• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.177-183
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• 2014

갈색여치는 최근 대발생으로 과수농가에서 피해가 급격히 증가하고 있다. 갈색여치의 종령 약충과 미성숙 성충, 성숙 성충에 대한 교미행동 및 일일행동패턴에 대하여 조사하였다. 일일행동패턴은 휴식, 이동, 섭식을 반복하였다. 종령 약충과 미성숙 성충의 일일행동패턴은 유사했다. 종령 약충은 평균 10:06에 활동을 시작하고 21:12에 휴식을 취한다. 미성숙 성충은 평균 11:30에 활동을 시작하고 20:08에 휴식을 취한다. 그러나 성숙 성충의 경우 15:30에 활동을 시작하는 차이를 보였다. 성숙 성충은 특정시간(약 20:00)대에 교미행동을 보인다. 갈색여치의 교미행동은 암컷의 spermatophylax를 섭취하게 되는데 다 섭취하기까지 270-360분이 소요된다. 갈색여치의 행동패턴은 이들의 발생양상과 생태를 알 수 있어 갈색여치를 방제하기 위한 기초자료로 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.313-322
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• 2003

본 연구는 도심지터널 시공시 막장진행에 따라 다양하게 계측된 현장의 계측치 분석을 통하여 막장 진행에 따른 터널 주변지반의 거동 및 인접구조물의 3차원 거동을 상호 규명하였으며, 일반적으로 터널설계시 적용되는 Mohr-Coulomb 모델 및 막강관찰 자료를 바탕으로 한 Hoek-Brown 현장암반모델을 적용한 3차원 유한요소해석을 실시하여 각각의 결과를 비교 검토하여 이들 지반 및 구조물 거동을 규명하였다. 막장 진행에 따른 침하 양상은 greenfield 상태에서의 거동과는 차이를 보이고 있으며 구조물의 위치와 강성 그리고 하중에 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2003

Methamphetamine (MA) is a major drug of abuse in Korea. Currently preliminary evidence suggests that MA dependence may cause long-term neural damage in human. Repeated exposure to psychostimulants such as methamphetamine results in behavioral sensitization, a paradigm thought to be relevant to drug craving and addiction in human. Sensitization alters neural circuitry involved in normal processes of incentrive, motivation, and reward. However the precise mechanism of this behavioral sensitization has not yet been fully elucidated. Repeated use of high dose MA causes neurotoxicity which is characterized by a long-lasting depletion of striatal dopamine (DA) and tyrosin hydroxylase activity of DA, DA-transporter binding sites in the striatum. The loss of DA transporters correlates with memory problems and lack of motor coordination. DA fuels motivation and pleasure, but it' s also crucial for learning and movement. This selective review provides a summary of studies that assess the neurobiological mechanisms of MA.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.468-471
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• 2009

This study was conducted to determine the phototactic response of Paratlanticus ussuriensis to different wavelength of light by the use of LEDs and to provide a basic information for developing an improved trap with the longer trapping efficiency to control environment-friendly this katydid. P. ussuriensis were attracted to the single LED light source, especially, blue and white. For the multiple LED light sources, the movement of P. ussuriensis was not significantly different among LED-light bands. Overall, P. ussuriensis had a tendency to move to light source although they were not attracted to a specific wavelength of light. These methods may be used as information for conducting a phototactic response of other insects.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.203-219
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• 2007

The education chance and job opportunity of women have increased in the 19th century. Also, women tried to get the right and chance equal to men in this period. Therefore, the population of women participating in the sports have increased. And comfortable and practical pantaloons which men have been wearing were suggested to women. This study investigated the characteristics and change of women's sports wear relating to social change in the 19th century. The results of this study were as follows: 1. According to the social change, women participated in the sports activities with the opportunity equal to men, and the appropriate women's sports wear was needed. 2. Pantaloons which were suggested as the clothing reform movement became popular with the development of sports wear. 3. Simple, effective, comfortable and easy style sports wear was preferred. 4. Women accepted men's sports wear positively. 5. The women's sports wear varied according to the various kinds of sports. 6. The healthful design was preferred and harmful design was excluded. 7. Underwear was improved functionally and simplified. 8. The main materials were flannel, wool, tweed, homespun and serge, and the mail colors were brown, dark blue, gray and black.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2015

This study was examined the ovogenesis of Ussurian bullhead, Leiocassis ussuriensis and the morphological development of its larvae and juveniles and to use the results as basic information for the preservation of species and resource enhancement. For artificial egg collection, human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was injected at a rate of 10 IU per gram of fish weight. During breeding period, water temperature maintained at $24.5{\sim}26.5^{\circ}C$ (mean $25.0{\pm}0.05^{\circ}C$). The process of ovogenesis reached the two-cell stage in 50 minutes after fertilization. In 73 hours of fertilization the movement of the embryoid body became active state and the larvae began to hatch from the tail through the oolemma. Length of prelarvae were 6.33~6.50 mm long (mean $6.40{\pm}0.06mm$) just after hatching having yolk with their mouth not opened. After thirty eight days of hatching, juveniles were 30.6~32.5 mm long (mean $31.5{\pm}0.65mm$). The color was dark yellowish brown throughout the entire body, and the number of caudal fin rays developed to thirty six perfectly.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.183-191
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• 1990

To check the possible transportation of gaseous air pollutants with the particles of yellow sand in the movement of air masses during the Yellow Sand Phenomenon, the concentrations of such air pollutants as TSP, $SO_2, CO, NO_x, O_3 and N-CH_4$, and wind wpeed were measured during the Yellow Sand Phenomenon (April 8 $\sim 10, 1990) and they were compared with those during the normal times in Korea. Meanwhile dust color of the samples during the Yellow Sand Phenomenon was the color of sand, that during the normal times was dark-brown. The concentrations of dusts; water soluble components, and metallic components of soil-originated elements during the Yellow Sand Phenomenon were higher than those during the normal times. While the metallic components in the dusts during the Yellow Sand Phenomenon were from soil-originated elements, those during the normal times were of both soiloriginated and sea-originated elements. The change of hourly concentrations of air pollutants showed bi-modal distribution during the two periods. Generally, the concentration levels of air pollutants during the Yellow Sand Period were higher than those during the normal times. Although similarity was observed in the primary sources, differences were observed in the dynamics of the secondary sources due to chemical reactions of the air pollutants during the two periods.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2000

It has been more than ten years since Dukun mine was abandoned. Tailings of waste deposits and slime dumps in the abandoned Dukum mine have been left to be deserted for fifty years. The results of fifty years of neglecting are nothing short of major environmental problems. Slime dumps have been exposed to air and water in the mine over ten years and then soil profile has been formed well. Soil in the upper layer (A horizon) is the light gray color due to the leaching of cations. Soil in the lower layer (A2 horizon, 0.2∼0.3m)is tinted with reddish brown and yellowish brown color due to the development of iron oxides and iron hydroxides. Soil in the lower part of B horizon of (1.0∼3.0m) with the growth of copper and zinc oxides exposes to the bluish green, light blue, and dark gray. Ranging from 3m to 8m in depth, 85 samples were taken from 22 sampling sites with 50m intervals located on the slime dump area with hand auger and trench (open cut). As tailings was distributed, heavy metal elements extracted by the process of surface water and ground water move and disperse in to the hydrosphere. Waste dumps were distributed in and around the mine and water draining from those dumps be a potential source of contamination. Soils, thus, can be dispersed into downslope and downstream through wind and water by clastic movement. These materials may be deposited in another horizon if the water is withdrawn, or if the materials are precipitated as a result of differences in pH, or other conditions in deeper horizons. These were primarily associated with acid mine drainage. The characteristics and rate of release of acid mine drainage are influenced by various chemical and biological reactions at the source of acid generations. Prolonged extration of heavy metal elements has a detrimental effect on the agricultural land and residental area. Twenty soil samples were collected from the agricultural land in the area (0∼30 cm). Seventeen samples were also taken from the sediment in the stream running alongside the dumps. The dispersion patterns of heavy metal elements are as follows: The content of As ranged 2∼6 ppm in a horizon, 20∼125 ppm in B horizon with large amount of clay mineral is concentrated and the content of Cd ranged 1∼2 ppm in A horizon, 4∼22 ppm in B horizon. Like Cd, the content of As, Cu, Zn, Pb in B horizon is higher than that in A horizon (approximately 5∼100 times). When soil formation proceeds in stages, it is necessary to investicate the B horizon with the concentration of heavy metal and preventive measures will have to established.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.351-358
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• 2016

DC-EPG 시스템을 활용하여 애멸구(Laodelphax striatellus) 암컷 성충이 벼를 섭식하는 동안 발생되는 전기적 신호를 기록하고 분석하여, 벼멸구에서 보고된 것(Seo et al., 2009)과 같은 방식으로, np, L1, L2, L3, L4-a, L4-b, L5의 7 개 EPG 파형으로 구별하였다. 파형들의 모양과 발생 패턴은 벼멸구(Nilaparvata lugens)와 매우 유사하였고, L4-b의 직전에는 반드시 L3와 L4-a가 연속된 순서로 나타났다. 감로는 L4-b에서 주기적으로 분비되었다. 레이저 stylectomy 후 섭식부분의 미세절편을 관찰한 결과, 애멸구 구침의 끝이 L3와 L4-a, L4-b에서는 벼의 체관부 근처 또는 체관부에서 관찰된 반면, L5에서는 물관부에서 관찰되었다. 레이저 stylectomy로 L4-b에서 잘려진 애멸구 구침의 절단부로부터 유일하게 벼수액이 용출되었고, HPLC로 분석된 수액 안의 당 성분으로 식물의 체관부 탄수화물 이동태인 설탕(sucrose)만이 검출되었다. 이상의 관찰 결과와 애멸구의 EPG 파형 전개 과정 분석을 통해, L1과 L2는 관다발 도달 전에 발생하는 구침을 찌르고 타액 분비가 동반된 구침의 이동 행동으로, L3와 L4-a는 체관부에서 섭식을 위해 사전에 준비하는 과정으로, L4-b는 체관부 수액을 흡즙하는 행동으로, 마지막으로 L5는 물관부에서 형성되는 섭식행동으로 벼멸구와 유사하게 결론지었다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.25-38
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• 2009

경주석빙고(보물 제66호)는 조선시대 얼음 저장고로서 주구성암석은 유백색 색조를 띠고 정동이 발달한 중립질의 알칼리화강암이다. 훼손도 평가 결과, 균열(12.5%), 이격(6.7%), 탈락(25.1%), 박락(20.9%), 백화현상(6.5%), 갈색 변색(9.8%), 암흑색 변색(2.0%) 및 생물에 의한 변색(26.5%) 등이 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 전체적인 물리적 훼손율은 43.7%로 홍예틀 1번과 2번에서, 변색에 의한 훼손율은 68.7%로 북벽에서 가장 높아 석빙고의 훼손 상태가 매우 심각한 것으로 평가되었다. 석빙고 내부는 겨울철을 제외하고 연중 90% 이상의 높은 상대습도를 유지하였으며, 내부 미기후는 외부 기후 변화에 의존하나 외부보다 변동이 현저히 적은 일정한 환경을 유지하고 있었다. 상대습도는 봄과 여름에 98~100%에 최빈값을 보였다. 훼손의 근본적인 요인은 강수와 지하수의 유입 및 결로수에 의한 높은 상대습도와 장기적인 수분 유지시간이다. 이 수분은 생물에 의한 변색, 부재의 재질약화, 구조체의 거동, 백화현상 등을 야기하였다. 한편 입구 전면의 사질토양으로 인한 분진과 부유 입자가 내부의 갈색 및 암흑색 변색을 가중시켰다.