• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.171-180
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• 2019

Objectives : Although the tonification and sedation method such as mountain-burning fire method and heaven-penetrating cooling method, is one of the important techniques that have been claimed to increase the effect of acupuncture, research on this has been sparse. The aim of this study is to provide an understanding of tonification and sedation methods in the "Yeongsochimgugyeong". Methods : We analyzed the similarities and differences by comparing the contents of the tonification and sedation method described in books "Yeongsochimgugyeon" and "Complete Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion" Results : A total of 28 out of the 33 tonification and sedation methods described in "Yeongsochimgugyeon" were compared with those in "Complete Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion". As a result, we found that many of the tonification and sedation methods recorded in "Yeongsochimgugyeon" were based on more detailed and specific clinical cases. Conclusions : The tonification and sedation methods in "Yeongsochimgugyeon" were not only descriptive and consistent in describing that methods, but also contains valuable information for clinical use. In the future, based on this research, we will be able to clinically implement these tonification and sedation methods and quantitatively evaluate them.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Mechanical Technology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.917-923
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• 2018

The drinking water supply system applicable to the laying hen consists of air-water heat pumps, drinking water tanks, heat stroage tank, circulation pumps, PE pipes, nipples, and control panels. When the heat pump system has power of 7.7 to 8.7 kW per hour, the performance coefficient is between 3.1 and 3.5. The supply temperature from the heat pump to the heat stroage tank was stabilized at about $12{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, but the return temperature showed a variation of from 8 to $14^{\circ}C$. Stratified temperature in the storage tank appeared at $12.^{\circ}C$, $13.5^{\circ}C$ and $14.4^{\circ}C$, respectively. The drinking water supply temperature remained set at $15^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$, and the conventional tap water showed a variation for $23^{\circ}C$ to $30^{\circ}C$. As chickens grow older, the amount of food intake and drinking water increased. $y=-0.0563x^2+4.7383x+8.743$, $R^2=0.98$ and the feed intake showed $y=-0.1013x^2+8.5611x$. In the future, further studies will need to figure out the cooling effect on heat stress of livestock.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.27-37
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• 2019

This study focused on the possibility of reducing the cooling load through the change of micro climate in the outdoor space during summer season. This study proposes an efficient planning model by comparing the effects of urban heat island mitigation through wind path planning, outdoor space vegetation, and exterior material change by using the basic model of the street-oriented block housing proposed in the previous research by the same author. As a result, the most effective wind path planning strategy in the street-oriented block housing was the change of the air flow through the mass height adjustment. When the tall building masses were staggered and arranged in a balanced manner, the overall wind environment could be improved. The greater the height difference between low and high masses, the better the air flow was shown. It was also important to arrange the building masses so that the inlet of the main wind was open and to allow the external space to connect to the adjacent block to create a continuous flow. The change of outdoor space vegetation and flooring, and the formation of wind paths through the opening of lower part also showed the effect of heat island reduction. In addition, the change of PMV in summer was the biggest influence of shadow by tall building mass. Attention should be paid to the fact that high-albedo exterior materials are adversely affected by multiple reflections in dense street-oriented block housing. The use of albedo of the exterior material showed that it is necessary to pay attention to apply in the high density block housing. This is attributed to the rise of the temperature due to the absorption of energy into the low-albedo flooring, where the high-albedo exterior causes multiple reflections.

• Current Applied Physics
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1523-1527
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• 2018

The thermal stability, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of $Gd_{55}Co_{35}M_{10}$ (M = Si, Zr and Nb) melts-pun ribbons were studied. The relatively high reduced glass transition temperature ($T_{x1}/T_m$ > 0.60) and low melting point ($T_m$) resulted in excellent glass forming ability (GFA). The Curie temperatures ($T_C$) of melt-spun amorphous ribbons $Gd_{55}Co_{35}M_{10}$ for M = Si, Zr and Nb were 166, 148 and 173 K, respectively. For a magnetic field change of 2 T, the values of maximum magnetic entropy change $(-{\Delta}S_M)^{max}$ for $Gd_{55}Co_{35}Si_{10}$, $Gd_{55}Co_{35}Zr_{10}$ and $Gd_{55}Co_{35}Nb_{10}$ were found to be 2.86, 4.28 and $4.05J\;kg^{-1}K^{-1}$, while the refrigeration capacity (RC) values were 154, 274 and $174J\;kg^{-1}$, respectively. The $RC_{FWHM}$ values of amorphous alloys $Gd_{55}Co_{35}M_{10}$ (M = Si, Zr and Nb) are comparable to or larger than that of $LaFe_{11.6}Si_{1.4}$ crystalline alloy. Large values of $(-{\Delta}S_M)^{max}$ and RC along with good thermal stability make $Gd_{55}Co_{35}M_{10}$ (M = Si, Zr and Nb) amorphous alloys be potential materials for magnetic cooling operating in a wide temperature range from 150 to 175 K, e.g., as part of a gas liquefaction process.

• Journal of the Korean Physical Society
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• v.73 no.12
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• pp.1821-1826
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• 2018

Uniformity is a key feature of state-of-the-art infrared focal planed array (IRFPA) and infrared imaging system. Unlike traditional infrared telescope facility, a ground-based infrared radiant characteristics measurement system with an IRFPA not only provides a series of high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) infrared image but also ensures the validity of radiant measurement data. Normally, a long integration time tends to produce a high SNR infrared image for infrared radiant characteristics radiometry system. In view of the variability of and uncertainty in the measured target's energy, the operation of switching the integration time and attenuators usually guarantees the guality of the infrared radiation measurement data obtainted during the infrared radiant characteristics radiometry process. Non-uniformity correction (NUC) coefficients in a given integration time are often applied to a specified integration time. If the integration time is switched, the SNR for the infrared imaging will degenerate rapidly. Considering the effect of the SNR for the infrared image and the infrared radiant characteristics radiometry above, we propose a-wide-dynamic-range NUC algorithm. In addition, this essasy derives and establishes the mathematical modal of the algorithm in detail. Then, we conduct verification experiments by using a ground-based MWIR(Mid-wave Infared) radiant characteristics radiometry system with an Ø400 mm aperture. The experimental results obtained using the proposed algorithm and the traditional algorithm for different integration time are compared. The statistical data shows that the average non-uniformity for the proposed algorithm decreased from 0.77% to 0.21% at 2.5 ms and from 1.33% to 0.26% at 5.5 ms. The testing results demonstrate that the usage of suggested algorithm can improve infrared imaging quality and radiation measurement accuracy.

• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2009

This work presents functionally graded coatings (FGC) of hydroxyapatite (HA) and metallic powders on Ti-6Al-4V implants using plasma spray coating method. HA has been the most frequently used coating material due to its excellent compatibility with human bones. However, because of the abrupt changes in thermomechanical properties between HA and the metallic implant across an interface, and residual stress induced on cooling from coating temperture to room temperature, debonding at the interface occurs in use sometimes. In this work, FGC of HA and Ti or Ti-alloy powders is made to mitigate the abrupt property changes at the interface and the effect of FGC on residual stress release is investigated by evaluating the mechanical bond strength between the implant and the HA coating layers. Thermal annealing is done after coating in order to crystallize the HA coating layer which tends to have amorphous structure during thermal spray coating. The effects of types and compositional ratio of metallic powders in FGC and annealing conditions on the bond strength are also evaluated by strength tests and the microstructure analysis of coating layers and interfaces. Finally, biocompatibility of the coating layers are tested under ISO 10993-5.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.211-218
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop how to extract essential oil from heartwood of chamaecyparis obtusa and commercialize eco-friendly products using essential oil. Manufacturing process consisted of 8 steps: pulverization, input, pretreatment, extraction(steam distillation), steam emission, cooling, separation, aging. Through the method developed in this study, chamaecyparis obtusa oil with excellent quality in antibacterial effect can be extracted with high productivity. Also, chamaecyparis obtusa spray using this oil had good antibacterial and deodorant effects, and got no irritation results in the clinical test. To commercialize spray, we built a commercial website and performed consumer survey on the site. The survey results showed that respondents had positive attitude toward the products and their messages in the site. When the production standardization through precise quality control and the optimization of composition ratio are accomplished, this study will contribute to commercialize various types of cosmetics and quasi-drugs.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.411-421
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• 2022

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the degree of heat generation when a novel drill design with an irrigation slot was used with metal sleeve-free (MF) and metal sleeve-incorporated (MI) surgical guides in an environment similar to that of the actual oral cavity. Methods: A typodont with a missing mandibular right first molar and 21 bovine rib blocks were used. Three-dimensional-printed MF and MI surgical guides, designed for the placement of internal tapered implant fixtures, were used with slot and non-slot drills. The following groups were compared: group 1, MI surgical guide with slot drill; group 2, MI surgical guide with a non-slot drill; and group 3, MF surgical guide with a slot drill. A constant-temperature water bath at 36℃ was used. The drilling was performed in 6 stages, and the initial, highest, and lowest temperatures of the cortical bone were measured at each stage using a non-contact infrared thermometer. Results: There were no temperature increases above the initial temperature in any drilling procedure. The only significant difference between the non-slot and slot groups was observed with the use of the first drill in the MI group, with a higher temperature in the non-slot group (P=0.012). When the heat generation during the first and the second drilling was compared in the non-slot group, the heat generation during the first drilling was significantly higher (P<0.001), and there was no significant difference in heat generation between the drills in the slot group. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, implant-site preparation with the surgical guide showed no critical increase in the temperature of the cortical bone, regardless of whether there was a slot in the drill. In particular, the slotted drill had a cooling effect during the initial drilling.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.534-540
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• 2022

Liquid hydrogen has the best storage capacity per unit mass and is economical among storage methods for using hydrogen as fuel. As the demand for hydrogen increases, the need to develop a storage and supply system of liquid hydrogen is emphasizing. In order to liquefy hydrogen, it is necessary to pre-cool it to a maximum inversion temperature of -253℃. The Gifford-McMahon (GM) refrigerator is the most reliable and commercialized refrigerator among small-capacity cryogenic refrigerators, which can extract high-efficiency hydrogen through liquefied hydrogen production and boil of gas re-liquefaction. Therefore, in this study, the optimal conditions for liquefying gas hydrogen were sought using the GM cryocooler. The process was simulated by PRO/II under various cooling capacities of the GM refrigerator. In addition, the flow rate of hydrogen was calculated by comparing with specific refrigerator capacity depending on the pressure and flow rate of a refrigerant medium, helium. Simulations were performed to investigate the optimal values of the liquefaction flow rate and compression pressure, which aim for the peak refrigeration effect. Based on this, a liquefaction system can be selected in consideration of the cycle configuration and the performance of the refrigerator.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.90-98
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• 2022

The output of an infrared (IR) sensor mounted on an EO/IR payload is known to change during a mission period in an orbital environment. As it is required to calibrate the output of the IR sensor periodically to obtain high-quality images, an on-board black body system is mounted on the payload. All systems operating in the space environment require performance tests on ground to verify the target performance in the orbital environment. Therefore, it is also required to test the black body system to verify the performance of the surface temperature uniformity and the estimated representative temperature error within the target temperature range in the operating environment. In this study, calibration of the estimated representative temperature error and verification of the thermal performance of the black body system were conducted by performed a performance test in the thermal vacuum chamber applying deep space radiation cooling effect of an orbital environment.