• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.1-16
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• 2022

Although start-up is a key national strategy to increase national competitiveness and create employment, the survival rate of start-ups has not improved significantly. This is an important reason for the inability to provide timely and appropriate support to startups, which are in the early stages of start-up, due to the unique limitations of existing start-up support institutions and investors. The relatively recent accelerator is attracting attention as a subject of solving the above problems through professional incubation and investment. However, there are only a few empirical studies on investment determinants that affect the survival and success of accelerators, and there is a lack of theoretical evidence. Accordingly, in previous studies, 12 investment determinants were derived from a static, strategic, and dynamic perspective as accelerator investment determinants based on a business model innovation framework. This study subdivided the accelerator investment determinants derived through previous studies into 21 and analyzed the importance and priority of each factor using AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) analysis technique for domestic accelerator investment experts. As a result of the analysis, the top factors of importance of accelerator investment determinants were in the order of 'human resources', 'customer and market', 'intellectual resources', and 'entrepreneur's ability to realize opportunities'. It can be seen that the accelerator considers the core competencies of startups to implement solutions as the most important factor when making startup investment decisions. It was also confirmed that accelerators are strategic to create a clear value proposition and differentiated market position based on the core competitiveness of startups, and that the core value delivery method prefers a market-oriented business model and recognizes entrepreneurs's innovation capability is an important factor to realize a business model with limited resources in a rapidly changing market. This study is of academic significance in that it analyzes the importance and priority of accelerator investment determinants through demonstration as a follow-up study on accelerator investment determinants derived based on business model innovation theory that reflects the nature, goals, and major activities of accelerator investment. In addition, it is of practical value as it contributes to revitalizing the domestic startup investment ecosystem by providing accelerators with theoretical grounds for investment decisions and specific information on detailed investment determinants.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.5D
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• pp.453-461
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• 2012

Life analysis is conducted for economic analysis of equipment or facilities. The purpose of life analysis is to predict future indicators for scrapping construction equipment, and establish and utilize a wide variety of business strategies according to data predictions. First, this study shows the methods to figure out average life, life expectancy and life prediction of construction equipment and the analysis of life making methods, using survival curves. Second, the study proposes and examines the life expectancy making model depending on revenues and expenses. The result of the study reveals that the economic life of the same equipment varies with expenses, revenues and the initial cost. The life expectancy making model for construction equipment reflects respective management status for equipment and will help efficient management for companies.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.55-67
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• 2021

This study aims to measure the lower tail dependence as risk contagion from the U.S. economy to 18 developing countries affecting FDI inflows using time-series data from 2005 to 2019. Firstly, we utilize four dynamic copula models, namely, Student-t, Clayton, rotated survival Gumbel, and rotated survival Joe, to measure the tail dependence structure between the U.S. and each developing country's real GDP growth. Secondly, we use the regression model to explore the contagion effects on FDI inflows. The results show that there is evidence of the tail dependence between the U.S and developing economies, indicating the presence of the contagion effects. Primarily, we observe that the degree of contagion effects of the global financial crisis varies across countries; a strong impact is observed in Chinese, South African, Russian, Colombian, and Mexican economic growth. Furthermore, we found significant contagion risk affecting FDI inflows positively in China, Indonesia, Columbia, Morocco, and negatively in the Philippines, Bulgaria, and South Africa. This study demonstrates the usefulness of the copulas model in terms of examining contagion. Our findings shed light on the influence of sound policies and regulations to cope with both positive and negative consequences of the contagion on the capital movement.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.63-84
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• 2011

There are about 1,500 small or large traditional markets in Korea. Those conventional markets have been struggling for survival in rapidly changing market environment with highly intensified competition by accelerating the entrance of the Large-scale Discount Store and Super Supermarket which are managed and supported by Large companies like Samsung and Lotte. The loosing power of conventional markets have threatened the local merchants' survival and have influenced local economics falling down. To create better value for the customers who have more preference for department store and discount stores than conventional markets, conventional markets should have market orientation, which has three sub dimensions; customer orientation, competitor orientation and inter-functional coordinations. First objective of study is to find the appropriate roles of conventional markets in local areas. Second is to find out the market orientation functions for conventional markets to be survival in local markets in the long terms. Finally, this study will suggest some policies for the appropriate types of successful conventional markets considering various local situations. To achieve those objectives, we did the following procedure. First, we review the previous reports and studies of policies for conventional markets and local economy development, and propose some pros and cons of the previous policies. Secondly, we develop a market orientation framework of conventional markets, in which we suggest the developmental types and functions of market-orientation of conventional markets in accordance with the characteristics of local market and economic conditions of local areas. Then we formulate and discuss the study's contributions, managerial implications, and directions for future policy development. Especially for the policy development, we suggest the efficiency and economical effects of policy, human being development and management system, and the role of government and protection of local merchants in the development process.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.47-65
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• 2023

As stakeholder demands and sustainable finance grow, ESG management and ESG evaluation are becoming important. SMEs should also prepare for the trends of ESG rating practices that affects supply chain management and financial transactions. However, SMEs have no choice but to focus on survival first, so there are restrictions on putting into ESG management. In addition, there is a lack of research on the legitimacy of ESG management by SMEs, and volatility in ESG evaluation systems and rating grades is also increasing. Accordingly, it is necessary to review ESG evaluation trends and practical guidelines along with the review of previous studies. As a result of the exploratory study, SMEs need to implement ESG management and make efforts to specialize in ESG related new businesses under conditions in which their survival base is guaranteed in terms of implementation strategies. In addition, it is necessary to focus on the strategic use of various evaluation results along with accumulating information favorable for ESG evaluation through organizational learning and software management. The implications of this study are that various studies such as the classification criteria for SMEs and the relationship between ESG evaluation grades and long-term survival rates are needed in ESG evaluation of SMEs. At the government policy level, it is time to consider the ESG evaluation system exclusively for SMEs so that ESG management can be implemented and ESG evaluation at different levels by industry and size.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.97-109
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• 2016

In Korea, the survival rate of start-up of 5-year after foundation is as low as 29.6% of the country. This low survival rate is from because of insufficient resources in start-ups compared to those of mid-sized companies. Therefore, the marketing characteristics of entrepreneurship has emerged as a major cause. Therefore, In this study, because learning orientation, marketing experience, competition orientation and etc are differently owned in start-ups, marketing impact to marketing strategy in start-up companies are differently investigated. Therefore, the relationship of learning orientation, marketing experience, competition Orientation with marketing strategies was examined. Based on this, Business performance was examined to suggest contents related to eco-system of start-up companies to representative of start-up companies. For this study, Survey was conducted for 250 start-up entrepreneurs within 3 and half year since foundation from Nov. 20 to Dec. 20, 2015. In result of data-cleaning, 207 meaningful samples were gathered. Based on these, conclusion was obtained. Using SPSS 20.0 statistical program, frequency analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis were conducted. the following conclusions were drawn. First, in the impact of marketing environment of Phase 1 start-up companies on marketing strategy, product strategy, distribution strategy and promotion strategy were positively affected by learning orientation, marketing experience and competition orientation. Second, in the effect of 2nd phase marketing strategy to business performance, the financial performance and the non-financial performance. Were positively affected by product strategy, distribution strategy and promotion strategies. Third, The effect of learning orientation, marketing experience and competition orientation to financial performance was positively mediated by product strategy and distribution strategy among 3rd phase meditation strategies. the effect of learning orientation, marketing experience and competition orientation to non-financial performance was positively mediated by products strategy. In comprehensive summary, in order to increase business performance in start-up companies, marketing strategy should be applied in. Especially, the role of learning orientation and marketing experience is vital. In increasement of business performance to characteristics of star up marketing, financial performance can be increased by product strategy and distribution strategy. And, both of financial and non-financial performance can be increased by product strategy. Therefore, in conducting of marketing characteristics of start-up, to increase business performance, the apply of marketing strategy to marketing characteristics of start-up should be required.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1-15
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• 2016

Startups in Korea are experiencing for themselves the laws of survival through competition in the local and international market, and are performing active business movements based on these. Korea's economic growth rate is 2.6% due to the slump in the domestic demand and reduced exports brought by the MERSC incident in 2015. The Korea Development Institute has estimated the economic growth rate in 2016 to be around 3.0%. South Korea's economy is facing the crisis of low-growth solidification due to the decrease in economic growth, and it is forecasted that growth without employment and polarization will worsen. Startups in the high-tech industrial generation of a particular field wherein the market environment is rapidly changing must maintain a competitive advantage with the capabilities and functions exclusive to them. It is very important that they maintain a competitive edge by utilizing the capabilities exclusive to startup companies. Likewise, the accumulation of resources is also crucial in determining the success of a startup business. In a poor local startup ecosystem, majority of the startup companies are performing their business activities while striving for survival, rather than success. About 80% are struggling to survive and are failing to overcome the "Death Valley" faced 3-5 years after establishing the company. Since majority of the startups fail to achieve results during the initial stages of foundation, the importance of research on business activities and achievement during the early stages of establishment is being raised. In accordance to this, this research has performed an actual analysis on how the activities of startups during their preparation phase and early stages affect their achievements. A survey was done on the CEOs or executives (people in a position to make decisions) of local small and medium-sized enterprises that are considered start-ups, and 203 valid data were collected and analyzed. Results showed that the discoveries and utilized activities necessary for the businesses of startups have a significant impact on their achievement through the entrepreneur resources and external partners' cooperation; additionally, the related implications were discussed.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.101-125
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• 2008

This research suggests an ideal role between franchisee and franchisee for survival and development of the Korean franchise business by identifying causal relationships between entrepreneurship of franchisees and their business performance. Besides, when considering multi-dimensional features of a franchise system, this study aims to show that the market orientation of the franchisee and the relationship commitment between franchisee and franchisee will play an important mediating role to achieve a better business performance. Thus specific causal relationships among sub-dimensional constructs of entrepreneurship and market orientations were investigated. They are innovativeness, risk-taking propensity, pro-activeness, information creation, intelligence generation, intelligence dissemination, response design, response implementation. The results demonstrate that pro-activeness of franchisee plays a crucial role for franchisee's business performance. It was noted that franchisor's market orientation and innovativeness is also important for high market orientation of franchisor. The higher the market orientation of franchisor was, the higher relationship commitment of franchisee was formed. By identifying the mediation effect of relationship commitment and market orientation of franchisor, this paper showed that relationship commitment positively affect the improvement of franchisee's business performance. Above all, it should be noted that this research empirically identified the relationship between franchisee's entrepreneurship and business performance that most of the previous researchers have ignored. Furthermore, the analysis was conducted at sub-dimensional construct level. It is expected that empirical results from this study will be able to provide a meaningful framework and theoretical basis for future research on franchise, entrepreneurship and market orientation.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-57
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• 1984

The fisherman has been playing the roles of forming the fisheries village and surviving the fisheries production. Therefore, we should understand the nature of the fisherman's successor-cultivation which has been performed in order to maintain equlibrium between the fisheries economy and the national economy. Thesedays, fisherman's successor-cultivation mainly has been undertaken by the government in order to facilitate forming the economic foundation of fisherman's successor who has intended to choose "fisheries" as his own occupation in the future. From the above-mentioned, we find the meaning of the undertaking as both securing the foundation of living permanently and having the worth-while life of a professional fisherman by the survival and growth of his own business. And then, choosing the "fisheries" as an occupation, the successor should be satisfied with the requisites of occupation: 1) maintaining one's living, 2) working out one's individuality, 3) fulfilling one's social role-through engaging in the fisheries. Therefore, in order to have these requisites satisfied, I intend to suggest the followings : Firstly to maintain one's living, the environment of fisheies village should be kept in good condition to facilitate the successor's economic performance. Secondly to work out one's individuality, the fisheries' educational system should be adjusted to improve fisherman's ability. 1 hope to institute "the course of regional fisheries management" in fisheries high school and junior vocational collage, and "the school of fisheries management" for the learning of advanced fisheries knowledge. Thirdly to fulfill one's role, the opportunity actively participating in decision-making of the village's affair should be prepared more sufficiently, and the present fishing-centered fisheries system should be reformed into the fish-farming-centered fisheries system. To do this, the long-perspective vision is necessary. These three suggestions are come out from the macro-view point. Meanwhile the fisherman as an individual to improve his business is from the micro-view point. That is, the public aid, financial and legal, should be prepared. The above-mentioned suggestions are necessary to equalize fisherman's social status with other professional's especially from the result of improving the successor's economic force. Therefore, the principle of cultivating the fisherman's successor should be the principle of social equilibrium. be the principle of social equilibrium.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.192-200
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• 2009

Market in the 21st century innovative products is not the same as marketing traditional products and services. Whether for survival or to sustain market leadership, Design Marketing Strategy is the key in the new era of world competition. Design Strategies are also more critical issues in the future, because most business and firms depend on successful design project. In order to effectively bring creative professional output to market, design leaders who can use design intelligence to shape the future of their organizations and business must evidence marketing strategy technology, creative and managerial skill. Design Management links design and related business activities into a creative and coordinated strategy for creating value and sustainable advantage for the firm. Design education has focused primarily in the training of professional designers within their specific disciplines. But it dose not provide training in the management skills necessary to effectively lead a design project team. Most design colleges do not provide any integrated education in leadership and team building, strategy, finance, marketing or project management. This is the time that Design Management Program should be prepared to provide design students who want to manage design project in creative industry. The program has to be prepared to provide all the business skills and information that design students need to know in an upper-level undergraduate school. The Program's goal is to graduate design leaders able to strategically manage a design project for the challenge of managing in the 21st century.