 추출조건은 차가버섯 생리활성에 중요하게 작용하고 있으며, decoction 추출방법으로 제조하여 분획한 면역활성 획분으로부터 차가버섯 면역활성은 적어도 중성 다당류가 관여하고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

귤피 및 녹차추출물에서 배양한 소나무잔나비버섯(Fomitopsis pinicola) 균사체의 유리아미노산 및 다당류 함량 (Free Amino Acid and Polysaccharide Content of Submerged Mycelial Culture of Fomitopsis pinicola)

  • 장경호;신경옥;김순동
    • 한국식품저장유통학회지
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.379-386
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    • 2005
  • 천연배지에서 배양한 소나무잔나비버섯(Fomitopsis pinicola)균사체와 균체외 유리아미노산 및 다당류함량을 조사하였다. 배지로는 YM(yeast-malt broth), CP(citrus peel-broth) 및 GT 배지(green tea-broth)를 사용하였으며 $30^{\circ}C$, 150rpm에서 10일간 배양하였다. 균사체의 수율은 GT, CP 및 YM에서 각각 42.3, 34.2 및 $9.89\%$였으며, 균사체를 제거한 배양액의 탁도는 GT 0.14, CP 0.16, YM 0.22이었다. 균사체의 총 유리아미노산 함량은 YM 928.19 $mg\%$, CP 1060.53 $mg\%$, GT 764.83 $mg\%$였으며, 주 아미노산은 YM은 lysine, CP와 GT는 glutamic acid였다. 균체외 총 유리아미노산 함량은 YM 659.75 $mg\%$, CP 954.55 $mg\%$, GT 838.69 $mg\%$였으며, 주 아미노산은 YM, CP 및 GT 모두 glutamic acid였다. 균사체와 균체외 total 아미노산 유도체의 함량은 CP>GT>YM 순이었다. 균사체의 주 아미노산 유도체는 YM은 cystathionine, CP와 GT는 hydroxy proline이였다. YM, CP 및 GT의 균체외 주 아미노산 유도체는 hydroxy proline이였다. 균사체와 균체외 AIS 함량은 CP>GT>YM순이었다. 산가용성 다당류 함량은 GT($0.69\%$)>YM($0.39\%$)>CP($0.18\%$)순, 균체외 산가용성 다당류 함량은 GT($0.87\%$)>CP($0.69\%$)>YM($0.09\%$)순이었다. 균사체의 알칼리 가용성 다당류 함량은 CP($5.21\%$)>GT($5.18\%$)>YM($4.56\%$) 순, 균체외는 GT($6.79\%$)>YM($3.57\%$)>CP($3.01\%$)순으로, 균사체 함유 다당류는 산가용성($0.18{\sim}0.69\%$)에 비하여 알칼리가용성($4.56{\sim}5.21\%$)의 함량이 현저하게 높았다. CP 배지에서 배양한 균사체의 알칼리가용성 다당류를 겔 여과한 결과 hexose와 uronic acid로 구성된 분자량 500,000 dalton의 다당류와 분자량 10,000 dalton이하의 단백질이 결합한 단백 다당체로 추정되었다.