• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.152-159
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• 2007

This paper describes the design, fabrication, and measurement of ROIC(ReadOut Integrated Circuit) for $320{\times}256$ IRFPA(InfraRed Focal Plane Array). A ROIC plays an important role that transfer photocurrent generated in a detector device to thermal image system. Recently, the high performance and low power ROIC adding various functions is being required. According to this requirement, the design of ROIC focuses on 7MHz or more pixel rate, low power dissipation, anti-blooming, multi-channel output mode, image reversal, various windowing, and frame CDS(Correlated Double Sampling). The designed ROIC was fabricated using $0.6{\mu}m$ double-poly triple-metal Si CMOS process. ROIC function factors work normally, and the power dissipation of ROIC is 33mW and 90.5mW at 7.5MHz pixel rate in the 1-channel and 4-channel operation, respectively.

• Plant Resources
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2003

Higenamine [1-(4-hydroxy-6, 7-dihydroxy-l, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinoline) is a cardiotonic constituent of Aconiti tuber, one of the most widely prescribed oriental medicines. S-(-)higenamine was reported to have a stronger cardiotonic activity than R-(+)-higenamine and known as a central intermediate in the biosynthesis of various benzyl isoquionoline alkaloids in plants. The separation of higenamine enantiomers has been accomplished with capillary electrophoresis using cyclodextrins (CDs) as chiral selectors. Good resolution of this enantiomers was obtained using a 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer containing hydroxypropyl $\beta$-CDs using 27 cm fused silica capillary (50${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ i.d., 20 cm to detector) at 25 $^{\circ}C$. With the electric field of 340 V/cm, the separation time of higenamine enantiomers was less than 6 min. Under this optimum conditions, the relative standard deviations of migration time and peak area were less than 1.6% and 3.2%. A 512-channel diode array detector was confirmed for the higenamine. The detection limits (S/N = 3) of these enantiomers are $1.5mutextrm{m}$/mL. We confirmed the chiral form of higenamine in medicinal plants.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.153-158
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• 1996

The effects of $\alpha$- and $\beta$-cyclodextrins (CD) on the twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) behavior of p-N,N'-dimethylaminobenzoic acid (DMABA) in buffered aqueous solution have been investigated by examining formation and decay behaviors of the TICT-typical dual fluorescence. The ratio of the TICT emission to the normal emission (I$_a$/I$_b$) increases linearly $\alpha$-CD concentration increases, while in the presence of $\beta$-CD it shows nonlinear dependences on the CD concentration. The analysis of the CD-dependent changes of the I$_a$/I$_b$ and absorption spectra demonstrates formation of 1:1 inclusion complexes between DMABA and CDs. The decay time of the normal emission (ca. 700 ps) is little affected by the formation of $\alpha$-CD inclusion complex, whereas it increases upto ca. 1.6 ns upon formation of $\beta$-CD inclusion complex. The TICT emission for the $\beta$-CD inclusion complex exhibits two decay components while it shows a single component for the $\alpha$-CD inclusion complex, indicating formation of one or two types of inclusion complex in the presence of $\alpha$-CD or $\beta$-CD, respectively. These results are attributed to the CD cavity size dependence on patterns of complexation between CDs and DMABA. The CD size dependences of the TICT fluorescence properties with the orientation of the guest molecule demonstrate that the specific hydrogen bonding between the carboxylic acid group and water plays an important role in the excited-state TICT.

• 약학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.357-365
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of cyclodextrins (CDs) and different acids on the solubility of fluconazole, and o formulate its more concentrated parenteral aqueous solution. Solubility studies of fluconazole with 7-CD, 2-hydroxypropyl-$\beta$-CD (HPCD), sulfobutyl ether $\beta$-CD (SBCD) and dimethyl-$\beta$-CD(DMCD) were performed. The aqueous solubility of fluconazole was measured in different concentrations of different acids with or without addition of CDs. Solubility of fluconazole increased in the rank order of $\beta$-CD$^1$H-NMR studies confirmed the formation of an inclusion complex of fluconazole with HPCD. It was also shown by the NMR studies that the complex formed was a 1:1 complex. Among the different acids used, maleic acid and phosphoric acid increased solubility of fluconazole. The lower the pH of solution is, the more fluconazole dissolved, regardless of acids. Addition of HPCD (50 mM) to acid solutions increased the solubility about two times. New fluconazole injections at a dose of 10 mg/ml could be prepared in aqueous solutions containing 10% HPCD or 15% SBCD. These parenteral solutions did not form any precipitates at 4$^{\circ}C$ and was very stable at elevated temperatures. These results demonstrate that it is possible to develop a parenteral aqueous solution of fluconazole with a smaller injection volume using HPCD or SBCD.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.40-49
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• 2018

Currently, a lot of researches about high risk test scenarios for autonomous vehicle and advanced driver assistance systems have been carried out to evaluate driving safety. This study proposes new type of test scenario that evaluate the driving safety for autonomous vehicle by reconstructing accident database of national automotive sampling system crashworthiness data system (NASS-CDS). NASS-CDS has a lot of detailed accident data in real fields, but there is no data of accurate velocity in accident moments. So in order to propose scenario generation method from accident database, we try to reconstruct accident moment from accident sketch diagram. At the same step, we propose an accident of occurrence frequency which is based on accident codes and road shapes. The reconstruction paths from accident database are integrated into evaluation of simulation environment. Our proposed methods and processor are applied to MILS (Model In the Loop Simulation) and VILS (Vehicle In the Loop Simulation) test environments. In this paper, a reasonable method of accident reconstruction typology for autonomous vehicle evaluation of feasibility is proposed.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.85-94
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• 1994

Inclusion complexes of ketoconazole (KT) with ${\alpha}-$, ${\beta}-cyclodextrin$ (CD) and dimethyl-${\beta}-cyclodextrin$ $(DM{\beta}CD)$ in a molar ratio of 1:2 were prepared by freeze-drying and solvent evaporation methods. The interactions of KT with ${\alpha}-CD$, ${\beta}-CD$ and $DM{\beta}CD$ in aqueous solution and in solid state were investigated by solubility study, infrared (lR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The stability constant of $KT-DM{\beta}CD$ inclusion complex (lC) was found to be the largest among three inclusion complexes. Clear differences in IR spectra and DSC curves were observed between inclusion complexes and physical mixtures (PM) of KT-CDs. It was also shown by IR spectra and DSC curves that solvent evaporation method might be. superior to the freeze-drying method in preparing the inclusion complexes of KT-CDs. The dissolution rate of KT was markedly increased by inclusion complex formation with CDs in the buffer solution at pH 4.0 and pH 6.8. The mean dissolution time (MDT,min), which represents the rapidity of dissolution, was in the order of $KT-DM{\beta}CD$ IC (3.20) < $KT-{\beta}-CD$ IC (4.36) < $KT-{\alpha}-CD$ IC (6.99) < $KT-{\alpha}-CD$ PM (17.46)< $KT-{\beta}-CD$ PM (19.36) < $KT-{\beta}-CD$ PM (28.53). The dissolution rates of KT-CD ICsprepared by solvent evaporation method were faster than those of KT-CD ICs prepared by freeze-drying method.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.657-663
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• 1997

The CD4 and CDS coreceptors, in conjunction with the T cell receptor (TCR) , make important contributions to the differentiation of thymocytes. They have been shown to be involved in the clonal deletion and positive selection processes during T cell development in thymus. To further analyze the role of CD4 and CDS proteins during T cell differentiation, we have generated transgenic mice constitutively expressing high levels of a native CD4 and a CD4{CDSa hybrid protein. The hybrid protein is composed of CD4 extracellular domain linked to the CD8a transmembrane region and cytoplasmic tail. The transgenes were driven by human beta-actin promoter, and therefore, they were expressed in all tissues examined including thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes. The resulting CD4 and CD4{CD8${\alpha}$transgenic mice were found to express the CD4 and CD4{CD8${\alpha}$ respectively, in developing thymocytes and peripheral T cells. The expression levels of transgenic proteins were 5-10 times higher than that of endogenous CD4 in thymus. However, total surface CD4 expression (CD4 or CD4{CD8${\alpha}$ transgenic protein plus endogenous CD4) of the transgenic mice were main. tained at similar levels compared to control littermates. Surface CD4 expression on CDS T cells, however, was significantly lower than that on cells expressing endogenous CD4. These results suggest that a total avidity between developing thymocytes and thymic stromal cells is impor. tant for differentiation of thymocytes.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.730-736
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• 2009

방대한 유전 정보를 분석, 가공하는 생명정보학의 중요성은 더욱 높아지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 단백질의 1차 구조만으로 단백질의 구조와 기능을 예측하는 새로운 데이터마이닝 방법을 제안한다. 단백질 서열만으로 특징 추출시 발생할 수 있는 문제점인 방대한 탐색공간을 효과적으로 축소하기 위해 n-Block substring 탐색 알고리즘을 제안한다. 또한 선별된 각 substring의 도메인 연관도를 결정하는 가중치를 구하여 가중 선형모형을 구축함으로써 구조와 기능에 관련이 있을 것으로 예상되는 단백질 도메인의 특징을 추출하고 분류에 효과적임을 보인다. 도메인에 포함되는 각각의 CDS(coding sequence)에 대해 모형으로부터 구한 점수를 통해 해당 도메인과의 연관성의 정도를 추정하며, 분류 효율을 더욱 향상시킬 수 있음을 보인다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.725-729
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• 2008

An enzyme reactor installed with ultrafiltration membrane was developed to produce ${\alpha}-,\;{\beta}-$, and ${\gamma}$-cyclodextrins (CDs) from soluble starch by Bacillus macerans cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) tagged with 10 lysines at its C-terminus (CGTKIOase). Ultrafiltration membrane YM10 with 10,000 of molecular cutoff was chosen for membrane modification and CD production. A repeated-batch type of the enzyme reaction with free CGTK10ase resulted in a ${\alpha}$-CD yield of 24.0 (${\pm}1.5$)% and a productivity of 4.68 (${\pm}0.88$) g/l-h, which were 7 times higher that those for CGTK10ase immobilized on modified YM10 membrane. Addition of 1-nonanol increased CD yields by 30% relative to the control, which might be due to prevention of the reversible hydrolysis of CDs.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2009년도 학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.1365-1369
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• 2009

최근 비점오염원 부하의 심각성이 알려지면서 4대강 유역을 중심으로 비점오염원의 조사 및 관리를 위한 대책 마련과 제도관 관리방안이 모색되고 있다. 이중 낙동강 유역은 총 면적 약 $23,384km^2$로 국토 전체 면적의 약 1/4을 차지하고 있지만 연평균 강수량은 1,186mm로 4대강 수계 중 가장 적어 갈수기에 자연 하천유량의 부족 및 유역외 지역에서의 공업용수 사용으로 낙동강하류의 유량감소를 초래하여 수질악화와 생태계 파괴가 심화되고 있는 상황에서 비점오염물질로 인해 그 피해가 가중되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 도시지역, 도로, 농경지, 토양침식물, 축사유출물, 대기강하물 등 광범위한 지역에서 강우 유출수와 함께 배출되는 비점오염물질을 처리하기 위하여 낙동강 수계내 대구 달성 소유역에 시범적으로 설치 운영중인 저감시설(CDS)의 수질 및 유량 모니터링 자료를 이용하여 대상유역의 강우-유출 특성 및 오염부하량 특성을 살펴보고, 전체유역의 유출발생량과 비점오염원 저감시설의 유입량 대비 처리 효율을 분석함으로써 오염부하량 발생 및 저감효율에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 위해 강우-유출 및 수질 모니터링 자료를 이용하여 모형(XP-SWMM)의 검보정을 실시하여 모델링 매개변수를 조정하였고, 강우-유출해석을 실시하여 대상유역의 년간 유출특성 및 비점 오염원 저감시설의 년간 오염부하량 저감율을 분석하였다.