• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.149-157
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• 2005

A novel rice (Oryza sativa L.) gene, homologous to Arabidopsis pathogenesis-related NDR1 gene, was cloned from cDNA library prepared from 30 min Magnaporthe grisea -treated rice seedling leaves, and named as OsNDR1. OsNDR1 encoded a 220-aminoacid polypeptide and was highly similar to the Arabidopsis AtNDR1 protein. OsNDR1 is a plasma membrane (PM)-localized protein, and presumes through sequence analysis and protein localization experiment. Overexpression of OsNDR1 promotes the expression of PBZ1 that is essential for the activation of defense/stressrelated gene. The OsNDR1 promoter did not respond significantly to treatments with either SA, PBZ, or ETP. Exogenously applied BTH induces the same set of SAR genes as biological induction, providing further evidence for BTH as a signal. Presumably, BTH is bound by a receptor and the binding triggers a signal transduction cascade that has an ultimate effect on transcription factors that regulate SAR gene expression. Thus OsNDR1 may act as a transducer of pathogen signals and/or interact with the pathogen and is indeed another important step in clarifying the component participating in the defense response pathways in rice.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.168-173
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• 2007

of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) is an efficient approach for gene discovery, expression profiling, and development of resources useful for functional genomics. To analyze the transcriptome of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, we have conducted EST analysis using cDNA libraries made from muscle of P. olivaceus. Redundant ESTs were assembled into overlapping contigs by using the assembly program ICAtools software. We found that the 221 ESTs were composed of 21 clusters and 35 singletons, suggesting that the overall redundancy of the library was 74.7%. Of the 221 clones, 218 clones (98.6%) were identified as known genes by BLAST searches and 3 clones (1.4%) did not match to any previously described genes. Based on major functions of their encoded proteins, the identified clones were classified into 13 broad categories. Sequence analysis of the ESTs revealed the presence of microsatellite-containing genes which may be valuable for further gene mapping studies. This study contributes to the identification of many EST clones that could be useful for genetics and developmental biology of olive flounder.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1329-1333
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• 2004

To isolate the microsatellites from the chromosomal DNA of the Korean cattle (Hanwoo) and to use those for the genetic selection, four bacteriophage genomic libraries containing the chromosomal DNA of six Hanwoo steers showing the differences in meat quality and quantity were used. Screening of the genomic libraries using $^{32}P-radiolabeled 5'-({CA})_{12}-3$nucleotide as a probe, resulted in isolation of about 3,000 positive candidate bacteriophage clones that contain $(CA)_n$-type dinucleotide microsatellites. After confirming the presence of microsatellite in each positive candidate clone by Southern blot analysis, the DNA fragments that include microsatellite and flanking sequences possessing less than 2 kb in size, were subcloned into plasmid vector. Results from the analysis of microsatellite length polymorphism, using twenty-two PCR primers designed from flanking region of each microsatellite DNA, demonstrated that 208 and 210 alleles of HW-YU-MS#3 were closely related to the economic traits such as marbling score, daily gain, backfat thickness and M. longissimus dorsi area in Hanwoo. Interestingly, HW-YU-MS#3 microsatellite was localized in bovine chromosome 17 on which QTLs related to regulation of the body fat content and muscle ypertrophy locus are previously known to exist. Taken together, the results from the present study suggest the possible use of the two alleles as a DNA marker related to economic trait to select the Hanwoo in the future.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.42 no.8 s.338
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• pp.11-16
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• 2005

This paper proposes a bit manipulation accelerator (BMA) having application specific instructions, which efficiently supports scrambling, convolutional encoding, puncturing, and interleaving. Conventional DSPs cannot effectively perform bit manipulation functions since かey have multiply accumulate (MAC) oriented data paths and word-based functions. However, the proposed accelerator can efficiently process bit manipulation functions using parallel shift and Exclusive-OR (XOR) operations and bit jnsertion/extraction operations on multiple data. The proposed BMA has been modeled by VHDL and synthesized using the SEC $0.18\mu m$ standard cell library and the gate count of the BMA is only about 1,700 gates. Performance comparisons show that the number of clock cycles can be reduced about $40\%\sim80\%$ for scrambling, convolutional encoding and interleaving compared with existing DSPs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.78.2-79
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• 2003

Pepper defensin ( CADEFl) clone was isolated from cDNA library constructed from pepper leaves infected with avirulent strain Bv5-4a of Xanthomonu campestris pv. vesicatoria. The deduced amino acid sequence of CADEFl is 82-64％ identical to that of other plant defensins. Putative protein encoded by CADEFl gene consists of 78 amino acids and 8 conserved cysteine residues to form four structure-stabilizing disulfide bridges. Transcription of the CADEF1 gene was earlier and stronger induced by X campestris pv. vesicatoria infection in the incompatible than in the compatible interaction. CADEF1 mRNA was constitutively expressed in stem, root and green fruit of pepper. Transcripts of CADEFl gene drastically accumulated in pepper leaf tissues treated With Salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), abscisic acid (ABA), hydrogen Peroxide (H$_2$O$_2$), benzothiadiazole (BTH) and DL-${\beta}$-amino-n-butyric acid (BABA). In situ hybridization results revealed that CADEF1 mRNA was localized in the phloem areas of vascular bundles in leaf tissues treated with exogenous SA, MeJA and ABA. Strong accumulation of CADEF1 mRNA occurred in pepper leaves in response to wounding, high salinity and drought stress. These results suggest that bacterial pathogen infection, abiotic elicitors and some environmental stresses may play a significant role in signal transduction pathway for CADEF1 gene expression.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.133-140
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• 2013

Since the discovery of the immunomodulation property of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) about a decade ago, it has been extensively investigated whether MSCs can be used for the treatment of immune-related diseases, such as graft versus-host disease (GvHD). However, how to evaluate the efficacy of human MSCs for the clinical trial is still unclear. We used an MHC-mismatched model of GvHD (B6 into BALB/c). Surprisingly, the administration of the human MSCs (hMSCs) could reduce the GvHD-related mortality of the mouse recipients and xenogeneically inhibit mouse T-cell proliferation and $IFN-{\gamma}$ production in vitro. We recently established a new protocol for the isolation of a homogeneous population of MSCs called subfractionation culturing methods (SCM), and established a library of clonal MSC lines. Therefore, we also investigated whether MSCs isolated by the conventional gradient centrifugation method (GCM) and SCM show different efficacy in vivo. Intriguingly, clonal hMSCs (hcMSCs) isolated by SCM showed better efficacy than hMSCs isolated by GCM. Based on these results, the MHC-mismatched model of GvHD may be useful for evaluating the efficacy of human MSCs before the clinical trial. The results of this study suggest that different MSC lines may show different efficacy in vivo and in vitro.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.221-229
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• 2013

Cathepsins are members of the multigene family of lysosomal cysteine proteinases and have regulated function in several life processes. The potential role of cathepsin F cysteine gene was expected as protease in the yolk processing mechanism during early developmental stage, but expression analysis was unknown after fertilization. The alignment analysis showed that amino acid sequence of cathepsin F from olive flounder liver expressed sequence tag (EST) homologous to cathepsin F of other known cathepsin F sequences with 87-98% identity. In this study, we examined the gene expression analysis of cathepsin F in various tissues at variety age flounder. Tissue distribution of the cathepsin F mRNA has been shown to be ubiquitous and constitutive pattern regardless of age in each group, although derived from cDNA library using liver sample. The mRNA level of cathepsin F more increased as developmental proceed during embryogenesis and early developmental stage, especially increased in the blastula, hatching stage and 3 days post hatching (dph). As a result, it may suggest that the proteolysis of yolk proteins (YPs) has been implicated as a mechanism for nutrient supply during early larval stages in olive flounder.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 2003

Microtubule-binding molecules have been developed as anti-cancer agents to overcome the toxicities of current chemotherapeutics and also have potential for use as anti-angiogenic agents. In this work, we examined the effect of novel triazine compounds, Tubulyzines (microTUBUle LYsing triaZINE), derived from the orthogonal synthesis of a triazine library, on endothelial progenitor cell differentiation. When mononuclear cells isolated from human cord blood were cultured on fibronectin-coated plates for 7 days, all the Tubulyzine compounds A, B, and C (TA, TB, and TC) tested decreased the number of adherent cells in a dose-dependent manner in a coo. centration ranges of 2-5 to $80\mu\textrm{M}$. TA ($IC_{50}$=$20\mu\textrm{M}$) showed slightly more potent activity than TB and TC. Adherent cells treated with TA also exhibited a lower level of ability to ac-LDL uptake, with low ratios of positive cells out of total adherent cells, in a dose-dependent manner and weak expression of endothelial lineage markers, KDR, CD31, and vWF at $20\mu\textrm{M}$. Therefore, these results suggest that tubulyzine A (TA) can be effectively used for the inhibition of new vessel growth by inhibiting differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.259-268
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• 2000

Senescence is a sequence of biochemical and physiological events that lead to death of a cell, organ, or whole organism. Senescence is now clearly regarded as a genetically determined and evolutionarilly acquired developmental process comprising the final stage of development. However, in spite of the biological and practical importance, genetic mechanism of senescence has been very limited. Through forward and reverse genetic approaches, we are trying to reveal the molecular and genetic mechanism of senescence in plants, employing leaf organs of Arabidopsis as a model system. Using forward genetic approach, we have initially isolated several delayed senescence mutants either from T-DNA insertional lines or chemical-mutagenized lines. In the case of ore 4 and ore 9 mutants, the mutated genes were identified. The recent progress on characterization of mutants and identification of the mutated genes will be reported. We are also screening mutations from other various sources of mutant pools, such as activation tagging lines and promoter trap lines. Two dominant senescence-delayed mutants were isolated from the activation tagging pool. Cloning of the genes responsible for this phenotype is in progress. For reverse genetic approach, the genes that induced during leaf senescence were first isolated by differential screening method. We are currently using PCR-based suppression subtractive hybridization, designed to enrich a cDNA library for rare differentially expressed transcripts. Using this method, we have identified over 35 new sequences that are upregulated at leaf senescence stage. We are investigating the function of these novel genes by systemically generating antisense lines.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.135-158
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• 2011

The ability of the searcher to express their information problem to an information retrieval system is fundamental to the retrieval process. Query by visual example is the principal query paradigm for expressing queries in a content-based image retrieval environment yet there is little empirical evidence to support its efficacy in facilitating query formulation. The aim of this research was to investigate the usability of the query by colour method in supporting a range of information problems in order to contribute to the gap in knowledge regarding the relationship between searchers' information problems and the query methods required to support efficient and effective visual query formulation. The results strongly suggest that the query method does not support visual query formulation and that there is a significant mismatch between the searchers information problems and the expressive power of the retrieval paradigm.