• 설비공학논문집
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2017

Curtain-wall systems have been widely applied to buildings because of their lightweight and constructability characteristics. However, as curtain-wall systems include many building materials, vapor barriers can become damaged and condensation can occur. Due to the material properties of stone curtain-walls, the external appearance and structure of a building could be damaged and the insulating performance of the curtain-wall could be worse. Natural ventilation using an air cavity in a curtain-wall is expected to be effective for the prevention of condensation in inner walls and for the reduction of building cooling energy use in the summer. The purpose of this experimental study is to analyze the influence of a ventilated cavity on the insulating performance of a curtain-wall and the ventilated cavity depth and ratio of top opening needed to prevent condensation in a curtain-wall.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2006년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.1049-1054
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• 2006

In many countries, methods to evaluate buildings have been investigated and practiced in order to reduce energy use and search for sustainable architecture while providing comfortable space for the users, in Korea, the current certification system has a short history, and has been improved for better practicability. Among many different factors in the certification system, the water resource problem is an important as the demand has been sharply increasing while reckless use and sewage treatment system causes the reduction of usable water. This study aims to find problems of water usage in building. water resource in the current certification will be used for the analysis of each factor in water resource, and the direction of improvement required in the certification in order to improve the water usage in buildigns will be proposed.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.25-52
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• 2007

This paper is focused on the economical efficiency of the geothermal heat pump system in school. As the importance of problems of environment and energy becomes larger, the development and distribution of energy-saving technology in the whole nation has become influential. This paper is intended, targeting on school buildings scattered all over the country, to evaluate the introduction and possibility of a terrestrial heat system which is in the first stage of introduction in the country, through energy consumption and efficiency in case where a terrestrial heat system is introduced. To do that, the author performed a qualitative analysis of the heat pump system using various terrestrial heat energy and the system introduced to existing school buildings and, through the analysis, made tentative evaluation on the most environment-friendly and energy saving type system. Also, the author performed simulation analysis using a currently typical school building standard and, on the basis of this result, conducted efficiency analysis of various heat pump systems. The conclusion according to synthetical analysis & evaluation can be summarized as follows. In case a heat pump system is introduced to a school building, it was deemed the investment in the early stage would increase, but the investment could be collected within 5~6 years through reduction of large operation expenses. Also, it was analyzed in case of terrestrial heat contracted heat mode using midnight electric power among heat pump systems, not only early investment but also operation expenses could be reduced to a great extent. Accordingly in case the system using terrestrial heat energy is applied to the school buildings that are to be newly built or repaired in the future, it will provide an object-lesson to students as well as contributing to energy saving.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.625-632
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• 2018

본 연구는 최근 자원고갈 문제에 따른 에너지 절감을 바탕으로 총 에너지 수요에서 높은 비중을 차지하고 있는 건축물 에너지의 수요 감축에 목적을 두었고 국내에서 에너지절약형 건축물 설계를 위해 고시한 단열기준을 보다 효과적으로 조정하기 위한 보완점을 제시하고 에너지절약형 고단열, 고기밀 건축물의 쾌적성 유지의 한계점을 추가 보완하고자 야간외기 환기시스템을 도입하며 종합하여 최종 저에너지건축물 설계모델을 제시하였다. 먼저, 단열성능의 효과적 조정 모델은 건축물의 각 경사면별로 다르게 조정하여 각각의 수요 민감도를 충분히 고려할 수 있는 방법을 제시하고, 야간외기 도입 모델의 경우 건축물의 에너지 성능을 최대로 할 수 있는 모델을 선정하였다. 두 가지 모델을 결합한 최종 저에너지건축물 모델은 결과적으로 대상 건축물의 남, 북의 경사면 단열을 강화한 모델과 야간외기를 통한 환기 시스템을 단시간 운전한 모델이었으며 국내 단열기준에 의거한 Base 모델과 비교할 때 약 6~7%의 절감효과를 보였다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 제시하는 효과적 단열조정법과 야간외기 도입은 저에너지건축물 모델 설계에 있어 수요 민감도 분석 선행의 필요성을 환기시키는 점에서 시사점이 높고 대상 건축물의 건물에너지 수요를 저감할 수 있는 설계모델로 활용도가 높을 것이다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.98-108
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• 2006

The climate of urban area is an unstable type with considerable seasonal variation in precipitation wind speed, and temperature and it grows worse. Besides, ozone is a serious air pollutant in most of large cities. So worldwide, some of large cities are investing in forestry options to offset their climate problems, but lack of information has hindered comparisons of urban un cost effectiveness to other options. This research intends to study the economic benefits of tree shading of 19 parking lots in UCD campus. The economic benefits of tree shading are air conditioning savings, air quality, stormwater run-off, and other benefits. Especially, this study focuses how much the economic benefit of parking lot shading has been increased from 1995 to 2003 year by aerophoto. Some data on dimensions of parking lots and the number, size, tree species, and location of trees around each parking lot was inventoried. Two aerophotos(1995,2003) were used in order to analyze the increasement of tree canopy in 19 parking lots for 8 years. However, increasing coverage of trees and managing them for healthy growth would not be sufficient for avoiding adverse impacts by future climate change. Additional measures should be followed such as an increase of energy use efficiency and development of substitute energy. For example, coverage of trees help to save cooling energy by blocking solar radiation reaching parking cars and building structures through shading, and creating cool micro-climates through evapotranspiration. They also reduce heating demand by decreasing air infiltration and heat conduction out of the interior of buildings. Proper arrangement of vegetation over the parking lots can reduce cooling and heating costs. So proper planting design around hard space paving including species selection and location can significantly save cooling and heating energy. And a reduction in car and building's heating and cooling costs results in the reduction in energy demand which causes to emissions of air pollutants. Total increased tree canopy from 1995 to 2003 is $8,470.45m^2$ and the economic benefits is US$ 5,282.10. The economic benefit of one tree has been US$ 7.21 for 8 years. And an annually increased benefit is US$ 0.9 per a tree. If this kind of study is applied to studying the economic benefits of tree canopy in parking lots of Korea, it could result in guidelines of tree planting of parking lots. Because the trees selected for planting in parking lots were not suitable for an environment, the guidelines should contain a recommended list of trees. The guidelines should propose the shading percentage of parking lot when we plan a parking lot and contain the maintenance of trees in order to maximize the economic benefits of tree canopy.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.579-585
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• 2009

Recently, Vertical-Closed Loop system using geothermal which is the most efficient among the building cooling and heating systems is coming into wide spread due to assistance of domestic policies. However, there is a limitation that a design of ground heat exchanger taking 60% of construction cost is done by GLD and GLHEPRO programs without specific guidelines and consideration on Entering Water Temperature(EWT). For getting an optimal EWT, we analyzed the costs for construction of ground heat exchanger and cooling and heating for 15 years. In the results, reduction of construction costs as the length of ground heat exchanger shortens was much greater than increase of the electrical power consumption as COP gets low. EWT that COP of heat pump can be 3.76 or above was below $31^{\circ}C$ in cooling and was over $5^{\circ}C$ in heating.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.170-177
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• 2011

Recently, there has been increasing concern for green growth and environment-friendly construction work is being revitalized; hereupon this study is going to understand the present situation of environment -friendly features of the apartment house through the case study of environment-friendly apartment house in and outside the country, and to suggest the developmental direction of the domestic apartment house. First, this study is to look into respective environment-friendly factors by considering the theoretical background of environment-friendliness and certification of environment-friendly structures, and analyzing the cases of apartment house in and outside the country. This study selected as the survey target the apartment buildings located at 5 places which were completed after 2003 and obtained the domestic 'Green Building Certification Criteria'[hereinafter, GBCC] in metropolitan areas in domestic cases and the survey target to the apartment building at 5 places which were completed after 2003 and obtained the US 'Leadership in Energy and Environment Design' [hereinafter, LEED] in overseas cases. For comparative analysis of each case, this study evaluated each case twice using GBCC and LEED to be more objective in evaluation. As a result, it was found that domestic cases focused on nature-friendly landscaping and the use of the certified products while overseas cases focused on minimizing the environmental impact such as raising the energy reduction ratio and reducing water resources and consumption of resources. Accordingly, there seems to be a need for practical energy-reduction & resources-saving scheme in order for domestic environment-friendly apartment buildings to reach the level of the LEED certification.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2020

To assess the performance and characteristics of colored building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) modules, a comparative assessment of empirical performance was conducted on colored BIPV modules (gray, blue, and orange) and general BIPV module. These modules were installed on the south-facing slope (30°) for comparative assessment through a field test. Monitoring data were collected every 10 min from December 20, 2019 to January 21, 2020 and used to performance and characteristics analysis. Performance ratio and module efficiency were utilized during performance indexing for comparative assessment. For general BIPV modules, the operational efficiency was analyzed at 16.63%, whereas for colored BIPV modules, 13.70% (gray), 15.12 % (blue), and 14.49% (orange) were analyzed. It was discovered that the efficiency reduction caused by transmission losses owing to the application of colored cover glasses were 17.74% (gray), 9.05% (blue), and 9.86 % (orange), under field testing conditions. These values turned on an additional 7% reduction in efficiency for gray BIPV modules, compared to the degradation resulting from transmission drop (gray: 10.87%, blue: 8.99%, and orange: 9.02%) calculated using the efficiency of each module in standard test conditions (STC). Performance ratio analysis resulted in the following values: 0.92 for general BIPV modules, and 0.85 (gray), 0.91 (blue), and 0.91 (orange) for colored BIPV modules. As demonstrated by the above results, modules with a colored cover glass may differ in their operational performance depending on their color, unlike general modules. Therefore, in addition to the performance evaluation under STC, additional factors of degradation require consideration through field test.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.384-390
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• 2019

친환경 저에너지 중점의 건축설계의 중요성이 점점 커져가고 있다. 또 한편으로는 좀 더 미시적인 관점의 에너지 절약 설계 기법이 요구되고 있다. 이러한 분위기 속에서 에너지 시뮬레이션의 필요성이 점차 증가하고 있으며, 특히 BIM 기반의 에너지 시뮬레이션은 높은 효율성으로 인해 주목받고 있다. 하지만 BIM의 데이터는 아직까지는 미시적인 에너지와 관련된 파라메터가 적용되어 있지 않다. 따라서 본 연구는 조도 센서에 의한 조명 제어 시뮬레이션을 통해 센서 조명 파라메터의 생성 필요성에 대해서 연구하고자 한다. 연구는 BIM을 통해 생성된 데이터를 바탕으로 조도 센서를 설치하고 조도 시뮬레이션을 통해 센서등의 스케줄 데이터를 생성하였다. 그리고 이렇게 생성된 스케줄 데이터를 바탕으로 에너지 시뮬레이션을 실시하여 소비전력의 감소율을 확인하였다. 연구에 따르면 조명에 따른 열부하량과 소비전력량이 각각 20%이상 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 센서 조명 파라메터는 미시적인 에너지 절약 설계를 위해서 BIM 데이터 내에 생성될 필요가 있다고 판단된다. 본 연구는 센서 조명 파라메터의 생성에 국한된 것이 아니라, 이와 같이 미시적인 변인들을 검토하고 BIM 데이터 내에 적용할 필요가 있음을 밝히기 위해 수행되었다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2013

The Consultation about Energy Use Plan is prescribed by the Energy Use Rationalization Act. In order to reset Examination Criteria for Energy Use Plan, consultation case analysis from 2001 to 2010 were carried out and National Energy Master Plan was reviewed. This study proposes that Examination Criteria for Energy Use Plan be should divided into Urban & Tourism complex development project and Industrial complex development project for the prevention of civil complain. Also predicts that effect of energy savings calculated by Reset Examination Criteria on $1^{ST}$ energy demand BAU at 2030 is 2.2%, effect of new & renewable energy utilization at 2030 is 3% and the rate of $CO_2$ reduction to greenhouse gas emission BAU at 2020 is 1.1%.