• 대한화상학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.49-52
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• 2019

Purpose: Little information has been published regarding minor burn injuries in infants, most of which are preventable. To fill this research gap, this study explored the patterns and mechanisms of burn injuries in infants to ascertain whether such incidents can be prevented. Methods: This was a retrospective study, based on data collected prospectively from all infants (<12 months old) admitted to our hospital with burns in the four-year period between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018. A medical record review provided basic demographic information, such as age at the time of injury, sex, cause of injury, duration of treatment, operative treatment, and the extent and type of burn, as well as the anatomical region involved. Results: Fifty-seven infants were diagnosed with burn injuries, with scalding being the most common type (47%), followed by contact (32%) and steam (14%). Seven infants of eight steam burn patients injured by pressure cooker. Superficial second degree was the most common depth of injury (72%) followed by first degree (17%) and deep second degree (8%). Average age per injury type was calculated by independent T-test. Average ages of patients with contact and steam burns were significantly lower (7.06 months; P=0.19) and higher (9.25 months; P=0.005), respectively, than for other burn types. Conclusion: Given that infants cannot control their body movements, talk, or manage by themselves, they are entirely dependent on the proper care of adults. Consequently, in addition to the prevention of burns, special care should be taken for the pressure cooker.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2016

Objectives The purpose of this study is to report the effect of Korean medical treatment on an infant with burn injury. Methods We treated the infant suffering from burn injury by Korean medical treatment such as acupuncture, Hwangryunhaedoktang extract, Jaungo dressing from March 15th, 2016 to March 26th, 2016. This efficacy of treatment was evaluated with observation. Results After this treatment, burn wound size was reduced and skin tissue regeneration was accelerated. As time passes, pigmentation was faded. Conclusions This case report showed that the Korean medical treatment is effective in the treatment of pediatric burn. However further case studies are still required to confirm these findings.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.63-73
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• 2002

In order to investigate a pathogenesis of liver damage induced by skin burn, thermal injury was induced by scald burn on entirely dorsal surface in rats (total body surface area 30%) except for inhalated injury. At 5 and 24 h after scald burn, biochemical assay in skin tissue, serum and liver tissue were examined. The effects of burn injury on the levels of glutathione, lipid peroxide and on the activities of oxygen of histologic and ultrasound changes, measuring. the protein concentration in plasma, and counting the number of intravascular polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Post burn 24 h, the content of glutathione was decreased (47.50%), whereas that of lipid peroxide was increased (37.01%), and the activity of superoxide dismutase was diminished (p<0.001). Thus decreasing the capacity of oxygen free radical scavenging enzymes led to oxidative injury in skin tissue. In liver tissue, at 24 h after scald burn, both the content of glutathione and the activity of catalase were markedly decreased (p<0.01, p<0.05), thus the imbalance between free radical generating and scavenging capacities has been induced.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.145-149
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• 2001

The present study was conducted to determine whether local production of neutrophil chemoattractant cytokines preceded the influx of neutrophils 1311owing dermal scald burn injury. In order to inhibit the influx of neutrophils, we induced scald burn injury on dorsal skin of rats (TBSA 15%) and spread Rhubarb (R. undulatum L.) and complex (Rhubarb+Olibanum+Myrrha) on scald skin in rats. 1. Levels of dermal KC, the indicator of skin iuflammation, caused by burn gradually increased 5 hours, 24 hours (p<0.001) and 72 hours (p<0.001) after the burn occurred. After 24 hours it occurs, KC in skin was decreased by both skin spread of Rhubarb (p<0.05) and complex (p<0.05) compared to scald bum group. After 72 hours, KC by skin sp.end of Rhubarb and complex was significantly decreased (p<0.01), and the inhibition effect of KC production by complex is higher than by Rhubarb. 2. KC content in serum was increased (p<0.01) at 24 hours after burn injury and comes down back to the normal level after 72 hours. At 24 hours postbunt both Rhubarb (p<0.05) and complex (p<0.01) skin spread decreased KC in serum. The inhibition effect of KC production by complex skin spread group is higher than by Rhubarb skin spread group. The data suggest that the KC production effects by Rhubarb skin spread group and complex skin spread group are high. Especially the endurance of the effect by complex skin spread group was longer than by Rhubarb skin spread group. The inhibition effect of KC production by complex skin spread group increases more than by Rhubarb skin spread group as time passes.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2010

Thermal burn injury induces inflammatory cell infiltrates in the dermis and thickening of the epidermis. Following a burn injury, various mediators, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), are produced in macrophages and neutrophils, exposing all tissues to oxidative injury. The anti-oxidant activities of flavonoids have been widely exploited to scavenge ROS. In this study, we observed that several flavonoids-kaempferol, quercetin, fisetin, and chrysin-inhibit LPS-induced IL-8 promoter activation in RAW 264.7 cells. In contrast with quercetin and fisetin, pretreatment of kaempferol and chrysin did not decrease cell viability. Inflammatory cell infiltrates in the dermis and thickening of the epidermis induced by burn injuries in mice was relieved by kaempferol treatment. However, the injury was worsened by fisetin, quercetin, and chrysin. Expression of TNF-a induced by burn injuries was decreased by kaempferol. These findings suggest the potential use of kaempferol as a therapeutic in thermal burn-induced skin injuries.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.115-121
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• 1999

The effects of scald bum Injury ($40-45\%$ of total body surface area), there were not inhalation and secondary infection, on the histological changes and the levels of oxygen free radical generating and scavenging enzymes have been determined in liver tissue of rat models. It was found that dermal epithelium was left out with edema of dermis layer and hydorpic swelling of hepatocytes, Burn injury increased liver weight (L.W./B.W.) and serum aspartate aminotransferase content (pThe data of this study suggest that liver damage Induced by scald burn injury leads to dysbalance of oxygen free radical generating and scavenging enzymes.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

Backgrounds: Burn of children and adolescents is an accident due to careless protector in many case. All the pediatric burns are preventable. We investigated the characteristics of pediatric burns. Such data can propose proper health educational program designs to suit the community. Purpose: This study aims to analyse the characteristics of pediatric burn patients and to discusses a possible prevention program for this population. Methods: The subjects were 77 patients reviewed burn injury in pediatric under 15 years old. Data were burn center of the B General Hospital from January 1 to December 31 2009 and a retrospective epidemiological study was collecting medical records. Results: seventy-seven children and adolescents with burn were admission treated for Burns and they were 54.5% boys and 45.5% girls. An incidence of age group with pediatric burn was less than one year of age(46.8%), 2-3 year(27.3%), 4~7year(10.4%), over 8 years old(15.6). Length of stay hospitalization was 1~2 week(32.9%) highest percentage and second-degree deep burns were 41.6% the highest percentage. Divided by the age of about 3, length of stay, ICU status, time of injury onset, cause, indication, place of accident, treatment, degree, region of burns had a statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Less than one year of age was the highest percentage. Divided by the age of about 3, Characteristics and factors affecting the range of burn were significant. Education and guide are necessary to reduce incidence of pediatric burns.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.341-348
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• 2019

Purpose: Severe burn injuries require long periods of hospitalization and treatment, which results in various physical and psychological issues. The main purpose of this study was to identify burn characteristics and psychological problems that influence Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) after discharge. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study using mobile/web or paper-based survey methods was conducted from a major burn center. A total of 145 patients completed the scar assessment, quality of life, sleep disorders, and depression scales. Results: The overall mean HRQoL and scar status scores were 2.28 out of 5 and 34.45 out of 60 points, respectively. Participants with higher burn degree, joint involvement, and emotional distress reported significantly lower HRQoL and scar status. Participants with depression and sleep problems also had lower HRQoL. Significant predictors of HRQoL included burn range, scar status, depression, and sleep issues. Conclusion: The results show that patients with severe burn injury experience high levels of physical and psychological problems. Patients with severe burn injury and psychological problems such as depression and sleep are likely to experience a reduced HRQoL. Psychological management and intervention in home care setting may improve HRQoL of burn patients.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.9.1-9.11
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• 2021

Background: Scalding burn injuries can occur in everyday life but occur more frequently in young children. Therefore, it is important to develop more effective burn treatments. Objectives: This study examined the effects of bee venom (BV) stimulation on scalding burn injury-induced nociception in mice as a new treatment for burn pain. Methods: To develop a burn injury model, the right hind paw was immersed temporarily in hot water (65℃, 3 seconds). Immediately after the burn, BV (0.01, 0.02, or 0.1 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously into the ipsilateral knee area once daily for 14 days. A von Frey test was performed to assess the nociceptive response, and the altered walking parameters were evaluated using an automated gait analysis system. In addition, the peripheral and central expression changes in substance P (Sub P) were measured in the dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord by immunofluorescence. Results: Repeated BV treatment at the 2 higher doses used in this study (0.02 and 0.1 mg/kg) alleviated the pain responses remarkably and recovered the gait performances to the level of acetaminophen (200 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, once daily), which used as the positive control group. Moreover, BV stimulation had an inhibitory effect on the increased expression of Sub P in the peripheral and central nervous systems by a burn injury. Conclusions: These results suggest that a peripheral BV treatment may have positive potency in treating burn-induced pain.

• Experimental and Molecular Medicine
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• 제50권12호
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• pp.3.1-3.14
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• 2018

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a pathological condition associated with osteopenia. $WNT/{\beta}$-catenin signaling is implicated in this process. Trabecular and cortical bone respond differently to $WNT/{\beta}$-catenin signaling in healthy mice. We investigated whether this signaling has different effects on trabecular and cortical bone in T1DM. We first established a streptozotocin-induced T1DM mouse model and then constitutively activated ${\beta}$-catenin in osteoblasts in the setting of T1DM (T1-CA). The extent of bone loss was greater in trabecular bone than that in cortical bone in T1DM mice, and this difference was consistent with the reduction in the expression of ${\beta}$-catenin signaling in the two bone compartments. Further experiments demonstrated that in T1DM mice, trabecular bone showed lower levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) than the levels in cortical bone, leading to lower $WNT/{\beta}$-catenin signaling activity through the inhibition of the IGF-1R/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase $3{\beta}$ ($GSK3{\beta}$) pathway. After ${\beta}$-catenin was activated in T1-CA mice, the bone mass and bone strength increased to substantially greater extents in trabecular bone than those in cortical bone. In addition, the cortical bone of the T1-CA mice displayed an unexpected increase in bone porosity, with increased bone resorption. The downregulated expression of WNT16 might be responsible for these cortical bone changes. In conclusion, we found that although the activation of $WNT/{\beta}$-catenin signaling increased the trabecular bone mass and bone strength in T1DM mice, it also increased the cortical bone porosity, impairing the bone strength. These findings should be considered in the future treatment of T1DM-related osteopenia.