• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.390-399
• /
• 2014

Chalcones (1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones), a flavonoid subfamily, are widely known for their anti-inflammatory properties. Propenone moiety in chalcones is known to play an important role in generating biological responses by chalcones. In the present study, we synthesized chalcone derivatives structurally modified in propenone moiety and examined inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production and its potential mechanisms. Among the chalcone derivatives used for this study, TI-I-174 (3-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-1-(thiophen-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one) most potently inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated nitrite production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. TI-I-174 treatment also markedly inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. However, TI-I-174 did not significantly affect production of IL-6, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), implying that TI-I-174 inhibits production of inflammatory mediators in a selective manner. Treatment of macrophages with TI-I-174 significantly inhibited transcriptional activity of activator protein-1 (AP-1) as determined by luciferase reporter gene assay, whereas nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$) activity was not affected by TI-I-1744. In addition, TI-I-174 significantly inhibited activation of c-Jun-N-Terminal kinase (JNK) without affecting ERK1/2 and p38MAPK, indicating that down-regulation of iNOS gene expression by TI-I-174 is mainly attributed by blockade of JNK/AP-1 activation. We also demonstrated that TI-I-174 treatment led to an increase in heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression both at mRNA and protein level. Transfection of siRNA targeting HO-1 reversed TI-I-174-mediated inhibition of nitrite production. Taken together, these results indicate that TI-I-174 suppresses NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages via induction of HO-1 and blockade of AP-1 activation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.23-29
• /
• 2015

Background: Current cancer therapy mainly focuses on identifying novel targets crucial for tumorigenesis. The FoxM1 is of preference as an anticancer target, due to its significance in execution of mitosis, cell cycle progression, as well as other signal pathways leading to tumorigenesis. FoxM1 is partially regulated by oncoproteins or tumor suppressors, which are often mutated, lost, or overexpressed in human cancer. Since sustaining proliferating signaling is an important hallmark of cancer, FoxM1 is overexpressed in a series of human malignancies. Alarge-scale gene expression analysis also identified FoxM1 as a differentially-expressed gene in most solid tumors. Furthermore, overexpressed FoxM1 is correlated with the prognosis of cancer patients, as verified in a series of malignancies by Cox regression analysis. Thus, extensive studies have been conducted to explore the roles of FoxM1 in tumorigenesis, making it an attractive target for anticancer therapy. Several antitumor drugs have been reported to target or inhibit FoxM1 expression in different cancers, and down-regulation of FoxM1 also abrogates drug resistance in some cancer cell lines, highlighting a promising future for FoxM1 application in the clinic.

• 한국버섯학회지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.330-333
• /
• 2015

영지버섯과 기타 약용버섯류를 에탄올 용매로 추출하여 농축한 뒤, $100{\mu}g/ml$의 농도로 처리하여 아질산염 소거능을 실험한 결과 양성대조구인 Ascorbic acid는 25%의 소거능을 보이는데 반해 영지버섯 중 ASI 7080은 40%이상 소거하는 것으로 나타났으며, 그 다음으로는 상황버섯이 37%를 보였다. ASI 7002도 양성대조구보다 높게 나타났고, 그 이외의 다른 실험구는 양성대조구인 Ascorbic acid보다 낮은 아질산염 소거능을 보였다. NO assay 실험을 한 결과, 양성대조구로 쓰인 Ascorbic acid는 항염증 효능이 55%인데 반해 ASI 7002는 78.5%로 가장 높은 항염증 효능을 보였으며, 그 다음으로 ASI 7063이 67.5%를 보였다. 기타 약용버섯류인 동충하초는 71.2%로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 노루궁뎅이 버섯은 59.7%의 소거능을 보였다. 영지버섯 ASI 7002를 에탄올 용매로 추출하여 농축한 뒤, 농도별(10, 50, $100{\mu}g/ml$)로 처리하고 LPS $10{\mu}g/ml$ 처리한 RAW 264.7 cell 에서 RNA를 추출하여 cDNA를 합성한 후 Real-time PCR kit를 이용하여 염증 관련 유전자인 iNOS와 COX-2와 TNF-a의 primer를 Table 1과 같이 제작하였고, iNOS와 COX-2와 TNF-a의 발현정도를 본 결과 세 유전자 모두 농도 의존적으로 발현이 억제되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권10호
• /
• pp.5915-5920
• /
• 2013

Aim: Although aberrant miRNA expression has been documented, altered miR-101 expression in cervical cancer and its carcinogenic effects and mechanisms remain unexplored. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of miR-101 alteration in cervical carcinogenesis. Methods: Expression of miR-101 was examined by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) in Hela cells. After modulating miR-101 expression using miR-101 mimics, cell growth, apoptosis and proliferation, and migration were tested separately by MTT or flow cytometry and cell wound healing assay and protein expression was detected by qRT-PCR. The expression of COX-2 in Hela cell was also examined by immunohistochemical staining and the correlation with miR-101 expression was analysed. Results: The miR-101 demonstrated significantly low expression in Hela cell. When we transfected miR-101 mimics into Hela cells, the modulation of miR-101 expression remarkably influenced cell proliferation, cycling and apoptosis: 1) The expression of microRNA-101 tended to increase after transfection; 2) Overexpression of miR-101 was able to promote cell apoptosis, the apoptosis rate being markedly higher (97.6%) than that seen pre-transfection (12.2%) (P<0.05); 3) The miR-101 negatively regulates cell migration and invasion, scratch results being lower ($42.7um{\pm}2um$) than that observed pre-transfection ($181.4um{\pm}2um$); 4) miRNA-101 inhibits the proliferation of Hela cells as well as the level of COX-2 protein, which was negatively correlated with miR-101 expression. Conclusions: Overexpression of miR-101 has obvious inhibitory effects on cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Thus reduced miR-101 expression could participate in the development of cervical cancer at least partly through loss of inhibition of target gene COX-2, which probably occurs in a relative late phase of carcinogenesis. Our data suggest an important role of miR-101 in the molecular etiology of cancer and indicate potential application of miR-101 in cancer therapy.

• 대한예방한의학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.9-21
• /
• 2007

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of Carthami tinctorius(HH) on osteoblast function and gene expression. The osteoblasts separated from the rat calvariae were cultivated to evaluate the cell function, and MG-63 cell was also cultivated for the test of mRNA synthesis. In this experiments, cell proliferation of rat calvarial cells was increased by HH. PKC activity, intracellular free calcium level and collgen synthesis from calvarial cells were increased by HH, but not PKA activity. And the mRNA of $PLA_2$, COX-2, and $PGE_2$ synthase from MG-63 were decreased by HH, but the mRNA of prostacyclin synthase was increased. It is concluded that HH might increase the proliferation of calvarial cell resulted from augumentation of osteoblast activity and its mRNA synthesis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제52권6호
• /
• pp.673-676
• /
• 2014

Until 2012, a total of 48 cases of diphyllobothriasis had been reported in Korea, all of which were morphologically identified as Diphyllobothrium latum. However, some of these specimens were analyzed by nucleotide sequencing of the mitochondrial cox1 gene, which showed that all were D. nihonkaiense, not D. latum. After that, 3 further cases of diphyllobothriasis were confirmed as D. nihonkaiense. In the present study, 3 new cases of D. nihonkaiense were detected from 2011 through 2013. The hosts were infected through consumption of salmonid fishes, such as the trout or salmon, and 2 of them experienced severe diarrhea prior to proglottid passage. All of the tapeworms were confirmed to be D. nihonkaiense by genetic identification. This proved again that most diphyllobothriasis in Korea have been caused by D. nihonkaiense.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.42-65
• /
• 2010

Objectives : Betula platyphylla var. japonica extract (BPE) was used to determine the modulation of cytokine secretion, the activation of inflammatory and allergic factor and the inhibition of gene expression. Inflammatory and allergic cytokines as IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-${\alpha}$, NO and COX-2 were measured to use effectively on improvement or treatment of atopic dermatitis. Methods : We used NC/Nga mouse induced by atopic dermatitis to observe the effects of BPE on the weight, water and feed, blood test, weight of organs, histological change, total IgE and histological change of main organs. Results : BPE is effective on anti-inflammatory and allergic reaction. However, further study is needed to prove which component of BPE indicates effective pharmacological action. Conclusions : The above results suggest that Phellinus igniarius Quel extract could be applicable for improvement of several skin functions.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.363-371
• /
• 2020

A taxonomic study on bdelloid rotifers collected from mosses and/or leaf litter at four different locations in Korea resulted in five new Korean records and a new species, Philodina wonkimi n. sp. Philodina wonkimi n. sp. is easily distinguished from its congeners by the very long antenna which is much longer than the height of the pseudosegment carrying a dorsal antenna in creeping. Among the five new Korean records, two species- and two subspecies-level taxa are new to Asia as well. Adineta rhomboidea Bērzinš, 1950 has been reported from only three European countries including the type locality, and is recorded outside Europe for the first time. Present study is the fourth record for Philodina eurystephana Schulte, 1954. In addition, a partial sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (mtCOX1) for P. wonkimi n. sp. is provided here.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.481-489
• /
• 2005

Lonicerae Flos has antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus, streptococci, pneumococci, Bacillus dysenterii, Salmonella typhi, and paratyphoid. It is an antiviral agent. The herb has a cytoprotective effect against $CCl_{4}-induced$ hepatic injury. It has antilipemic action, interfering with lipid absorption from the gut. Nowadays this herb is used mainly in the treatment of upper respiratory infections, such as tonsillitis and acute laryngitis. It is also used in the treatment of skin suppurations, such as carbuncles, and to treat viral conjunctivitis, influenza, pneumonia, and mastitis. Lonicerae Flos is dried flower buds of Lonicera japonica, L. hypoglauca, L. confusa, or L. dasystyla. But, for the most part, we use whole plant of Lonicera japonica, as a flower bud of it. And, little is known of the original copy of effects of whole plant, except for the 'Bon-Cho-Gang-Mok', which is written the effects of flower of Lonicera japonica are equal to effects of leaves and branch of it. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of flower and whole plant of Lonicera japonica on the regulatory mechanism of cytokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) for the immunological activities in Raw 264.7 cells. In Raw 264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic inflammation, flower and whole plant of Lonicera japonica water extracts inhibited nitric oxide production in a dose-dependent manner and abrogated iNOS and COX-2. Flower and whole plant of Lonicera japonica water extract did not affect on cell viability. To investigate the mechanism by which flower and whole plant of Lonicera japonica water extract inhibits iNOS and COX-2 gene expression, we examined the on phosphorylation of inhibitor ${\kappa}B{\alpha}$ and assessed production of $TNF-{\alpha}$, $interleukin-1{\beta}$ $(IL-1{\beta})$ and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Results provided evidence that flower and whole plant of Lonicera japonica inhibited the production of $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6 and activated the phosphorylation of inhibitor ${\kappa}B{\alpha}$ in Raw 264.7 cells activated with LPS. These findings suggest that flower and whole plant of Lonicera japonica can produce anti-inflammatory effect, which may play a role in adjunctive therapy in Gram-negative bacterial infections, respectively.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.530-536
• /
• 2008

본 연구는 재조합 단백질 생산에 흔히 사용되는 P. fluorescens에 대한 공기 중 노출 시 염증작용이 의심되는 기전을 분석하기 위하여 인체 폐포 상피세포에서의 염증성 인자들 특히 IL-8, COX-2, MIC-1의 발현을 분석하고자 하였다. 균주 P. fluorescens에 대한 인체 폐포 상피세포 A549에서의 세포증식 억제효과를 밝혔고, 상피세포의 염증성 사이토카인으로서 대표적인 인터루킨 8의 발현에 대해서 분석결과. 균주 P. fluorescens및 재조합 균주에 의해 IL-8의 분비가 진핵세포대비 세균세포숫자 의존적으로 생성량이 증대되었다. 또한 점막 상피세포의 염증성 프로스타글란딘 생성에서 핵심적인 역할을 하는 cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)에 대해서 P. fluorescens 는 COX-2의 mRNA 발현이 소량 증진되었으나 실제 단백질의 양 및 전사의 변화는 없었다. 일반적으로 단핵구의 염증성 사이토카인 생성에 대하여 억제성 작용을 하는 macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1)의 발현에 대해서 측정결과 유전자의 발현이 증대되는 효과는 미비하였으나, MIC-1 단백질의 processing에서 propeptide (${\sim}28\;kD$) 및 mature MIC-1 (${\sim}15\;kD$)로 분해 되어 MIC-1의 단백질 활성화가 증대되었다. 본 연구에서 보이는 MIC-1은 P. fluorescens에 의한 세포 생존율 억제작용에도 기여할 것으로 예측되며, IL-8에 의한 염증구의 recruitment 대한 억제작용이 예상되나, MIC-1의 활성이 과도하고 지속적으로 나타날 경우 조직의 손상도 가능성도 있다.