• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제64권4호
• /
• pp.575-584
• /
• 2021

Objective : Cervical expansive laminoplasty is an effective surgical method to address multilevel cervical spinal stenosis. During surgery, the spinous processes of C2 and C7 are usually preserved to keep the insertion points of the cervical musculature and nuchal ligament intact. In this regard, dome-like laminectomy (undercutting of C7 lamina) instead of laminoplasty is performed on C7 in selected cases. However, resection of the lamina can weaken the C7 lamina, and stress fractures may occur, but this complication has not been characterized in the literature. The objective of the present study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors for C7 laminar fracture after C7 dome-like laminectomy and its impact on clinical and radiological outcomes. Methods : Patients who underwent cervical open-door laminoplasty combined with C7 dome-like laminectomy (n=123) were classified according to the presence of C7 laminar fracture. Clinical parameters (neck/arm pain score and neck disability index) and radiologic parameters (C2-7 angle, C2-7 sagittal vertical axis, and C7-T1 angle) were compared between the groups preoperatively and at postoperatively at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. Risk factors for complications were evaluated, and a formula estimating C7 fracture risk was suggested. Results : C7 lamina fracture occurred in 32/123 (26%) patients and occurred at the bilateral isthmus in 29 patients and at the spinolaminar junction in three patients. All fractures appeared on X-ray within 3 months postoperatively, but patients did not present any neurological deterioration. The fracture spontaneously healed in 27/32 (84%) patients at 1 year and in 29/32 (91%) at 2 years. During follow-up, clinical outcomes were not significantly different between the groups. However, patients with C7 fractures showed a more lordotic C2-7 angle and kyphotic C7-T1 angle than patients without C7 fractures. C7 fracture was significantly associated with the extent of bone removal. By incorporating significant factors, the probability of C7 laminar fracture could be assessed with the formula 'Risk score = 1.08 × depth (%) + 1.03 × length (%, of the posterior height of C7 vertebral body)', and a cut-off value of 167.9% demonstrated a sensitivity of 90.3% and a specificity of 65.1% (area under the curve, 0.81). Conclusion : C7 laminar fracture can occur after C7 dome-like laminectomy when a substantial amount of lamina is resected. Although C7 fractures may not cause deleterious clinical outcomes, they can lead to an unharmonized cervical curvature. The chance of C7 fracture should be discussed in the shared decision-making process.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.164-169
• /
• 2001

Cephamycin C를 생산하는 몇가지 균주를 사용하여 cephalosporin C로부터 7$\alpha$-hydroxycephalosporin C로의 전환력을 조사하였다. 이들 균주중에서 cephalosporin 7$\alpha$-hydroxylase의 활성은 Streptomyces clavuligerus ATCC 27064가 가장 높게 나타났다. Streptomyces clavuligerus ATCC 27064로부터 얻은 조효소액을 정제한 후 activated DEAE-sphacel 레진에 고정화하여 기질인 cephalosporin C로부터 7$\alpha$-hydroxycephalosporin C를 생산하였다. 고정화에 의해서 생성된 물질을 ESI-Mass로 측정한 결과, 분자량 431로 나타났다. 또한 $^1H$ NMR 분석에 의해 고정화 효소에 의해 생성된 물질은 cephalosporin C로부터 얻어진 7$\alpha$-hydroxycephalosporin C임을 확인하였다.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.9-15
• /
• 2009

목 적: 음경암(carcinoma of the penis)의 방사선치료 시 발생되는 산란선으로부터 고환(testis)을 보호하고, 치료 자세 재현성을 유지하기 위한 device를 제작하여 유용성을 평가하였다. 대상 및 방법: 팬텀(Phantom)고환은 바셀린 거즈로 제작하였으며, device는 두께 5 mm 아크릴과 4 mm 납으로 제작하였다. 조사야는 $3{\times}3\;cm^2$, $4{\times}4\;cm^2$, $5{\times}5\;cm^2$, $6{\times}6\;cm^2$, $7{\times}7\;cm^2$ 그리고 조사야 경계면에서부터 고환의 거리는 4~10 cm까지 1 cm 간격으로 이격(離隔)하였으며, 팬텀고환 부위의 산란선량을 차폐 전과 후 각각 10회 측정하였다. 6 MV X선을 이용하여 200 cGy를 조사하였다. 결 과: 미차폐 시 거리(4~10 cm)에 따라 14.8~4.7 cGy ($3{\times}3\;cm^2$), 15.7~5.2 cGy ($4{\times}4\;cm^2$), 17.6~5.5 cGy ($5{\times}5\;cm^2$), 19.9~6.6 cGy ($6{\times}6\;cm^2$), 22.2~7.6 cGy (7x7 cm2)의 산란선량이 측정 되었고, 차폐 시에는 7.1~2.6 cGy ($3{\times}3\;cm^2$), 8.9~3.6 cGy ($4{\times}4\;cm^2$), 12.3~4.8 cGy (5x5 cm2), 14.6~5.0 cGy ($6{\times}6\;cm^2$), 21.1~6.4 cGy ($7{\times}7\;cm^2$)로 감소하였으며, 차폐 전과 후 감소폭은 조사야 크기($3{\times}3~7{\times}7\;cm^2$)에 따라 7.8∼1.1 cGy (4 cm), 5.1~1.2 cGy (5 cm), 3.8~1.1 cGy (6 cm), 3.4~1.7 cGy (7cm), 2.8~1.7 cGy (8 cm), 2.4~2.5 cGy (9 cm), 2.1~1.8 cGy (10 cm) 거리에(4∼10 cm)에 따른 감소폭은 7.8~2.1 cGy ($3{\times}3\;cm^2$), 6.9~1.6 cGy ($4{\times}4\;cm^2$), 5.3~0.8 cGy ($5{\times}5\;cm^2$), 5.3~1.5 cGy ($6{\times}6\;cm^2$), 1.1~1.8 cGy ($7{\times}7\;cm^2$) 측정되었다. 결 론: 음경암의 방사선치료 시 자체 제작한 device를 사용하여 팬텀고환 주변의 산란선 측정결과 device 사용 시 거리를 이격과 팬텀고환 주위를 차폐함으로 불필요한 피폭을 줄 일수 있었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제43권4호
• /
• pp.625-638
• /
• 2023

Among various biological agents, bacteriocins are important candidates to control Listeria monocytogenes which is a foodborne pathogen. In this study, a novel bacteriocin, named agilicin C7, was isolated from Ligilactobacillus agilis C7 showing inhibitory activity against L. monocytogenes. Agilicin C7 biosynthesis gene was characterized by bioinformatics analyses and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli for further study. The anti-listeria activity of recombinant agilicin C7 (r-agilicin C7) was lost by proteases and α-amylase, suggesting that agilicin C7 is a glycoprotein. r-Agilicin C7 has wide pH and thermal stability and is also stable in various organic solvents. It destroyed L. monocytogenes by damaging the integrity of the cell envelope. These properties of r-agilicin C7 indicate that agilicin C7 is a novel amylase-sensitive anti-listerial Class IId bacteriocin. Physicochemical stability and inhibitory activity against L. monocytogenes of r-agilicin C7 suggest that it can be applied to control L. monocytogenes in the food industry, including dairy and meat products.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제64권6호
• /
• pp.913-921
• /
• 2021

Objective : Accurate measurement of T1 slope (a component of T1s minus cervical lordosis [CL]) is often constrained by anatomical limitations. In this situation, efforts should be made to find the exact meaning of T1s-CL and whether there are any alternatives to it. Methods : We enrolled 117 patients who received two-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Occipital slope, C2 slope (C2s), C7 slope (C7s), T1, O-C2 angle (O-C2A), C2-7 angle (C2-7A), O-C7 angle (O-C7A), T1s-CL, C7-T1 angle (C7-T1A), and C2-7 sagittal vertical axis were measured. We determined 16° (T1s-CL) as the reference point for dividing subjects into the mismatch group and the balance group, and a comparative analysis was performed. Results : The mean value of C7-T1A was constantly maintained within 2.6° peri-operatively. In addition, C2s and T1s-CL showed the same absolute change (Δ|0.8|°). The mean values of T1s-CL of the mismatch and balance groups were 23.0° and 7.6°, respectively. The five factors with the largest differences between the two groups were as follows : C2s (Δ13.3°), T1s-CL (Δ15.4°), O-C2A (Δ8.7°), C2-7A (Δ14.7°), and segmental angle (Δ7.9°) before surgery. Only four factors showed statistically significant change between the two groups after ACDF : T1s-CL (Δ4.0° vs. Δ0.2°), C2s (Δ3.2° vs. Δ0.7°), O-C2A (Δ2.6° vs. Δ1.3°), C2-7A (Δ6.3° vs. Δ1.3°). A very strong correlation between T1s-CL and C2s was also found (r=|0.88-0.96|). Conclusion : C2s itself may be the essential key to represent T1s-CL. The amounts and directions of change of these two factors (T1s-CL and C2s) were also almost identical. The above phenomenon was re-confirmed once again through the correlation analysis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.387-392
• /
• 2013

Objective: The aim of the present study was to explore mechanisms by which let-7c suppresses NSCLC cell proliferation. Methods: The expression level of let-7c was quantified by qRT-PCR. A549 and H1299 cells were transfected with let-7c mimics to restore the expression of let-7c. The effects of let-7c were then assessed by cell proliferation, colony formation and cell cycle assay. Mouse experiments were used to confirm the effect of let-7c on tumorigenicity in vivo. Luciferase reporter assays and Western blotting were performed to identify target genes for let-7c. Results: HOXA1 was identified as a novel target of let-7c. MTS, colony formation and flow cytometry assays demonstrated that forced expression of let-7c inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation by inducing G1 arrest in vitro, consistent with inhibitory effects induced by knockdown of HOXA1. Mouse experiments demonstrated that let-7c expression suppressed tumorigenesis. Furthermore, we found that let-7c could regulate the expression of HOXA1 downstream effectors CCND1, CDC25A and CDK2. Conclusions: Collectively, these results demonstrate let-7c inhibits NSCLC cell proliferation and tumorigenesis by partial direct targeting of the HOXA1 pathway, which suggests that restoration of let-7c expression may thus offer a potential therapeutic intervention strategy for NSCLC.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제49권1호
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 2016

본 연구에서는 체리와 로메인 중 저장 시 저장 기간 및 저장 온도, 저장 온도의 변동폭에 따른 항산화 성분과 항산화 영양소의 보존율을 분석하고자 하였으며 총 폴리페놀, 총 플라보노이드, 총 항산화능, DPPH 소거능, 비타민 C 함유량을 분석하였다. 저장 조건은 온도와 저장 온도 변동폭에 따라 세 개의 조건에서 실험을 진행하였다. 체리는 9일 동안 저장 후 실험하였고, 로메인은 7일 동안 저장 후 실험하였다. 실험 결과, 로메인과 체리 시료 모두에서 수분 보유량은 $0.7{\pm}0.6^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높았다. 체리의 경우 $0.7{\pm}0.6^{\circ}C$에서 TAC의 함량 및 플라보노이드 함량이 유의적으로 높았으며 (p < 0.05), 로메인의 경우, 비타민 C 함량이 $0.7{\pm}0.6^{\circ}C$에서 유의적으로 높게 유지되었다 (p < 0.05). DPPH 활성은 $0.7{\pm}0.6^{\circ}C$ 저장시 유의적으로 높게 유지되었으며, $0.7{\pm}0.6^{\circ}C>4.7{\pm}1.4^{\circ}C>3.5{\pm}2.8^{\circ}C$의 순서로 활성이 저하되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.287-296
• /
• 2007

A Lactobacillus paraplantarum strain producing a bacteriocin was isolated from kimchi using the spot-on-the lawn method and named L. paraplantarum C7 [15]. The bacteriocin, paraplantaricin C7, was found to inhibit certain Lactobacillus strains, including L. plantarum, L. pentosus, and L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis. It also inhibited Enterococcus faecalis, yet did not inhibit most of the other LAB (lactic acid bacteria) tested. The maximum level of paraplantaricin C7 activity was observed under the culture conditions of $25^{\circ}C$ and a constant pH of 4.5. Paraplantaricin C7 retained 90% of its activity after 10 min of treatment at $100^{\circ}C$ and remained stable within a pH range of 2-8. Based on a culture supernatant, paraplantaricin C7 was purified by DEAE-Sephacel column chromatography and $C_{18}$ reverse-phase HPLC. SDS-PAGE and activity staining were then conducted using the purified paraplantaricin C7, and its molecular mass determined to be about 3,800 Da. The 28 N-terminal amino acids from the purified paraplantaricin C7 were determined, and the structural gene encoding paraplantaricin C7, ppnC7, was cloned by PCR using degenerate primers based on the N-terminal amino acid sequence. The nucleotide sequences for ppnC7 and other neighboring orfs exhibited a limited homology to the previously reported plantaricin operon genes. Paraplantaricin C7 is a novel type II bacteriocin containing a double glycine leader sequence.

• Macromolecular Research
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.354-358
• /
• 2006

Polybutadiene (BR) was pyrolyzed at $540-860^{\circ}C$ and the effect of pyrolysis temperature on variations in the relative abundance of the major pyrolysis products (C4-, C5-, C6-, C7-, and C8-species) was investigated. Formation of the C4-, C5-, C6-, and C7-species competed with that of the C8-species. Relative intensity of the C8-species decreased with increasing pyrolysis temperature, while that of the C5-, C6-, and C7-species increased. Pyrolysis paths were became more complicated with increasing pyrolysis temperature. We suggested the operation of double bond migration and succeeding rearrangements for the formation of the C5- and C7-species and various rearrangements, including a double bond, for the formation of the C6-species at high temperature. The activation energies for the pyrolysis product ratios of(C5+C6+C7)/C4 and C8/C4 were used to explain the competition reactions to form the pyrolysis products.

• 생물환경조절학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.39-42
• /
• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 선형, 쌍곡선, 베타 함수를 이용하여 상추의 주요 온도를 예측하기 위함이다. 상추 종자를 항온 생육상에서 발아시켰다. 온도처리는 $10^{\circ}C$, $14^{\circ}C$, $16^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$, $24^{\circ}C$, $28^{\circ}C$와 $32^{\circ}C$였다. 100개의 종자를 9cm 페트리디쉬에 필터페이퍼 2장을 깔고 4반복 실시하였다. 유근이 1mm 나왔을 때를 발아로 하였다. 시간에 따른 발아율은 로지스틱 함수로 계산하였다. 최저, 최적, 최고 온도는 50% 발아한 시점의 역수를 온도에 따른 함수로 표기하여 나타내었다. 선형 함수의 경우, 최저, 최적, 최고 온도는 각각 $7.9^{\circ}C$, $23.3^{\circ}C$, $28.0^{\circ}C$였으며, 쌍곡선 함수의 경우, 최저, 최적, 최고 온도는 각각 $9.7^{\circ}C$, $19.5^{\circ}C$, $29.4^{\circ}C$였으며, 베타 함수인 경우, 최저, 최적, 최고 온도는 각각 $3.7^{\circ}C$, $20.7^{\circ}C$, $32.0^{\circ}C$였다. 최저, 최적, 최고 온도 범위는 각각 $3.7{\sim}7.9^{\circ}C$, $19.5{\sim}23.3^{\circ}C$, $28.0{\sim}32.0^{\circ}C$이었다.