• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.5049-5055
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• 2011

본 논문은 10개월의 임신기간을 통해 새로운 생명 탄생을 준비하는 임산부의 육체적, 정신적 부분에서의 변화 중 신체에서의 구강은 태아의 건강까지 책임져야하는 영양분 섭취에서의 첫 관문이라는 의미에서 잘 관리되어져야 한다. 이에 임산부의 구강보건관리 실태와 구강보건 인지도를 조사한 결과, 잇몸 출혈 시 칫솔질 여부는 '이행' 54.4%였고, '불이행' 45.6%로 나타나고 있다. 임신 중 치과치료 경험유무는 전체적으로 '아니오'의 응답이 164명(91.1%)로 높게 나타났다. 보조구강위생용품 사용종류에 대한 다중응답으로 조사한 결과로 가장 많이 사용한 보조구강위생용품은 '이쑤시개' 43.2%였고, 다음으로 2순위는 '치실' 26.2%였으며, 3순위는 '구강양치액' 12.6% 순이었다. 구강보건교육에 대한 경험유무는 전체적으로 구강보건교육을 받은 경험은 대다수가 '없다(92.8%)'였다. 구강보건교육 필요성은 전체적으로 '필요하다'의 응답이 92.8%로 나타났다. 임산부의 구강건강에서 가장 고민되는 부분에 대해서 자유형 개방형으로 조사한 결과로 가장 많은 고민은 '입덧으로 인한 칫솔질의 어려움'이었고, 다음으로 '잇몸출혈', '치은염과 구취', '충치'의 순이었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2023

Background: Paraben is a widely used substance with a preservative effect found in various materials such as food, medicine, personal care products, and cosmetics. Objectives: This study was conducted to identify the level of urinary paraben concentrations (i.e., methyl-, ethyl-, and propyl-) among Korean adults and to explore the factors related with the exposure levels. Methods: We analyzed the third period (2015~2017) of the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS). R statistical software (version 4.1.1) was used to estimate representative values for the whole population with weight variables to reflect sampling design. Whether urinary concentrations tended to increase as the level of paraben exposure-related characteristics increased was tested and P_trend was calculated using general linear models. Results: Urinary concentrations of all three parabens (i.e., methyl-, ethyl- and propyl-) were higher in women than in men (P_trend<0.0001, 0.008, and <0.0001), and the values of methylparaben and propylparaben tended to increase as the age of subjects increased (P_trend<0.0001, and <0.0001). Urinary concentrations of methylparaben and propylparaben were associated with intensity of exercise (P_trend<0.001, and 0.004), and that of propylparaben was higher in non-smokers (P_trend=0.01). In terms of paraben exposure-related variables, urinary concentrations of parabens (i.e., methyl-, ethyl- and propyl-) increased as the daily average frequency of teeth-brushing (P_trend<0.0001, 0.03 and 0.0001), the frequency of use of hair products (P_trend=0.005, 0.05 and 0.04), the frequency of use of makeup products (P_trend<0.001, 0.001 and <0.001), and the frequency of use of antibacterial products (P_trend=0.005, 0.02 and 0.02) increased. Conclusions: In our study, urinary concentrations of all three parabens are associated with gender, teethbrushing, hair products, make-up products, and antibacterial products. Methyl- and proyl-parabens were associated with age and intensity of exercise, and propyl-paraben was associated with smoking.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2024

연구목적: 본 연구는 노인들의 구강노쇠 실태를 파악하고 구강노쇠와 건강관련 삶의 질(HINT-8)의 관련성을 확인하는 것이다. 연구방법: 제8기 1차 국민건강영양조사 원시자료를 이용하여 65세 이상 노인의 구강노쇠와 건강관련 삶의 질(HINT-8)의 관련성을 확인하고자 복합표본 교차분석과 일반선형모형, 복합표본 로지스틱 회귀분석을 시행하였다. 연구결과: 건강관련 삶의 질(HINT-8)은 저작불편이 있는 사람은 1.183배, 말하기 불편이 있는 사람은 1.236배, 현존치아 수가 19개 이하인 사람은 1.153배, 칫솔질 평균횟수가 2회 이하인 사람은 1.043배 낮았다(p<0.05). 저작불편이 있는 사람은 저작불편이 없는 사람보다 신체적 건강영역의 삶의 질은 1.246배 낮았고, 사회적 건강영역의 삶의 질은 1.324배 낮았으며, 정신적 건강영역의 삶의 질은 1.089배 낮았다(p<0.05). 말하기 불편이 있는 사람은 말하기 불편이 없는 사람보다 신체적 건강영역의 삶의 질은 1.275배 낮았고, 사회적 건강영역의 삶의 질은 1.449배 낮았으며, 정신적 건강영역의 삶의 질은 1.175배 낮았다(p<0.05). 현존치아 수가 19개 이하인 사람은 현존치아 수가 20개 이상인 사람보다 신체적 건강영역의 삶의 질은 1.331배 낮았고, 사회적 건강영역의 삶의 질은 1.530배 낮았다(p<0.05). 칫솔질 평균횟수 2회 이하인 사람은 칫솔질 평균횟수 3회 이상인 사람보다 긍정적 건강영역의 삶의 질이 1.128배 낮았고, 구강위생용품을 사용하지 않는 사람은 사용하는 사람보다 사회적 건강영역의 삶의 질이 1.242배 낮았다(p<0.05). 결론: 노인의 구강노쇠는 건강관련 삶의 질을 저하시키고 있다는 것이 입증되었다. 노인의 약 55%에서 구강노쇠 증상을 경험하고 있는 것으로 나타나 노인들의 구강노쇠 관리를 할 수 있는 정책 마련과 함께 구강노쇠 관리 전문프로그램 개발이 필요할것 으로 사료된다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.36-49
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• 1973

This study was carried out for the objectives to collect the basic informations on the health behaviors of the elementary school children in an urban area in Korea. Seven hundred students were drawn to fill in the designed questionnaire which carries variety of Questions on health re-lated behaviors in general, eating habits, disease history, mental health, and sex education. Questionnaire were filled in by their parents. Major findings are as follows: ① 55.7% had habits of washing the hands before eating whereas 59.8% trashing their hands after toilet. The others had no idea of washing hands before eating and after toilet. ② 26,5% had habits of brushing the teeth twice a day 54.7% only once in the morning, and 2.6% once only in the evening. Thus, the idea of prevention from decayed teeth seems to be lacking among the school children. ③ Bathing habits were also inquired to get 40.3% of bathing more than once a week, 43.1% once every two weeks, and the rest of 16.6% once every one to three months. ④ 41.7% keep the regular bedding time whereas 58.3% irregular. Physical exercises were con-ducted by 76.6% on the ground while 23.5% did not practice any physical exercises at all. Of those physical exercises, rope skipping occupied 37.5%, and the other 66.9% consisted of 14 different kinds of individual type physical exercises such as gymnastic exercise. The main reasons for not enjoying exercises were different by sex; boys largely complained the inadequacy and lack of gymnastic facilities and girls felt in short of friends who could join the exercises. ⑤ 31.9% of the school children had been taking not much of food while 28.3% had unbalanced diets. Of these unbalanced diets, meat occupied 33.2% to be the priority to have an order of the following items such as vegetables, bread or noodle, and fishes as next to each. For eating habits, 88.5% take simple snack such as bread (38.4%, cookies, fruits, and candies in order. 25.8% of the children were provided such snacks or their parents regularly. Breakfast was sufficiently taken by 45.0% whereas 8.4% had never sufficiently. As to the lunch, 63.6% had sufficiently while 16.8% insufficiently. 70.6% take breakfast with all family members together and 30.4% separately. Correlation of sufficient taking of breakfast and eating together of tile family member's seems to be significant when we compare 72.5% of sufficient takers who enjoy breakfast together with the family members with 55.6% of insufficient takers who enjoy it with the family. This finding allows the investigator to point out the importance of table circumstances for children's eating. ⑥ The most common disease was catching a cold (38.8%), and the second was stomach trouble to be followed by the frequency of car sickness, headache, and skin infection. Doctors are consulted only by 23.9% when they are sick whereas 59.7% resorted to the drug stores. The lower the educational attainment of the parents, the lower the rate of visiting clinics. ⑦ 36.7% of their parents pointed out the problems of personality guidance as the most difficult thing at home 71.3% of their parents worried about and unsatisfied with their children's personality traits. Of these complains of the parents, impatience stood at the top to be tabulated at 24.1%, and 21.1% indicated narrow-mindedness. In line with this primary socialization at home, the most crucial problem seems to be related with the lack or recognition of the parents'own role when we find only 43.1% of the parents understood the importance of their own role for the home education of children; the latter group attributed tile responsibility of personality formation to the children themselves. ⑧ As to the sex educational aspects, 30.9% of children have ever asked about the physiology of reproduction or sexual matters to their parents, of those parents only 17.0% could give the constructive responses to the inquiries of the children. In companies on with these data, 25.6% recognized their own role in sex education for their own children while the large segments of the parents (51.1%) attributed the responsibility of sex education to tile low level of 38.3% who recognized the importance of sex education in the school curriculum and 25.1% of the parents insisted to wait until they get to know naturally about sex. 38.1% of the parents said they had some knowledge on sex from books while 16.9% through mass media. The next groups had common senses of sex from their own parents, school friends and other sources.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.226-236
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 조기 유아기 우식증의 위험 인자를 규명하고 일치된 조기 유아기 우식증의 정의를 수립하는데 기초연구로서 층화집락추출법으로 선출된 강릉시 만 5세 유치원 아동들의 보호자 364명을 대상으로 이들 아동들의 조기 유아기 우식증과 관련된 행동 식이 요인, 태아기나 출생기의 상태에 대한 설문조사연구를 시행한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 조사대상의 4분의 3이상(76.1%)의 아동이 생후 12개월 이후까지 연장된 수유를 하였으나 수면과 연관된 부적절한 수유의 빈도는 21.3%로 낮게 나타났다. 2. 대부분 보호자들(91.3%)이 이가 날 때부터 이를 닦아 주어야 한다는 사실을 알고있었음에도 불구하고, 맹출 직후 이를 닦기 시작한 경우는 35.1%에 지나지 않고 특히 2세 이후에야 이닦기를 시작하는 경우가 약 40%이상으로 조사되었다. 3. 현재 하루 칫솔질 회수는 1회 이상이 90%이상으로 매우 높게 나타났으나 5명 중 3명의 아동(61.4%)이 보호자의 도움 없이 혼자 이를 닦는 것으로 나타났으며, 간식섭취 빈도는 하루 1-3회가 약 60%, 수시로 섭취하는 대상이 약40%를 차지하여 비교적 높은 것으로 밝혀졌다($x^2-test$, p<.05 or Fisher's exact test, p>.05). 4. 대부분(87%)의 첫 치과방문시기가 3세 이상인 경우로 나타나, 조기 유아기 우식증 예방에 대한 관심이 필요한 것으로 생각되었으나, 5세 아동의 예방적 치과방문 경험이 비교적 높은 것(40.2%)으로 보아 강릉지역 보호자의 구강건강에 대한 높은 의식수준을 반영한다고 볼 수 있다. 5. 보호자의 구강환경관리상태와 아동의 일일 평균 칫솔질 회수, 예방적 치과방문, 최초 치과 방문 시기와의 상관관계 및 지역별, 공사립 유치원별 및 남녀별 차이는 통계학적으로 유의하지 않았다($x^2-test$, p>.05 or Fisher's exact test, p>.05).

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.439-443
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• 2002

본 조사는 대한소아치과학회 홈페이지의 진료장담 코너의 내용을 분석하여 분야별 분포를 조사하고 그 경향을 파악할 목적으로 시도되었다. 조사대상은 1998년 9월 28일부터 2002년 2월 26일까지 대한소아치과학회 홈페이지 진료상담 코너에 오른 2142개의 질문이었으며, 이들을 7개 대항목과 37개 소항목, 그리고 연령대별 분포상황을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 환아의 연령대를 $0{\sim}6$개월, $7{\sim}12$개월, $13{\sim}24$개월, $25{\sim}36$개월, $3{\sim}6$세, $7{\sim}12$세, 13세 이상으로 분류하였을 때, $13{\sim}24$개월의 아동과 3세${\sim}$6세의 아동에 관한 질문이 가장 많았다. 2. 대항목별 분류에서는 성장과 발육, 발육장애 및 구강질환, 행동조절, 수복 및 치수치료, 치열과 교합유도, 외상성 손상 및 외과적 치료, 기타로 분류하였을 때, 발육장애 및 구강질환에서 가장 많은 질문이 나타났다. 3. 소항목별 분류에서는 수복 및 치수치료, 치아의 발육과 맹출, 외상성 손상, 반대교합, 신생 유아기 잇솔질 방법의 순으로 많은 질문을 보였다. 4. 연령대별, 소항목 분류에서는 $0{\sim}6$개월에서는 신생치 선천치, $7{\sim}12$개월, $13{\sim}24$개월에서는 치아의 발육과 맹출, $25{\sim}36$개월, $3{\sim}6$세에서는 수복 및 치수치료, $7{\sim}12$세에서는 반대교합을 제외한 교정치료의 시기와 방법, 13세 이상에서는 수복 및 치수치료에 관하여 가장 많았다. 5. 반대교합, 외상성 손상, 연조직 질환에 관한 질문은 연령대별로 비교적 고르게 분포되어 있었다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2010

이 연구는 노인장기요양보험제도가 시행되는 시점에서 구강위생상태가 개선되기 위한 우리나라 노인의 실정에 맞는 구강관리프로그램의 개발을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 하는 목적으로 실시하였다. 2007년 12월에서 2008년 6월까지 충북 목천에 있는 노인요양병원 한 곳의 노인환자 53명을 관리군으로 선정하여 구강검사 및 구강위생검사를 한 후, 간병인에게 잇솔질 교육과 의치관리교육을 실시하고, 교육 받은 간병인이 1일 1회 구강위생관리를 지도하도록 하였다. 대조군으로는 대구광역시 달성군 가창에 있는 노인요양병원의 노인환자 52명을 선정하여 관리군과 같은 조사를 실시하였다. 3개월간의 구강위생관리 실시 후, 구강관리의 효과를 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 구강위생관리를 실시 전 대조군과 관리군의 일반적인 특성, 질병의 유병률, 구강상태, 구강위생상태에는 유의한 차이가 없었고, 치아우식증에서는 유의한 차이가 있었다. 3개월 후의 두 군을 비교한 결과, 치면세균막점수는 구강관리 실시 후 관리군에서 19.0점 유의하게 감소하였고(P=0.01), 대조군에서는 1.2점 증가하였다(p=0.566). 구강관리 실시 전 치면세균막점수를 통제한 후 그 효과의 차이를 살펴본 결과 관리군과 대조군 간에 구강위생, 치면세균막 점수에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(P=0.01). 구강위생상태의 변화는 대조군에서 치면세균막이 중등도 이상 발견된 비율이 82.7%에서 76.9%로 4.8%P 감소했고 관리군은 84.9%에서 58.5%로 26.4% 감소하여 두 군 간에 유의한 차이가 있었다(p=0.004). 설태가 다량 발견된 비율은 대조군에서 90.4%에서 94.2%로 3.8% 증가했고, 관리군은 90.6%에서 59.1%로 31.5% 감소하여 두 군 간에 유의한 차이가 있었다(p=0.001). 의치 오염도는 대조군에서 중등도 이상인 비율이 75%에서 78.8%로 3.8% 증가했고, 관리군은 73.6%에서 43.4%로 30.2% 감소하여 두 군 간에 유의한 차이가 있었다(p=0.001). 이 연구는 장기요양 노인 환자들에게 3개월 동안 간병인을 통한 구강관리를 시행한 결과, 구강위생상태가 개선됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구결과는 장기요양 노인환자에 대한 구강건강관리프로그램의 개발에 있어서 중요한 기초자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제3권
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• pp.79-110
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data necessary for creating a more successful health enhancement program, health education and health policy which can enhance health management abilities and enable a healthy school life by examining relations between high school students' health perception, who are in early adolescence, and their health promotion behavior. The subjects in this study were 813 students from 8 high schools on Jeju Island. The collected data were analyzed with t-test and one-way ANOVA through questionnaires by researcher on the basis of advance research. The findings of this study were as belows : 1. When general characteristics were considered, health perception was more significantly affected by those who were boys, whose family income was on a higher level, who scored better in school, whose parents were more concerned about their children's health, and who had experiences of being hospitalized. Especially, the more parents were concerned about their children's health, the higher the child's self-confidence on health(p<.05), anxiety on health(p<.05), practicality on disease prevention(p<.05), self-confidence on future health(p<.01), health care ability(p<.01), and family roles on health(p<.05). The less parents were concerned about their children's health, the higher the child's anxiety on disease(p<.01) and uncertainty on future health(p<.01). 2. When students' health promotion behavior was concerned, in the area of Eating Habits, having regular meals(72.9%), moderate consumption of meat(89.7%) and a balanced diet(64%) were common, whereas having a regular breakfast(37.4%) and eating vegetables and fruits(43.6%) were rare. In the area of Exercise, all subareas such as exercising 3 or 4 times a week(76.7%), more than one hour of exercise at a time(74.9%), a short distance walk(51.8%), exercise within one hour after meals(87%), and whether wanning up or not(88.6%) were above average. In the area of Personal Hygiene, all subareas such as drinking boiled water(57.3%), washing hands after using the bathroom(71%), brushing teeth after eating(42.4%), washing up after going out(50.3%), and washing hair and taking a frequent bath(77.2%) were rare. In the area of Control of Personal Relations, consulting personal problems with family(78.7%) had a positive response, whereas meeting someone new(59.8%), maintaining sound relations with the opposite sex(47.3%), having respect for one's opinion(51.5%), and maintaining peaceful relations with people(58.4%) had rare negative results. In the area of Stress Management, not being competitive(69.4%), releasing problems(62.4%) and sleeping soundly(66.2%) were common, whereas having your own ways to relieve stress(46.8%) and having your own dreams and hopes(58.5%) were rare. 3. When general characteristics were considered, as far as relations of health promotion behavior were concerned, the boys were significantly different in the area of Eating Habits(p<0.01) and Exercise(p<0.01), and the girls were in the area of Personal Hygiene. As family economic status was high and parents were concerned about their children's health, the entire areas of health promotion behavior were significantly different. Whether or not they were hospitalized made no significant difference in statistics. 4. When their regions were considered, it comparing city to town, there was no statistically significant difference in health perception and relations of health promotion behavior according to general characteristics. As seen in the results above, high school students' level of health perception and level of practicing health promotion behavior were generally low. In conclusion, by enhancing health perception, a plan for activating health education, which can implement positive health promotion behavior, should be made.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2009

This survey study was conducted on dental technician school students in April 2008 to investigate the effects of smoking on oral health. 110 male and 39 female students were surveyed and cross analysis was performed to examine the relationship between oral health status and smoking-related and oral health maintenance characteristics of smoking and non-smoking group. T-test and one-way ANAVA was used to analyze the average difference verification of two independent samples(smoking group and non-smoking group) and followings are the results. In general characteristics, 74 male students(74.7%) and 25 female(25.3%) students smoked and the percentage of male students were higher in smoking group. Regarding class grade, 2nd-year students(37 students, 37.4%) and 1st-year students(18 students, 36.0%) took the highest percentage of smoking and non-smoking group, respectively. Concerning the experience of drinking, smoking group consumed more alcoholic beverages(94 students, 94.9%) With respect to the frequency of between-meal consumption, respondents who eat between-meal once or twice smoked more. Respecting preferences of sweet food, respondents who enjoyed sweet food smoked more. Concerning smoking characteristics, many of smoking group had been smoked fo a long time(two to five years) and it was worrisome. About the amounts of smoking, 50 respondents(52.6%) of smoking group smoked 20 cigarettes a day with the highest proportion. With regard to the awareness of harmfulness, 70 respondents(70.7%) considered smoking as very harmful and showed that smoking group were aware of its harmfulness but it was habitualized. Respecting smokers in family members, father was more common as smokers(58 respondents, 58.6%) in family and showed that the influence of father. Main reasons of poor periodontal health were alchoholic consumption, smoking, and oral parafunctional habit(57 respondents, 56.7%) in smoking group and neglect of oral hygiene(21 respondents, 42.0%) in non-smoking group. With regard to the scaling, 80 respondents of smoking group(80.8%) didn't received scaling and showed that more oral health education was required. Regarding the periodontal status, non-smoking group was $1.26{\pm}0.44$, respondents who received scaling was $1.43{\pm}0.50$, respondents who regularly floss was $1.50{\pm}0.52$, respondents who brush more than three times a day was $1.38{\pm}0.49$ and had better periodontal health. Bleeding during tooth brushing was more frequent in smoking group ($1.51{\pm}0.70$). Regarding mouth order, non-smoking group was $2.34{\pm}0.62$, after scaling was $2.02{\pm}0.76$, patients who regularly floss was $1.50{\pm}0.52$, patients who brush more than three times a day was $1.81{\pm}0.87$. Concerning the experience of dental caries treatment, smoking group was $1.20{\pm}0.40$, patients who do not floss was $1.30{\pm}0.46$, patients who brush once a day was $1.29{\pm}0.45$. With regard to dental prosthesis, non-smoking group was $3.78{\pm}1.62$, patients who received scaling was $1.43{\pm}0.50$, patients who regularly floss was $1.40{\pm}0.51$, patients who brush more than three times a day was $1.24{\pm}0.43$. From these results, oral health education and smoking has correlation and more oral health education needs to be carried out to educate students with non-health related majors about harmfulness of smoking on oral health. Also more study are required.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2008

본 연구는 흡연유무에 따른 구강위생용품의 이용도를 파악하여 구강건강을 증진시키고 금연활동지도를 위해 일부 치과병원에 내원한 326명을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 12.0 통계프로그램을 이용하여 다음과 같은 결론를 얻었다. 1. 흡연유무에 있어 사용하는 잇솔의 종류는 '부드러운 잇솔' 이라는 응답은 흡연자에서 64.5%로 높게 나타났고(p < 0.001), 1회 잇솔질 시간은 '3분이상' 이라는 응답은 비흡연자가 61.4%로 높게 나타났다(p < 0.001). 2. 흡연유무에 있어 사용하는 구강위생용품의 종류는 비흡연자는 36.7%로 흡연자보다 치간잇솔 사용이 더 높게 나타났다. 3. 흡연유무에 있어 구강위생용품을 사용하게 된 동기는 '치과에서 권장해서' 라고 응답한 비흡연자와 흡연자는 각각 69.6%, 67.5%로 비슷하였고, 구강위생용품을 사용하지 않는 이유는 '사용법을 몰라서' 라고 응답한 흡연자는 38.7%로 비흡연자보다 높게 나타났다(p < 0.05). 4. 흡연유무에 있어 구강건강관리방법은 '정기적으로 치과에서 검진한다' 라고 응답 한 흡연자는 28.3%이었고, 비흡연자는 35.3%로 비흡연자가 약간 높게 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과, 흡연의 유무에 따른 구강위생용품의 이용도와 인지는 흡연자가 낮았으며, 유의한 차이를 보였다. 따라서 전국민을 대상으로 구강위생용품의 효과 및 필요성에 대한 홍보가 적극적으로 이루어지고, 치과의료기관에서는 구강구강보건 전문인력인 치과위생사는 흡연유무에 있어 구강의 특성을 파악하여 적합한 구강위생용품의 선택과 사용방법에 대한 교육과 금연지도활동이 치과에서 확대실시 될 수 있도록 노력하여야 할 것이다.