• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.296-304
• /
• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the association of COVID-19 vaccine attitudes and cognitions of COVID-19-related stigma with vaccine hesitancy among college students. Methods: This cross-sectional study using a web-based survey was conducted with 242 college students in April 2021 before Korea's national COVID-19 vaccination program had begun. Data were analyzed using multinominal logistic regression analyses. Results: Of the participants who were unsure of their intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, 66.0% had less experience with flu vaccinations and were 1.43 times more likely to report a mistrust of vaccine benefits (OR=1.43, CI=1.22, 1.68). Those with no intention of receiving the vaccine were 25.0% less likely to be aware of COVID-19 stigma (OR=0.75, CI=0.65, 0.86), 2.08 times more likely to mistrust vaccine benefits (OR=2.08, CI=1.62, 2.68), and 1.53 times more likely to worry about an unforeseen future negative side effects from vaccination (OR=1.53. CI=1.16, 2.00). Conclusion: Nurses could play an important role in educating college students about vaccination benefits, including reviewing vaccines' side effects with evidence, to reduce vaccine hesitancy. College students who have less empathy for others regarding COVID-19 infection might have higher COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Accordingly, explaining to students the necessity of their vaccination in preventing transmission to the surrounding community and vulnerable populations is critical.

• SUVANNABHUMI
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.149-173
• /
• 2022

Vaccine nationalism and its implications to vaccine supply were a huge concern globally when COVID-19 vaccines first became available in 2021. At the time, vaccine supply was limited and it was difficult for many countries around the world to get adequate supply of the COVID-19 vaccine to inoculate their people. At its most benign, vaccine nationalism delayed the access of poorer countries to vaccines that are widely considered as the long-term solution to the COVID-19 pandemic. Poorer countries needed to resort to diplomacy to wrangle early access to vaccine supply from vaccine-producing countries like the United States, the United Kingdom and others. In particular, Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte leveraged his country's Visiting Forces Agreement (VFA) with the United States and the need for Filipino nurses by countries like the United Kingdom and Germany to secure early access to COVID-19 vaccines. It all seems trivial now (in 2022) because of better global vaccine supply, but in 2021 when countries scrambled for access to scarce COVID-19 vaccines, Rodrigo Duterte leveraged the Philippines' assets to gain early access to vaccine supply.

• Korean journal of aerospace and environmental medicine
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.13-16
• /
• 2021

The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccine is expected to play an important role in stopping the pandemic. Studies show that COVID-19 vaccines are effective at keeping you from getting COVID-19. Getting a COVID-19 vaccine will also help keep you from getting seriously ill even if you do get COVID-19. Efforts to find an effective vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 have progressed unprecedentedly through active support from public research grants and private-public partnership programs. Clinical studies have been actively conducted, and some vaccines are being vaccinated with approval for urgent use. The WHO has approved and supplied the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine and the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. In Korea, the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine was approved for urgent use, and vaccination began on February 26, 2021. In this paper, the efficacy and side effects of each vaccines and the effect on pilots and air traffic controllers related to COVID-19 vaccination were investigated in terms of aviation medicine.

• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.67-82
• /
• 2022

The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 led to inconsistent public health policies that resulted in COVID-19 containment failure. These factors resulted in increased hospitalization and death. To prevent viral spread and achieve herd immunity, the only safe and effective measure is to provide to vaccinates. Ever since the release of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleotide sequence in January of 2020, research centers and pharmaceutical companies from many countries have developed different types of vaccines including mRNA, recombinant protein, and viral vector vaccines. Prior to initiating vaccinations, phase 3 clinical trials are necessary. However, no vaccine has yet to complete a phase 3 clinical trial. Many products obtained "emergency use authorization" from governmental agencies such as WHO, FDA etc. The Korean government authorized the use of five different vaccines. The viral vector vaccine of Oxford/AstraZeneca and the Janssen showed effectiveness of 76% and 66.9%, respectively. The mRNA vaccine of Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna showed effectiveness of 95% and 94.1%, respectively. The protein recombinant vaccine of Novavax showed an effectiveness of 90.4%. In this review, we compared the characteristics, production platform, synthesis principles, authorization, protective effects, immune responses, clinical trials and adverse effects of five different vaccines currently used in Korea. Through this review, we conceptualize the importance of selecting the optimal vaccine to prevent the COVID-19 pandemic.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.20-35
• /
• 2022

COVID-19 vaccines have been developed worldwide in order to prevent the spread of coronavirus infection-19, but some people tend to refuse to be vaccinated against COVID-19. Therefore, we will investigate how people's understanding of COVID-19 vaccines affects their attitude to accept COVID-19 vaccination information. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the determinants that affect the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine through the informational characteristics of COVID-19 vaccine and the individual health belief theory. This study conducted an offline survey of 215 adult men and women living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do Province during the period from September 1 to September 10, 2022, and we have conducted a final analysis using a total of 212 questionnaires. The results of our study were as follows. First, among the information characteristics of COVID-19 vaccine, it was confirmed that the amount of information had a significant positive effect on susceptibility, severity, and barriers in health belief theory, respectively. Second, among the information characteristics of COVID-19 vaccine, it was found that the quality of information had a significant positive effect on the susceptibility in health belief theory. Third, susceptibility and barriers in the health belief theory significantly had a positive effect on voluntary attitude and involuntary attitude in acceptance attitude, respectively. And finally, it was found that the severity of the health belief theory had a positive effect on the involuntary attitude in acceptance attitude. The results of this study suggest that policy efforts are needed to make accurate information about COVID-19 vaccine known to the people.

• Health Policy and Management
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.431-432
• /
• 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been going on for nearly a year. As of December 1, 2020, more than 60 million confirmed cases and 1.4 million deaths have occurred in 220 countries and territories. There is no effective treatment for COVID-19 so far, and vaccines are being developed. However, the vaccine of COVID-19 can be freed from COVID-19 only if there are positive answers to some questions: "Aren't there any major side effects from the vaccine?"; "Is the vaccine effective for enough time?"; "Does the vaccine sufficiently reduce the mortality rate?"; and "Does the vaccine sufficiently reduce the reproduction number?" The fight against COVID-19 will continue for a long time. Therefore, we need to respond by developing the evidence for control of COVID-19, the emerging infectious disease. Extensive quarantine measures in the early stages of COVID-19 need to be elaborated through developing the evidence. Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency should establish a database for evidence developing COVID-19 control. In this database, based on more than 3 million tested individuals, epidemiological investigation results, health insurance claims data, and government data such as the Ministry of Public Administration and Security, etc. should be linked. It is necessary to disclose this database to academia, etc. to create the evidences of COVID-19 and manage COVID-19 through these. And through the developed evidences, guidelines for physical health and mental health in the era of Corona 19 should be developed.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.185-193
• /
• 2021

This study conducted a survey using Google Survey targeting 415 college students over the age of 20 to investigate college students' perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccine. As a result, the average result of 'I think the COVID-19 vaccination is necessary' for herd immunity was 3.90, and 65.8% of the 'necessity of vaccination' recognized the 'necessity of vaccination', but 35.4% negatively evaluated 'the safety of the vaccine'. showed. As for the intention to vaccinate against COVID-19, 34.7% said 'I will vaccinate as soon as the order arrives'. This showed that the current COVID-19 vaccination is not positive. As the reasons for not wanting to be vaccinated, 65.3% answered 'adverse reaction to the vaccine' and 25.8% 'distrust of the vaccine itself'. In addition, they perceived the vaccine supply between developed and underdeveloped countries as unequal, and the average was 3.94, indicating that they were afraid of adverse reactions to the COVID-19 vaccine. Therefore, in order to more effectively acquire information about the COVID-19 vaccine, research, platform development, and education on publicity methods through the media frequently used by college students are required.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2021

COVID-19 has caused extensive human casualties with significant economic impacts around the globe, and has imposed new challenges on health systems worldwide. Over the past decade, SARS, Ebola, and Zika also led to significant concerns among the scientific community. Interestingly, the SARS and Zika epidemics ended before vaccine development; however, the scholarly community and the pharmaceutical companies responded very quickly at that time. Similarly, when the genetic sequence of SARS-CoV-2 was revealed, global vaccine companies and scientists have stepped forward to develop a vaccine, triggering a race toward vaccine development that the whole world is relying on. Similarly, an effective and safe vaccine could play a pivotal role in eradicating COVID-19. However, few important questions regarding SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development are explored in this review.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.384-400
• /
• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate COVID-19 vaccination intention among college students in Korea and verify the factors influencing vaccination. Methods: From April 28 to May 3, 2021, an online survey was conducted on a total of 323 college students. Measures included the 5C scale and the vaccine literacy scale. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination intention among students. Results: Among the respondents, 47.7% had the intention to receive the vaccine following the government vaccination plan. Influencing factors of intention to COVID-19 vaccination included the higher level of confidence and collective responsibility and the lower level of constraints and calculation. However, vaccine literacy, socio-demographics, the influence of others, the contents and main source of information about the COVID-19 vaccine, health status and COVID-19-related experiences did not influence the intention to vaccination. The content analysis on self-reported reasons for the decreased vaccination intention resulted in three main categories, including "anxiety about the vaccine", "distrust in the government" and "no need of vaccination." Conclusion: In order to increase COVID-19 vaccination acceptance among college students and form herd immunity, it is necessary to increase the trust in vaccines and emphasize the importance of herd immunity.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.14-21
• /
• 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has been rampant since the end of 2019, has evidently affected pain management in clinical practice. Fortunately, a COVID-19 vaccination program is currently in progress worldwide. There is an ongoing discussion that pain management using steroid injections can decrease COVID-19 vaccine efficacy, although currently there is no direct evidence to support this statement. As such, the feeling of pain in patients is doubled in addition to the co-existing ill-effects of social isolation associated with the pandemic. Thus, in the COVID-19 era, it has become necessary that physicians be able to provide high quality pain management without negatively impacting COVID-19 vaccine efficacy. Steroids can alter the entire process involved in the generation of adaptive immunity after vaccination. The period of hypophysis-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression is known to be 1 to 4 weeks after steroid injection, and although the exact timing for peak efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines is slightly different for each vaccine, the average is approximately 2 weeks. It is suggested to avoid steroid injections for a total of 4 weeks (1 week before and after the two vaccine doses) for the double-shot vaccines, and for 2 weeks in total (1 week before and after vaccination) for a single-shot vaccine. This review focuses on the basic concepts of the various COVID-19 vaccines, the effect of steroid injections on vaccine efficacy, and suggestions regarding an appropriate interval between the administration of steroid injections and the COVID-19 vaccine.