• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.10-17
• /
• 2016

Domestic CM market has continued to grow since the enactment of CM policies in 1996. In addition, future CM market is forecasted to have potential high growth. Therefore, it is necessary to apply various CM business models reflecting the owner's requirements and characteristics in order to improve in the CM industry and to strengthen the competitiveness in the overseas construction market. In this context, the purpose of this study is to suggest strategies of various CM applications based on comparison of 4 cases analyzed by 'business weight' and 'business depth' in terms of business function as well as by the types of 'CM market' and 'CM practice'. Result of this comparative analysis shows that each case presents differences in terms of type, business weight, and business depth of CM practice. However, domestic public CM services are currently being challenged to strengthen capability throughout the project life-cycle against the limitation of government's CM policies focused on the construction supervision. In order to address this problem, this study proposes the strategies of various CM applciations from several different perspectives

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• autumn
• /
• pp.337-340
• /
• 2003

Currently the number of project ordered as Construction Management is increasing. In advanced country, critical success factor of construction industry and case study is used for increasing productivity of construction project. This study presents the check list of critical success factor and analyzescase study of Construction management project in order to apply Construction Management Project in domestic industry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2007.10d
• /
• pp.18-21
• /
• 2007

콘텐츠의 다양화로 인해 콘텐츠의 관리를 위해 CMS(contents Management System)가 다양하게 운영되고 있다. 현재 CMS들은 단지 소속회원들을 기반으로 DRM기술을 적용하여 콘텐츠 저작권을 보호하고 있다. 따라서 콘텐츠의 글로벌 사용이 제한되고 상호운용이 불가능하고 콘텐츠의 원천적 저작권보호가 불가능하다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 저작권 보호를 위하여 공개키 기반의 라이선스관리 모듈을 설계하였으며 이를 기반으로 콘텐트 암호화하는 패키저 모듈, 암호화된 콘텐트를 복호화하는 언 패키저 모듈, 콘텐트 공유서버 및 클라이언트 모듈을 설계하였다. 이기종간의 CMS는 트랜젝션 서버를 통해 통합 메타데이터를 공유하며 통합 CMS를 운영하여 다양한 콘텐츠를 다양한 CMS에서도 활용 가능하도록 제안하였으며 웹 콘텐츠 인증코드를 이용한 DRM 기술을 기반으로 콘텐츠 사용 제한 및 저작권 보호를 지원한다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.38 no.5
• /
• pp.721-731
• /
• 2018

Manpower in domestic construction sites is becoming more and more aging. Various methods have been devised to prevent productivity and quality deterioration of construction due to absence of skilled workers and difficulty in supplying manpower. Especially, many researchers study various methods such as Machine Guidance (MG) and Remote Machine Control to improve productivity and quality. Although many prior studies have been conducted since the advent of MG, There is lack of field test in a difficult site to stakeout. In this study, field test of MG excavator was carried out at difficult site to stakeout, and productivity analysis and quality evaluation were conducted. As a result of the analysis of productivity, the minimum value was 20.5%, the maximum value was 56.9%, and the average productivity in 4 days was 38.3% higher than the standard product. As a result of the analysis of quality, the horizontal error ${\pm}1cm$ and the vertical error ${\pm}2cm$ confirmed in the previous study were verified.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.22-30
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to derive basic data of the Guaranteed Maximum Price(GMP) process and to present specimens that can be used at the time of execution of CM at Risk project in South Korea. CM at Risk project is issued in South Korea, but the actual data is lack. On the other hand, CM at Risk project is universalized and the market of the CM at Risk is steadily growing. Because of that, in this study, The United States cases was selected as a sample. GMP consists of CM's fee, CM contingency, project direct cost, project indirect cost, allowance. GMP negotiations are performed before the end of design completion, and after 3 rounds of estimation comparison, preliminary GMP is confirmed. GMP can be multiple contract and it is useful for Procurement of long lead materials and early construction. If the actual cost is lower than expected GMP, sharing of the saving is an option since the conflict of interests between the client and the contractor can occur.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 2014.02a
• /
• pp.256.2-256.2
• /
• 2014

최근 고출력 펄스 스퍼터링, HPPMS (high power pulsed magnetron sputtering)을 개선한 기술이 개발되고 있다. High power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS)이라고도 불려지는 이 기술은 Kouznetsov1) 에 의해 개발되었으며, 짧은 주기 동안 높은 peak power 밀도를 얻을 수 있기 때문에, 스퍼터링시 높은 이온화율을 만들 수 있다. 스퍼터 된 종들의 높은 이온화는 다양한 분야에서 기존 코팅 물질의 특성 개선 및 self-assisted 이온 증착 공정을 통해 우수한 박막을 제조하는데 기여되고 있다. 그러나 HIPIMS는 순간 전력 밀도가 MW수준으로 높아서 고융점, 고열전도도의 물질에만 적용할 수 있다는 단점을 가지고 있다). 최근에 HIPIMS를 대체하기 위해 modulated pulse POWER (MPP)가 개발되었다. 이것은 스퍼터 된 종들의 이온화율을 높일 수 있음과 동시에 여러 가지 물질에 적용할 수 있다고 보고하고 있다. MPP와 HIPIMS와의 차이점은 HIPIMS는 간단한 하나의 초고출력 펄스를 이용하는 반면에, MPP는 펄스 길이 3 ms 안에서 다양하게 조절이 가능하며, 한 전체 펄스 주기 안에서 다중 세트 펄스와 micro 펄스를 자유롭게 조합하여 인가할 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 본 실험에서는 In2O3 : SnO2의 조성비 10:1 wt% target을 사용하였으며, Ar:O2의 유량비는 10:1의 비율로, 기판의 온도를 올려 주지 않는 상태에서 실험을 하였다. Ar 유량을 40 sccm으로 고정시킨 후 O2의 유량을 2~6 sccm에 대하여 비교를 하였다. 박막의 두께를 100 nm로 이하로 하였을 때 비저항은 $7.6{\times}10-4{\Omega}cm$의 값을, 80% 이상의 투과도와 10 cm2/Vs 이상의 mobility를 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 박막 두께 150 nm로 고정, substrate moving에 따른 ITO 박막의 차이를 알아보았다. 비저항의 값은 $5.6{\times}10-4{\Omega}cm$의 값을, 80% 이상의 투과도와 15 cm2/Vs의 값을 얻었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.632-636
• /
• 2007

These days, Construction industries are getting bigger, more specialized and complicated. Accordingly, the items of management is increased, also owner's organization is reduced. For this reason, various a method of construction management is introduced in the domestic construction industry. But introduction of construction management have caused increase cost because role duplication of managers. This role duplication is caused by confusion of trial and error, irrationality of system. And every construction project have peculiar properties, also owner's organization of project have various properties. This various properties is not reflected in the construction management , and the regimental method of construction management applied. In order to solving these problems, this study suggested the commissioning model for CM service reflected the properties of project and owner. This study have to selection of the critical service, service item of construction management and definition of owner's role through analysis of the properties of project, owner's capacity and requirement.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.16-19
• /
• 2011

Differentiated Service is an IP QoS ensuring method based on packet marking that allows packets to be prioritized according to user requirements. During the time of congestion, more low priority packets are dropped than high priority packets. Different policy models are used to determine how to mark the packet. This paper investigated the performance of Differentiated Service using time sliding window with 3 color marking (TSW3CM). Simulation results using NS-2 showed that Differentiated Service can provide the quality of service requirements.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.170-178
• /
• 2024

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are capable of differentiation into multiple lineages of cells, which has attracted attention for clinical therapy. However, ADSCs have poor proliferation capacity and a short life span in culture, which is an impediment in the application to clinical use. Previously, to overcome growth disadvantages, we had established an immortalized ADSC line (ADSC-T) by introducing the SV40 T antigen coding gene into primary human ADSC. In the present study, we evaluated the differentiation potential of this cell line and assessed the anti-inflammatory effect of its conditioned medium (CM). ADSC-T appeared to maintain the differentiation potential into adipocyte and chondrocyte. The CM of ADSC-T suppressed the NF-κB activity and its target gene expression of COX-2 and iNOS. Furthermore, the phosphorylations of MAPKs, including ERK, JNK and p38, were suppressed by the ADSC-T CM. The expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-13 were also suppressed by the CM of ADSC-T. In the Nc/Nga atopic model mice, the CM showed therapeutic effect on DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis. These results indicate that the immortalized ADSC-T maintains the beneficial properties of primary ADSC and could be a versatile cell source for not only research into ADSC but also for production of CM suitable for clinical application.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.41 no.4
• /
• pp.267-272
• /
• 2008

Mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy, particularly Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), has emerged as an important analytical tool in quantification as well as identification of multi-atomic inorganic ions such as nitrate. In the present study, the possibility of quantifying soil nitrate via diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) without change of a sample phase or with least treated samples was examined. Four types of soils were spectrally characterized in terms of unique bands of soil contents and interferences with nitrate bands in the range of $2000-1000cm^{-1}$. In order to reduce the effects of soil composition on calibration model for nitrate, spectra transformed to the 1st order derivatives were used in the partial least squared regression (PLSR) model and the classification procedure associated with input soil types was involved in calibration system. PLSR calibration models for each soil type provided better performance results ($R^2$>0.95, RPD>6.0) than the model considering just one type of soil as a standard.