• Title/Summary/Keyword: C-RAM

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Nonvolatile Semiconductor Memories Using BT-Based Ferroelectric Films

  • Yang, Bee-Lyong;Hong, Suk-Kyoung
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.41 no.4
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    • pp.273-276
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    • 2004
  • Report ferroelectric memories based on 0.35$\mu\textrm{m}$ CMOS technology ensuring ten-year retention and imprint at 175$^{\circ}C$. This excellent reliability resulted from newly developed BT-based ferroelectric films with superior reliability performance at high temperatures, and also resulted from robust integration schemes free from ferroelectric degradation due to process impurities such as moisture and hydrogen. The superior reliabilities at high temperature of ferroelectric memories using BT-based films are due to the random orientation by special bake treatments.

A Study on the Typoon Prediction System Using the Evolving Neural network (진화신경망을 이용한 태풍 예측 시스템에 대한 연구)

  • Shin, Dae-Jin;Kang, Hwan-Il;Kim, Kab-Il
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2001.11c
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    • pp.446-449
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    • 2001
  • 본 논문에서는 태풍의 진로와 세기를 ES_BLRNN을 이용해 예측하였다. 기존의 방법인 수치모델이나. CLIPER모델을 사용함에 있어서, 통계적 방법인 CLIPER모델은 예측성능면에서 수치모델보다 그 성능이 떨어지고, 반면에 수치모델의 성능은 CLIPER 모델에 비해 우수하나 슈퍼컴퓨터(Cray-2S, FUSITSU)를 이용하여야만 예보가 가능한 제약점을 가지고 있다. 또한 수치모델을 슈퍼컴퓨터로 계산할 경우 약 30분 정도가 소요되는 점을 감안할 때, ES_BLRNN은 이들의 단점을 보안할 수 있는 하나의 방편이라 생각된다. 게다가 ES_BLRNN의 경우 개인용 컴퓨터로도 충분히 사용 가능할 만큼 비용이 저렴하고, 681개의 태풍을 학습할 때 결리는 시간은 약 5분 정도이며, 146개의 태풍을 예측하는데 걸리는 시간은 약 3초 정도(Pentium MMX 200 Processor, RAM 64m, OS: RedHat LINUX 5.2. language ; ANSI-C)로써, 슈퍼컴퓨터나 CLIPER모델에 비해 훨씬 빠르게 결과를 볼 수 있다.

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An Experimental Study on the Effects of the Automotive Cooling Performance by Cooling Airflow rate (II) (냉각 공기량이 자동차 냉각성능에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구(II))

  • Kim, J.H.;Lee, H.C.;Lee, M.H.;Park, J.N.;Cha, K.O.
    • Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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    • 2001.11b
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    • pp.940-945
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    • 2001
  • Gasoline engine manufacturers are currently considering designs that will result in low combustion air temperature for improvement of fuel consumption and emission levels. There are a variety of cooling systems that can be used to accomplish this goal. Cooling is therefore normally achieved through a balance of ram and fan action. This paper studies the various systems and compare the cooling performance for several conditions, based on a automotive engine. An experimental analysis was developed to predict the interaction of the fan system and the heat exchangers of the engine cooling system. The local temperature induced by the fan on the cooling system is measured. These experimental result were accomplished using airflow management techniques.

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Structures and Sorption Properties of 2-Methylbenzimidazolate-Based Zn(II) Frameworks

  • Phang, Won Ju;Lee, Woo Ram;Hong, Chang Seop
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.35 no.8
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    • pp.2419-2422
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    • 2014
  • The syntheses and crystal structures of a three-dimensional (3D) coordination network $[Zn_4(2-mBIM)_5-(C_2H_6NCOO)(HCOO)({\mu}-OH)]{\cdot}DMF$ ($1{\cdot}$DMF; 2-mBIM = 2-methylbenzimidazolate) and a two-dimensional (2D) layer $[Zn_2(2-mBIM)_3(HCOO)(H_2O)]{\cdot}DMF$ ($2{\cdot}DMF$) are reported. Different structures were produced depending on the ratio of reactants. Structurally, 1 illustrates the formation of a unique framework based on a 2-mBIM bridge with the side group on an imidazole ring, while 2 possesses a honeycomb layer built up purely from imidazolates. For gas sorption, $CO_2$ is adsorbed on the activated phase of 1 but $N_2$ is not taken up.

The implementation of an 8*8 2-D DCT using ROM-based multipliers (ROM 방식의 곱셈기를 이용한 8*8 2차원 DCT의 구현)

  • 이철동;정순기
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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    • v.33A no.11
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    • pp.152-161
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    • 1996
  • This paper descrisbes the implementation of a 20D DCT that can be used for video conference, JPEG, and MPEG-related applications. The implemented DCT consists of two 1-D DCTs and a transposed memory between them, and uses ROM-based multipliers instead of conventional ones. As the system bit length, the minimum bit length that satisfies the accuracy specified by the ITU standard H.261 was chosen through the simulations using the C language. The proposed design uses a dual port RAM for the transposed memory, and processes two bits of input-pixel data simultaneously t ospeed up addition process using two sets of ROMs. The basic system architecture was designed using th Synopsys schematic editor, and internal modules were described in VHDL and synthesized to logic level after simulation. Then, the compass silicon compiler was used to create the final lyout with 0.8um CMOS libraries, using the standard cell approach. The final layout contains about 110, 000 transistors and has a die area of 4.68mm * 4.96mm, and the system has the processing speed of about 50M pixels/sec.

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A HIGHER ORDER NUMERICAL SCHEME FOR SINGULARLY PERTURBED BURGER-HUXLEY EQUATION

  • Jiwrai, Ram;Mittal, R.C.
    • Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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    • v.29 no.3_4
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    • pp.813-829
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    • 2011
  • In this article, we present a numerical scheme for solving singularly perturbed (i.e. highest -order derivative term multiplied by small parameter) Burgers-Huxley equation with appropriate initial and boundary conditions. Most of the traditional methods fail to capture the effect of layer behavior when small parameter tends to zero. The presence of perturbation parameter and nonlinearity in the problem leads to severe difficulties in the solution approximation. To overcome such difficulties the present numerical scheme is constructed. In construction of the numerical scheme, the first step is the dicretization of the time variable using forward difference formula with constant step length. Then, the resulting non linear singularly perturbed semidiscrete problem is linearized using quasi-linearization process. Finally, differential quadrature method is used for space discretization. The error estimate and convergence of the numerical scheme is discussed. A set of numerical experiment is carried out in support of the developed scheme.

Design of a Portable Patient Monitor (휴대용 환자 감시장치의 설계)

  • Kim, E.S.;Lee, E.P.;Gil, Mun-Jong;Lee, K.J.;Yoon, H.R.
    • Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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    • v.1997 no.11
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    • pp.407-410
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    • 1997
  • In this paper, we have designed a portable patient monitor that monitors both ECG and NIBP(Non-Invasive Blood Pressure) for a patient who is bring moved around inside a hospital. System hardware consists of the one-chip microcomputer(80c251), A/D converter, ROM, RAM, LCD diplsy, two channel ECG module and NIBP module. NIBP module was calibrated to the values found in NIBP analyzer. ECG module detects QRS complex and compute heart rate. NIBP module measures the blood pressure by oscilometric method.

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Performance of Hydrostatic/hybrid Journal Symmetric/asymmetric Bearings using Slot-entry Restrictor Under Couple Stress Lubricants

  • Ram, Nathi;Yadav, Saurabh Kumar;Sharma, Satish C.
    • Tribology and Lubricants
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    • v.33 no.5
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    • pp.187-201
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    • 2017
  • This paper presents the impact of couple stress lubricant on performance of slot-entry hydrostatic/hybrid journal symmetric/asymmetric bearings. Reynolds Equation using Finite Element Technique has been solved for the flow of couple stress and Newtonian lubricants in bearings. The results have been computed for concentric design pressure ratio(${\beta}^{\ast}=0.5$), slot width ratio (SWR = 0.25) and chosen parameters of couple stress lubricant ${\bar{l}}=5$, 10, 15. It is observed that numerically simulated outcomes for slot-entry journal bearings, considering the influence of couple stress lubricant indicate a substantial improvement in the performance of the bearing.