• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.125-134
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• 2022

Recently, there are an increased the number of reports on the misuse or malicious use of an UAS. Thus, many researchers are studying on defense schemes for UAS by developing or improving C-UAS sensor technology. However, the wrong placement of sensors may lead to a defense failure since the proper placement of sensors is critical for UAS defense. In this study, a multi-object optimization model for C-UAS sensor placement in an air base is proposed. To address the issue, we define two objective functions: the intersection ratio of interested area and the minimum detection range and try to find the optimized placement of sensors that maximizes the two functions. C-UAS placement model is designed using a NSGA-II algorithm, and through experiments and analyses the possibility of its optimization is verified.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.914-923
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• 2015

UAS(Unmanned Aircraft System) has been used a lot in military applications but recently its usage is expanding to commercial applications due to its recent technical development and its market is expected to grow rapidly in the future. In hyper-connectivity society, especially UAS would play major role as an one of potential infrastructures for the architecture of the next 5G system. The ultimate goal is the successful integration of UAS in NAS(National Airspace System) relies heavily on ensuring reliable spectrum for the robust CNPC(Command and Non-Payload Communication) links as well as payload links for other various applications in the upcoming hyper-connectivity era. In this paper, we have focused on the analysis of the existing frequencies for UAS radio-control and the current issues for CNPC and payload frequencies, and proposed future efficient utilization policy for UAS in the hyper-connectivity society.

• Transactions of the KSME C: Technology and Education
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.71-78
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• 2015

Although there are differences in the classification of category adopted by each country, small UAS is usually classified as the one less than 25 kg. UAS has been mainly used for military and public purposes, but in recent years, it has spread to the private sector for hobby, media, and so on. Especially, considering the nature of the operating region and applications, it is necessary to improve operating time, noise and vibration in small UAS to ensure the same level of safety with a manned aircraft. This is because the drone can pose health and safety hazard through collision with manned aircraft or crashing into the ground. In this paper, we investigated operational regulations in the United States and European countries. Based on the investigation, a domestic system development plan for small UAS operation is under development.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.126-138
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• 2018

Rice blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is a major disease. In the present study, we aimed to identify and evaluate the novel bacterial isolates from rice rhizosphere for biocontrol of M. oryzae pathogen. Sixty bacterial strains from the rice plant's rhizosphere were tested for their biocontrol activity against M. oryzae under in vitro and in vivo. Among them, B. amyloliquefaciens had significant high activity against the pathogen. The least disease severity and highest germination were recorded in seeds treated with B. amyloliquefaciens UASBR9 (0.96 and 98.00%) compared to untreated control (3.43 and 95.00%, respectively) under in vivo condition. These isolates had high activity of enzymes in relation to growth promoting activity upon challenge inoculation of the pathogen. The potential strains were identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and dominance of these particular genes were associated in Bacillus strains. These strains were also confirmed for the presence of antimicrobial peptide biosynthetic genes viz., srfAA (surfactin), fenD (fengycin), spaS (subtilin), and ituC (iturin) related to secondary metabolite production (e.g., AMPs). Overall, the results suggested that application of potential bacterial strains like B. amyloliquefaciens UASBR9 not only helps in control of the biological suppression of one of the most devastating rice pathogens, M. grisea but also increases plant growth along with a reduction in application of toxic chemical pesticides.

• The Proceeding of the Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.16-26
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• 2017

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.190-194
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• 2004

The gene product of dctD (DctD) activates transcription from the dctA promoter regulatory region by the $\sigma^{54}$ -holoenzyme form ofRNA polymerase ($E\sigma^{54}$ ) in Rhizobium meliloti and R. leguminosarum. The Escherichia coli integration host factor (IHF) stimulated DctD-mediated activation from the dctA promoter regulatory region of R. leguminosarum but not R. meliloti. In the absence of UAS, IHF inhibited DctD-mediated activation from both of these promoter regulatory regions. IHF also inhibited activation from R. leguminosarum dctA by nitrogen regulatory protein C (NtrC), another activator of $E\sigma^{54}$ but not by one which lacks a specific binding site in this promoter regulatory region. IHF, however, stimulated NtrC-mediated activation from the R. meliloti dctA promoter. Upon removal of the UAS, IHF inhibited NtrC-mediated transcription activation from the R. meliloti dctA promoter regulatory region. These data suggest that IHF likely faciliates productive contacts between the activators NtrC or DctD and $E\sigma^{54}$ to stimulate activation from dctA promoter.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.25-38
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• 2022

Recently, it is reported that the Korean Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) interface protocol (K-4586) based on STANAG-4586 is being developed to secure interoperability between UAVs. The core elements of the K-4586-based Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) are the Core UAV Control System (CUCS), Vehicle Specific Module (VSM), Data Link Interface (DLI), and C4I systems. In UAS based on K-4586, the DLI function for transmitting and receiving messages to link UAVs is included in VSM and CUCS respectively. The Generator/Analyzer (G/A) tool is an apparatus that is developed for protocol conformance verification for VSM and CUCS, and G/A tools with DLI message transmitting and receiving should be developed separately. Core applications (VSM, CUCS, DLI) and G/A tools based on K-4586 may be developed independently depending on the developers. If the DLI message modules are different for each developer, the scope and results of protocol conformance verification will be dissimilar, and some problems may happen during system integration. In this study, common DLI message module based on the API was designed to provide the DLI message transmitting and receiving function necessary to the development of core applications and the protocol conformance verification tool of based on K-4586. When applying the proposed common DLI message module, it can be expected to shorten the UAS system development period and reduce costs, and ensure conformance of protocol. In this paper, the design and implementation method for the common DLI message module based on API was proposed and the results of functional test was described.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.42 no.10
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• pp.893-901
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• 2014

UAS and related technology have been mainly developed for military use but, in recent years, various types of civil UAS have been using in a variety of applications. For example, there are multicopters to shoot aerial photography, pesticide spraying unmanned helicopter, and in addition there are radio control (R/C) aircraft to be used for hobbyists. UAV has spread rapidly enough that permitted experts as well as the public can use it but the related safety regulations are not properly equipped. We investigated the status of domestic and international UAS certification system and airworthiness standards. And the trends in research for the development and modification of the certification system were studied in this paper. As a result, most countries have studied to develop the related regulations and especially ICAO has tried to develop RPAS manual, standards and recommended plans and modify the related ICAO annex through the research group, ICAO UASSG. Based on the manual and SARPs, authorities, related organizations and companies have prepared to develop and modify regulations in accordance with the actual situation of each country.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.67-80
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• 2018

This study used aerial and terrestrial images to build a three-dimensional model of cliffs located in Pado beach using SfM (Structure from Motion) techniques. Using both images, the study purposed to reduce the shadow areas that were found when using only aerial images. Accuracy of the two campaigns was assessed by root mean square error, and monitored by M3C2 (Multiscale Model to Model Cloud Comparison) method. The result of the M3C2 in closed areas such as sea cave and notch did not express the landforms partly. However, eroded debris on sea cliffs were detected as eroded area by M3C2, as well as in captured pictures by multi-camera. The result of this study showed the applicability of multi-camera and SfM in monitoring changes of sea cliffs.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.39-45
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• 2023

As advanced sequencing technologies continue to uncover an increasing number of variants in genes associated with human genetic diseases, there is a growing demand for systematic approaches to assess the impact of these variants on human development, health, and disease. While in silico analyses have provided valuable insights, it is essential to complement these findings with model organism studies to determine the functional consequences of genetic variants in vivo. Drosophila melanogaster is an excellent genetic model for such functional studies due to its efficient genetic technologies, high gene conservation with humans, accessibility to mutant fly resources, short life cycles, and cost-effectiveness. The traditional GAL4-UAS system, allowing precise control of gene expression through binary regulation, is frequently employed to assess the effects of monoallelic variants. Recombinase medicated cassette exchange or CRISPR-Cas9-mediated GAL4 insertion within coding introns or substitution of gene body with Kozak-Gal4 result in the loss-of-function of the target gene. This GAL4 insertion strategy also enables the expression of reference complementary DNA (cDNA) or cDNA carrying genetic variants under the control of endogenous regulatory cis elements. Furthermore, the CRISPR-Cas9-directed tissue-specific knockout and cDNA rescue system provides the flexibility to investigate candidate variants in a tissue-specific and/or developmental-timing dependent manner. In this review, we will delve into the diverse genetic techniques available in Drosophila and their applications in diagnosing and studying numerous undiagnosed diseases over the past decade.