• 패션비즈니스
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.176-194
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• 2010

According to the economy recession of U.S.A and Europe, the value of China market has been increased. Therefore the in-depth studies were essential for the companies and brands which look for new rising market. This study typed Chinese consumers by lifestyle and analyze the demographics and clothing purchasing behavior. The result of the internet survey which was carried out targeting Shanghai residents, established several consumer types of men and women respectively. In case of male consumers, established 4 groups like indifferent to advertising/brand group, seriously considering brand/health group, seriously considering leisure group, and seriously considering education group. In case of female consumers, established 3 groups like seriously considering education/food group, seriously considering housing/leisure group, and seriously considering shopping group. These groups were showed significant differences to demographics and clothing purchasing behavior. These characteristics about the groups must be reflected to marketing and merchandising strategies.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.114-130
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• 2013

The present study analyzed the tattoo image and body satisfaction according to the self-esteem. The samples were consisted of 191 female college students located in Kyunggi-do. The survey was implemented during may~july, 2012. Data were analyzed by frequency, factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, t-test, CPA, and Duncan-test. The results are as follows. Significant difference about tattoo image and body satisfaction was found in the group divided by the self-esteem. 'Individual personality' group had a tendency to be higher level than other group about appearance satisfaction and to be better image about Tattoo. 'Ego-centrism' group showed low level about good image of Tattoo. However, that group more satisfied their appearances than other groups. 'passive management' group showed lower level than other group about positive Tattoo image-building.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회 논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.3-14
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• 2005

본 연구는 유비쿼터스 환경에서의 Business GIS 발전을 위한 국가GIS(NGIS)의 역할과 발전방안을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구를 통해 위치기반 환경에서의 GIS 활용 현황 및 정보통신기술 환경과 GIS 기술수준을 분석하였다. 또한, GML(Geography Markup Language)과 TPEG (Transport Protocol Experts Group) 같은 국제표준을 준수하는 GIS 콘텐츠 개발과 GIS의 killer application 분야로서의 LBS(Location-Based Service), 텔레매틱스, ITS(Intelligent Transport System), gCRM(geographic Customer Relationship Management), DMB(Digital Multimedia Broadcasting), u(ubiquitous)-City, u-Town 등 다양한 신규 정보통신분야의 접목을 제시하였다. 마지막으로 Business GIS의 QoS, 표준화, 연구 및 개발, GIS 교육, 보안등을 위한 국가GIS 기반의 개념적 수익모델을 정립하였다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.821-832
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• 2021

Economic deprivation of households remains a significant economic issue in the world. Researchers have shown great concern in identifying crucial factors to enhance poor households' socio-economic performance. Therefore, this paper aims to develop a new conceptual framework to investigate the influence of different microfinance services on households' socioeconomic performance using moderated mediation analysis of various crucial factors. Focus-group interviews with managements of the microfinance institution, i.e. Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM), and a systematic literature review were conducted for this purpose, and a new framework for the future study has been developed. The result from focus-group interviews and systematic literature review propose microfinance financial services, training programs, and business coaching as independent factors, whereas household socioeconomic performance as a dependent factor in the proposed model. Specifically, this study provides the direction to scholars to empirically test the direct relationship between financial services and household socioeconomic performance and the indirect relationship between training programs, business coaching, and household socioeconomic performance. Further, microfinance institutions' service efficiency is also included as a moderator that can strengthen microfinance services' effectiveness. The study also provides useful implications for policymakers, financial institutions, households, micro-enterprises, and researchers to better understand microfinance interventions and household economic mechanisms.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.63-75
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to identify purchasing behavior and attitudes toward naturalistic cosmetics according to women's LOHAS lifestyle. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 500 women aged 19-59. SPSS was used for data analysis. The results were as follows: 1. Factors of LOHAS lifestyle were social consciousness, reduce resources, family centered, individuality & environmental consciousness, healthy food life, and information search. Women were clustered into bad-being group, environmentalists, LOHAS group, well-being group, and individualists. 2. Most women had a bit of knowledge and experienced naturalistic cosmetics. Over 85% of women had intention to use naturalistic cosmetics. 3. Bad-being group and individualists included university women and had little knowledge and experiences of naturalistic cosmetics. LOHAS group and well-being group included more career women with higher education, had more knowledge and experiences. 4. Knowledge and experiences of naturalistic cosmetics were the most effective factors on the use intention of naturalistic cosmetics.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.105-128
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• 2005

The Purpose of the current study is to identify the differences between Samsung and Hyundai Group and the causes why the differences occurred. The study focuses on the founders of the two group as a main source of the differences, especially brain preference of the two founders. Two steps were employed to perform the study. Firstly, the two founders' characteristics were analyzed by using archival research. It was implicitly hypothesized that Group founders' characteristics explained the differences of the two Groups. It was found that the founder of Samsung Group, the late president Lee emphasized rationality, analysis, and cause/effect relationship and low risk taking, suggesting that he had left-brain preference. In contrast. the late president Chung, the founder of Hyundai Group, emphasized intuition, wholeness, contextual meaning, and risk taking, showing that he had right-brain preference. Secondly, a comparison between the two groups was performed in terms of business and financial risk in corporate portfolio, and management system. It was found that Hyundai Group was pursuing higher risk than Samsung Group. And it was observed that Samsung Group put more emphasis on formality in decision making and systematic control, and less emphasis on risk taking than Hyundai Group. From the two step research relationship between brian preference and management was reasoned. Research implications and limitations were discussed at the end of the study.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2016

Purpose - The antecedent to the relationship between the effect of the characteristics of strategic alliances and the performance of container liner shipping companies has been investigated in this study as container liner shipping companies' strategic alliances. It affects positively and negatively home, partner, and the third parties' performance in container liner shipping companies. Extensive literature reviews on shipper's strategic alliances reveal that strategic alliances in financial and non-financial performance of container liner shipping companies show the performance such as economic effects, business performance, global supply chain management performance, customer satisfaction, and forward integration and backward integration performance. The purpose of this study is to test empirically that the relationship between the characteristics of strategic alliances and financial and non-financial performance in container liner shipping companies. Structured equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis were used to test the hypothesis using AMOS statistics program. Most previous researches focused on the relationship between the characteristics of strategic alliances and alliance types. There are few empirical studies that focus on business performance data because it is difficult to collect data in container liner shipping companies. However, this research measures financial and non-financial performance differently compared with the previous researches focusing on the characteristics of strategic alliances and alliance types measurements. Research design, data, and methodology - The conceptual model for the study is based on the studies of Lim (2010), Chen & Zhen (2009), and Wang & Meng (2014). The model is built around the factors of characteristics of strategic alliances and business performance. Cost, marketing, and service factors are regarded as proxy for the characteristics of strategic alliances. The financial and non-financial performance are regarded as proxy for the performance of strategic alliances. Based on the analysis of one hundred cases such as forwarder, shipper, and liner shipping companies, this study uses structural equation modeling to verify the effects of the characteristics of strategic alliances on business performance. Conclusions - This study provides container liner shipping companies to get some policy and practical implications in terms of the characteristics of strategic alliances and business performance. First, the cost factor for alliances characteristics has a positively significant influence on the financial and non-financial performance of strategic alliances. The cost factor relationship between high and low performance group does not have a significant difference on the performance of strategic alliances. Second, the marketing factor of alliances characteristics has a positively significant influence on the financial and non-financial performance of strategic alliances. The high performance group's marketing factor has a great non-financial performance than low performance group, but the low performance group's marketing factor has a grater financial performance than high performance group factor does. Third, the service factor of alliances characteristics has a negative influence on the non-financial performance of strategic alliances. The high performance group's service factor has a great non-financial performance than low performance group. Based on the findings from this study, related implications and future avenues deserve to be discussed.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.160-168
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• 2018

A wide spectrum of potential applications using substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technologies in conjunction with air hole regions is introduced, and an efficient optimization methodology to cope with the multiple air hole effect in SIW applications is proposed. The methodology adopts a genetic algorithm to obtain optimum air hole dimensions for the specific propagation constant that can be accurately calculated using the recursive and closed form equations presented. The optimization results are evaluated by designing an SIW bandpass filter, and they show excellent performance. The optimization methodology using the proposed equations is effective in performance enhancement for the purposes of low loss and broadband SIW applications.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2007년도 제38회 하계학술대회
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• pp.822-823
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• 2007

It is easily can be expected that Korea cannot be free under the regulation, because Korea is one of the major $CO_2$ emitter in the world. Even though Korea currently doesn't have any obligation to mitigate the carbon emission, power industry needs to study the effect of that. this paper aims to analyze the change of economic loading order for generation dispatch by various carbon price, looking at each plant's or generator's variable generation cost per unit electricity(kWh) that consists of basic generation price calculated by automatic generation system planning model, WASP 4.0, and $CO_2$ price per unit electricity generation.

• 한국신뢰성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신뢰성학회 2005년도 학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.385-392
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• 2005

The restriction of the use of hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment legislation mandates the substitution of lead and other hazardous substances in electronics products by July 2006. Due to this legislative pressure, the electronics industry is moving to adoption of lead free solders. In this paper, we investigated a flux to restrict generating electrochemical migration in lead-free solder. The lead-free solders used in this study were Sn-0.7Cu-0.01P and Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu. To measure the resistance of electrochemical migration, the dew-cycle test and water drop test were adopted. As the result, now flux having high durable of electrochemical migration was developed.