• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2012

Syngas combustion characteristics of mass produced oxygen carrier particle (OCN706-1100) were investigated in a pressurized fluidized bed reactor using simulated syngas and air as reactants for reduction and oxidation, respectively. The oxygen carrier showed high fuel conversion, high $CO_2$ selectivity, and low CO concentration at reduction conditions and no NO emission at oxidation conditions. Moreover, OCN706-1100 particle showed good regeneration ability during successive reduction-oxidation cyclic tests up to the 10th cycle. Fuel conversion and $CO_2$ selectivity decreased and CO emission increased as temperature increased. These results can be explained by trend of calculated equilibrium CO concentration with temperature. However, fuel conversion and $CO_2$ selectivity increased and CO emission decreased as pressure and gas residence time increased.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2011

This study was suggested to develop sustainable durability design system and proposed the plan to evaluate design conditions that meet the intended service life and $LCCO_{2}$ reduction level of reinforced concrete structure easily from the early design stage. For that the W/B and covering depth of the concrete structure were calculated through calculation of service life based on standard specification expression and the quantitative reduction rate of the vertical member of reinforced concrete structure by the calculated W/B was applied. Life cycle of building classified into construction stage, operation stage, maintenance stage, and demolition/disposal stage and the method of $CO_{2}$ evaluation of each stage was proposed. For construction stage, the major construction materials that take up over 80% $CO_{2}$ emitting during building construction were selected and the $CO_{2}$ evaluation method for 5 standard apartment houses was proposed. Also, for operation stage, $CO_{2}$ emission was calculated through calculation of heating load by energy efficiency rating certification system. For maintenance stage, $CO_{2}$ emission was calculated using concept of re-construction by life and for demolition/disposal stage was calculated with the use of construction standard estimate. As a result of the case study by such evaluation methods, 80 years of service life and 17 specifications of sustainable durability design that meet the 40% intended $LCCO_{2}$ reduction level were deduced. The Maximum $LCCO_{2}$ reduction rate was analyzed by 47.2%.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1750-1756
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• 2011

After Kyoto Protocol was adopted for green gas reduction, each nations are stepping up efforts to reduce $CO_2$ of a typical green gas. Construction industry also is trying $CO_2$ reduction with the techniques of two types which are software and hardware techniques. The software technique are Passive Design considered green gas emission and the environment impact assessment by LCA. The hardware techniques are adjustment of equipment system and development of eco- friendly material. But, it is nonexistent that a study related to $CO_2$ emission considered detail process in construction industry. This study analyzed the relativeness of equipment combination and $CO_2$ emission by calculate $CO_2$ emission follow to equipment combination on earth-work which is the process emitted most $CO_2$ among railway bedding construction.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.821-824
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• 2009

LFG-MGT CHP system development project with $CO_2$ enrichment in greenhouses was introduced. LFG is produced from the anaerobic digestion of landfilled waste and it has been utilized for power/heat generation since it contains around 50% of $CH_4$. Utilization of LFG from small scale landfill is also needed as well as large scale landfill. However, due to economy of scale, it is very difficult to develop business model. In this context, combining CHP system with greenhouses is considered as feasible option for LFG utilization. LFG-MGT CHP system with $CO_2$ fixation in greenhouses has been derived as an active greenhouse gas reduction strategy, The focus of the system is beyond carbon neutral LFG utilization to neutral carbon absorption. The system is feasible in terms of direct and indirect $CO_2$ emission reduction with more economical way.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2018년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.35-36
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• 2018

According to the nation's greenhouse gas emission statistics, greenhouse gas emissions have been stiffly increasing. Accordingly, the importance of CO₂ reduction is more getting focused over the world. This trend makes the construction equipment be considered as a major target of reduction due to the large volume of emission. This study suggests the feasible methodology for estimating CO₂ emission from construction equipment and for being easily applied on the job sites. The methodology is based on the collection from the segmented CO₂ emission information of construction equipment. This study allows site personnels to estimate the total amount of CO₂ and to take appropriate actions for reasching the environmental regulations.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.280-287
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 대학 캠퍼스 단위에서의 온실가스 인벤토리 구축을 위해 한양대학교 안산캠퍼스를 대상으로 직접 배출원(도시가스, 실내등유, 이동연소), 간접 배출원(전력), 기타 배출원(항공, 수도) 세 부분으로 온실가스 배출원을 규명하였으며, 2007년부터 2009년까지 온실가스 배출원별 에너지 사용량에 따른 온실가스 배출량을 산정하였다. 그 결과, 전체 온실가스 배출영역 중 가장 많은 부분을 차지하는 것은 간접배출의 전력부문으로 전체 온실가스 배출량의 56.7% 차지하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 대학본부에서 수행 가능한 온실가스 감축시나리오 및 학교구성원이 수행 가능한 온실가스 감축 실천시나리오를 대학환경에 적합하게 설계한 후 LEAP 모델을 이용하여 2007년부터 2020년까지의 온실가스 감축잠재량을 평가하였다. 그 결과, 감축시나리오 적용시 2020년 BAU(배출전망치) 대비 2020년에는 직접배출 중 고정연소에서 63.34 ton $CO_{2eq}/yr$, 이동연소에서 221.1 ton $CO_{2eq}/yr$ 감축되었으며, 간접배출 중 조명에서는 4,637.34 ton $CO_{2eq}/yr$ 온실가스가 감축되는 것으로 산출되었다. 또한, 실천시나리오를 통한 온실가스 감축잠재량은 1293.76 ton $CO_{2eq}/yr$으로 산출되었다. 따라서, 한양대학교 안산 캠퍼스에 감축 실천 시나리오를 모두 적용한다면 2020년에는 2020년 BAU 대비 온실가스를 총 24% 감축할 수 있을 것으로 추정된다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제30권11호
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• pp.581-588
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• 2020

Reducing CO₂ into high value fuels and chemicals is considered a great challenge in the 21st century. Efficiently activating CO₂ will lead to an important way to utilize it as a resource. This article reviews the latest progress of g-C₃N₄ based catalysts for CO₂ reduction. The different synthetic methods of g-C₃N₄ are briefly discussed. Article mainly introduces methods of g-C₃N₄ shape control, element doping, and use of oxide compounds to modify g-C₃N₄. Modified g-C₃N₄ has more reactive sites, which can significantly reduce the probability of photogenerated electron hole recombination and improve the performance of photocatalytic CO₂ reduction. Considering the literature, the hydrothermal method is widely used because of its simple equipment and process and easy control of reaction conditions. It is foreseeable that hydrothermal technology will continue to innovate and usher in a new period of development. Finally, the prospect of a future reduction of CO₂ by g-C₃N₄-based catalysts is predicted.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1996-2002
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• 2007

The redox behavior of a [Ni6(μ3-Se)2(μ4-Se)3(Fe(η 5-C5H4P-Ph2)2)3] (= [Ni-Se-dppf], dppf = 1,1-bis(diphenylphosphino) ferrocene) cluster was studied using platinum (Pt) and glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) in nonaqueous media. The cluster showed electrochemical activity at the potential range between +1.6 and ?1.6 V. In the negative region (0 to ?1.6 V), the cluster exhibited two-step reductions. The first step was one-electron reversible, while the second step was a five-electron quasi-reversible process. On the other hand, in the positive region (0 to +1.6 V), the first step involved one-electron quasi-reversible process. The applicability of the cluster was found towards the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 and was evaluated by experiments using rotating ring disc electrode (RRDE). RRDE experiments demonstrated that two electrons were involved in the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO at the Se-Ni-dppf-modified electrode.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.461-471
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• 2018

In this study, the deforestation and forest degradation areas have been obtained in Myanmar using a land cover lamp (LCM) and a tree cover map (TCM) to get the $CO_2$ potential reduction and the strength of occurrence was evaluated by using the geostatistical technique. By applying a multiple criteria decision-making method to the regions having high strength of occurrence for the $CO_2$ potential reduction for the deforestation and forest degradation areas, the priority was selected for candidate lands for REDD+ project. The areas of deforestation and forest degradation were 609,690ha and 43,515ha each from 2010 to 2015. By township, Mong Kung had the highest among the area of deforestation with 3,069ha while Thlangtlang had the highest in the area of forest degradation with 9,213 ha. The number of $CO_2$ potential reduction hotspot areas among the deforestation areas was 15, taking up the $CO_2$ potential reduction of 192,000 ton in average, which is 6 times higher than that of all target areas. Especially, the township of Hsipaw inside the Shan region had a $CO_2$ potential reduction of about 772,000 tons, the largest reduction potential among the hotpot areas. There were many $CO_2$ potential reduction hot spot areas among the forest degradation area in the eastern part of the target region and has the $CO_2$ potential reduction of 1,164,000 tons, which was 27 times higher than that of the total area. AHP importance analysis showed that the topographic characteristic was 0.41 (0.40 for height from surface, 0.29 for the slope and 0.31 for the distance from water area) while the geographical characteristic was 0.59 (0.56 for the distance from road, 0.56 for the distance from settlement area and 0.19 for the distance from Capital). Yawunghwe, Kalaw, and Hsi Hseng were selected as the preferred locations for the REDD+ candidate region for the deforestation area while Einme, Tiddim, and Falam were selected as the preferred locations for the forest degradation area.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2016

This study has conducted greenhouse gas emission reduction test as using Oyster-shells originated PCC paper filler compare to non-Oyster shells used PCC. This examination was estimated and calculated in accordance with both IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) and World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBSCD). The greenhouse gas emission reduction estimation result indicates that, when oyster shells are recycled and used as paper filler, it reduces $27.97tCO_2\;per\;100\;ton$ of oyster shells. It is greenhouse gas emission $44.27tCO_2$ from PCC production changed to carbon emission reduction when replaced with oyster shell. LNG greenhouse gas emission $16.3tCO_2$ in relation to the pre-treatment with oyster shell per 100 ton is also reflected. As a result, it is assumed that roughly $0.2797tCO_2/oyster\;shell{\cdot}ton$.