• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.46-50
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• 1991

The Frictional behavior in single crystal (111) p-type silicon as influenced by electolytic solutions have been studied. Linear scratching by diamond indentor was carried out to show the variation of friction between silicon and diamond indentor immersed in electrolytic solutions. The results indicate that concentration of the solutions influence the fricational coefficient. In addition there is a correlation between measured zeta-potential and frictional coefficients. The zeta-potential in various concentrations was measured to estimate the variation of the Peierls energy. The proposed model predicts a minimum frictional coefficient near a concentration of $10^{-3}$ M/l NaOH in deionized water and explains the chemomechanical effect observed in this study.

• 물과 미래
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.133-146
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• 1995

본 연구에서는 한강 하류부(팔당댐-인도교) 구간의 하도에 대한 Manning 조도계수를 1차원 부정류 모형인 NETWORK을 이용하여 산정하였다. 전체 구간을 팔당댐-광장, 잠수교-인도교등 두 구간으로 구분하고 과거 홍수사상자료를 이용하여 유량 규모별로 조도계수를 구하였다. 산정된 조도계수를 기존 연구결과와 비교하였으며 조도계수의 변화에 따른 수위의 변화를 검토하였다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.508-513
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• 2007

The electrical properties and stability of $ZnO-Pr_6O_{11}-CoO-Cr_2O_3-based$ varistors were investigated for different $Tb_4O_{11}$ amounts in the range of $0{\sim}1.0\;mol%$. As the $Tb_4O_{11}$ amount increased, the sintered density increased in the range of $99.1{\sim}101.1%$ of theoretical density and the average grain size decreased in the range of $7.7{\sim}4.8{\mu}m$. The varistor voltage increased in the range of $280.9{\sim}715.8V/mm$ and the nonlinear coefficient increased in the range of $26.4{\sim}44.4$ with the increased of $Tb_4O_{11}$ amount. The 0.25 mol% $Tb_4O_{11}$-doped varistors exhibited the high electrical stability, with -0.1% in variation rate of varistor voltage, -0.7% in variation rate of nonlinear coefficient, and +17.4% in variation rate of leakage current for specified dc accelerated aging stress of $0.95V_{1mA}/150^{\circ}C/24h$.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.101-112
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• 2007

This study has used RMA2 model and RMA4 model, which are depth-averaged two-dimensional flow and water-quality prediction models, to analyze the variation of the water-quality by the gates operation in the Seonakdong River. Sensitivity analysis is performed to get the Manning coefficient and the coefficient of eddy viscosity for RMA2 model, and to get the diffusion coefficient for RMA4 model. Since the numerical simulation using RMA2 and RMA4 models did not consider tributary pollutant load except for that of Joman River, it could make a little difference from the natural phenomenon. Nevertheless, the numerical simulation shows that the discharge of $30m^3/s$, which is the continuous inflow from the Daedong-gate, can make it possible to achieve the target water-quality (BOD 4.3mg/L) of Nakbon-N watershed about 10 days later if the Daejeo-gate could remain opened in connection with the Noksan-gate operation.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.37-47
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• 1990

In accordance with the high precision of mechanical elements, it has been required to high precision in surface roughness measurement and, therefore, stylus tip radius is manufa- ctured less than 2 .mu. m through ion sputter machining. In this experiment, by suing ion sputter machined stylus pf fine tip, radius and lapping machined stylus, surface roughness of standard specimens, silicon wafer were measured and then Rmax, Ra, RMS value were investi- gatedaccording to the variation of tip radius of stylus. As a result, measuring error due to the variation of stylus tip radius in surface roughness measurement was decreased by using ion sputter machined stylus and also the measuring accuracy was improved. And the measuring variation of Ra, RMS calculated from correlation coefficient lager than 0.9 on the wave of short period and amplitude using ion sputter machined stylus of fine tip radius.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.76-84
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• 1986

Analyses of lead and zinc were made by means of standard addition method using atomic absorption spectrophotometer(Baird Ltd., Model A5100) with flameless method for lead and flame method for zinc. The blood samples used were merely diluted with triton x-100, because it was simple, rapid and minimal risk of contamination. Mean recovery rate for lead added to the blood ranged from 97.7 to 101.3% with coefficient of variation ranging from 1.9 to 10.7%, and that for the added zinc ranged from 99.0 to 102.2% with coefficient of variation ranging from 2.1 to 9.1%. In repeated measurements of zinc in the blood, good reproducibility and interindividual variation were proved(p<0.01). In comparison of the lead and zinc concentrations in the blood determined by the standard addition method and standard method, there were good correlations between 2 sets of data (r=0.9731 for lead and r=0.9785 for zinc), although lead levels were estimated higher by the former method(p<0.01) and zinc levels by the latter method(p<0.01). It can be concluded that lead and zinc levels in blood standard addition method is reliable for determination of lead and zinc in the blood with good accuracy and reproducibility.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.313-321
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• 2010

The coefficient of variation represents the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean, and it is a useful statistic for comparing the degree of variation from one data series to another, even if the means are drastically different from each other. Recently, the CV control chart is developed for monitoring processes in such situations. However, the CV control chart has low performance in detecting small shift. Due to the development of equipment and technique, currently, small shift of process occurs more frequently than large shift. In this paper, we proposes the CV-CUSUM control chart using CUSUM scheme which is cumulative sum of the deviations between each data point and a target value to detect a small shift in the process. We also found that the FIR(fast initial response) CUSUM control chart is especially valuable at start-up or after a CV-CUSUM control chart has signaled out-of-control.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.513-521
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• 2014

일반적으로 현 시점에서 목표로 하고 있는 추정량의 산포가 지난시점의 추정량의 산포보다 크다면 지난시점과 비교하여 현 시점의 표본의 크기는 줄어드는 것이 타당하다. 계속조사에서 지난 시점의 추정량의 변동계수와 모집단의 크기 변동과 현 시점의 추정량의 목표오차를 이용하여 표본의 크기를 결정하는 것을 연구한 여러 논문들이 있다. 그런데 모집단은 크기의 변동과 산포의 변동이 있을 수 있으므로 본 연구에서는 지난 시점의 추정량의 변동계수와 모집단의 크기, 모집단의 산포 변동과 현 시점의 추정량의 목표오차를 반영하여 현 시점의 표본의 크기를 구하는 문제를 연구한다. 또한 모의실험을 통하여 기존 표본크기의 공식들과 비교분석한다.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.439-445
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• 2014

Changes in the accuracy of the geometrical shape after a surface treatment are often very large due to the variation of the deformation mechanisms such as edge draw-in and the variation in springback caused by the reduction in the coefficient of friction between the tool and the blank. In the present study, the resulting shape accuracy due to the changes in deformation is quantitatively examined in order to predict the variation and to remove any undesirable additional tool compensation for the center pillar member made from steel with a UTS of 980MPa. The study examines important process parameters that are closely related with the edge draw-in such as the blank holding force, the contact status between the tool and the blank and the friction coefficient. The proposed method is applied within the finite element analysis of the stamping process for tools after a surface treatment and the amount of edge draw-in and flush values are compared between the analysis and experiments. The results demonstrate that the proposed quantification and finite element scheme are applicable to complicated tool compensation procedures and compensation can be designed effectively.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1186-1191
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• 2004

ZnO varistor ceramics which were fabricated with variation of added of 0.5～1.0 mol% Co$_3$O$_4$, were sintered at 1150 $^{\circ}C$. In the specimen added 0.7 mol% Co$_3$O$_4$, sintered density was 6.03 g/㎤ and electrical properties were superior to any other compositions. The nonlinear coefficient a and clamping voltage ratio were 83 and 1.35, respectively. But, endurance surge current in the specimen added 0.5 mol% Co$_3$O$_4$ was 7000 A/$\textrm{cm}^2$, and deviation of varistor voltage was Δ-3.23 %. As P.C.T and T.C.T environmental test were succeed in all specimens, and deviation of varistor voltage in the specimen added 0.6 mol% Co$_3$O$_4$ was Δ-0.81 %. All specimens showed good leakage current property on the High Temperature Continuous Load Test(HTCLT) for 1000 hr at 85 $^{\circ}C$ and variation rate of the varistor voltage below Δ-2.0 %.