• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.192-199
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• 2009

Bioactivity-directed isolation has led to the isolation of (-)-ent-costunolide (1) as the major active compound from Hepatostolonophora paucistipula. This compound (1) was determined by spectroscopic data interpretation. This sesquiterpene lactone (1) inhibited the growth of the dermatophytic fungus Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 28185, (4 mm inhibition zone at $15{\mu}g$/disc), cytotoxic activity to murine leukaemia cell lines ATCC CCL 46 P 388D1 ($IC_{50}$ 687 ng/ml, at $0.075{\mu}g$/disk), BSC monkey kidney cell lines (100% of well at $15{\mu}g$/disk) and antiviral activity to Herpes simplex virus (0.25 mg/ml, 100% of well at $7.5{\mu}g$/disk) and Polio virus (0.125 mg/ml, 100% of well at $3.75{\mu}g$/disk). These results suggest that (-)-ent-costunolide (1) has potential antimicrobial and cytotoxic agents.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.140-144
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• 2007

Polygonum cuspidatum has been used as treatments of dermatitis, gonorrhea, inflammation, and hyperlipidaemia in traditional medicine. We examined liver protective effect on CCl$_4$ inducing hepatotoxicity and anti-oxidative activity by TBA method. Phytochemical examination of Polygonum cuspidatum led to the isolation and characterization of emodin 8-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (compound 1), and trans-resveratrol 3-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (compound 2). Compounds 1 and 2 enhanced the inhibition of anti-lipid peroxidative effects in liver homogenate. In chemical parameters obtained from serum analysis, compounds 1 and 2 also revealed significant decrease in hepatotoxicity. These results suggested that the antraquinone and stilbene which were isolated from Polygonum cuspidatum might be used as therapeutic agent of hepatitis.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.1004-1009
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• 2007

The effects of crude extracts from medicinal plants on biological activity were investigated. The crude ethanol extract of H. paucistipula inhibited the growth of the Gram positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis ATCC 19659, (2 mm inhibition zone at 150 ${\mu}g$/disc) and the dermatophyte Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 28185, (7 mm inhibition zone at 150 ${\mu}g$/disc), and toxic to P388 murine leukaemia cells ($IC_{50}\;2.48\;{\mu}g/ml$ at 75 ${\mu}g$/disk). This crude ethanol extract of H. paucistipula is the strongest antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities against P388 murine leukaemia cells (ATCC CCL 46 P388D1).

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.54-58
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• 2012

To increase the extraction yield and biological effect of antler by fermentation, probiotics fermenting antler were screened from rice shells. Of screened Bacillus species, the most potently antler-degrading probiotics was Bacillus KH-07. The supernatant yield of fermented antler is highest. Bacillus KH-07 may belong to Bacillus licheniformis by biochemical and 16S rDNA sequencing analyses. The KH-07-fermented antler (50 mg/kg) increased the anti-fatigue effect 2.3-fold compared to that of non-treated antler. Furthermore, the KH-07-fermented antler improved $CCl_4$-induced liver injury in mice. Based on these findings, the extraction yield and biological effect of antler can be increased by KH-07 fermentation.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.511-514
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• 2005

The effects of chloroform extract from Riccardia marginata on antifungal activity were investigated. The crude chloroform extract of R. marginata inhibited the growth of the Gram positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis ATCC 19659, (4 mm inhibition zone at $150\;{\mu}g/disc$) and the dermatophytic fungus Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 28185, (6 mm inhibition zone at $150\;{\mu}g/disc$), and inactive to P388 murine leukaemia cells ATCC CCL 46 P388D1, ($IC_{50}\;>25,000\;{\mu}g/mL$ at $150\;{\mu}g/disc$). This crude chloroform extract of R. marginata showed strong antifungal activity against the dermatophytic fungus Trichophyton mentagrophytes.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.75-78
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• 1980

The interactions of iodine with toluidines (o-, m-, and p-) and N-methyltoluidines (o-, m-, and p-) in $CCl_4$ solution have been investigated through spectrophotometric measurements. The results indicate that toluidines and N-methyltoluidines form the one-to-one charge-transfer complexes with $I_2$ in solution. By comparing the values of the formation constants of the complexes, it is concluded that the relative stabilities of the $I_2$-amine complexes decrease in the following orders: p-toluidine >m-toluidine >aniline >o-toluidine, N-methyl-p-toluidine >N-methyl-m-toluidine >N-methylaniline >N-methyl-o-toluidine, N-methyltoluidines >toluidines. These results can be explained by the electron-releasing character and the steric effect of methyl group in the amine molecules.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.989-993
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• 2001

The carbonyl stretching vibration, νC=O of 2-cyclohexene-1-one, is in Fermi resonance with a combination tone. The amount of Fermi resonance interaction between these two modes is dependent upon the amount of solute/solvent interaction due to hyd rogen bonding between the carbonyl oxygen and the solvent proton. The corrected νC=O frequency of 2-cyclohexene-1-one occurs at a lower frequency than the observed νC=O mode of cyclohexanone, possibly caused by expanded conjugation effects. The carbonyl stretching modes of cyclic ketones were also affected by interaction with the ROH/CCl4 mixed solvent system.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.154-158
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• 1996

To investigate the protective effect of Korean red ginseng (RG) against oxidative damage, rats were intoxicated by carbon tetrachloride and liver tissues and blood were taken and analyzed histopathologically and biochemically. Light microscopy of the liver showed that RG prevented the necrosis of hepatocytes remarkably and reduced the change of fat. RG increased the capability for serum to suppress oxygen radical in the generating system. It is suggested that RG enhanced the antioxidative potential of the body against $CCl_4$, which would prevent the necrosis of hepatocytes in vivo.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.406.1-406.1
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• 2002

The anti-oxidant activities of the various fractions from the herbs of Artemisia apiacea were investigated. The n- hexane and n-butanol fractions were found to cause significant free radical scavenging effects on DPPH. their scavenging potencies as indicated in $IC_{50}$ values. being 230.1 and 183.7 g/ml. respectively. The n-butanol fraction exhibited a significant decrease in serum transaminase activities elevated by hepatic damage induced by $CCl_{4}$-intoxication in rats. All fractions tested exhibited a lipid peroxidation causing a significant decrease in MDA production in TBA-reactant assay. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.142-142
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• 1998

This study has been undertaken to examine the effect of biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate (DDB) on rat liver drug metabolizing enzyme in order to understand the mechanism of DDB on improving hepatic toxicity in rat liver. After DDB was administered into male rats for different periods of time, mRNA level of CYP1A1 and CYP2B1 was measured by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DDB treatment resulted in increase in CYP2B1 mRNA level whereas there was no change in CYP1A1 mRNA level. This effect of DDB was time dependent reaching maximal level by 2-day treatment. DDB dose response study showed that 50mg/kg DDB induced CYP2B1 mRNA to maximal level and DDB icreased CYP2B1 gene expression with dose-dependent manner. Based on studies of lipid peroxidation, serum ALT and AST levels and histopathologic examination showed DDB protection on CCl4 induced hepatotoxiccity.