• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.228-232
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• 2019

Five secondary metabolites, including a new isopimarane derivative xylaroisopimaranin A (1), were isolated from the endophytic fungus Xylaralyce sp. (HM-1), and their structures were elucidated by 1D, 2D NMR, MS and CD spectra. Their bioactivities were performed to antibacterial, Hep G2 cells cytotoxicity and brine shrimp inhibition. The biological evaluation results showed that the xylaroisopimaranin A (1), xylabisboein B (2), griseofulvin (3), 5-methylmellein (4) and mellein-5-carboxlic acid (5) displayed no significant Hep G2 cells cytotoxicity and antibacterial acitivity, but they inhibited the brine shrimp with $IC_{50}$ from 0.5 to $25{\mu}mol/mL$.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 1985

The studies on the carotenoids in the viscera the brine shrimp(Penaeus Orientalis Kishinouye) have been carried out. The brine shrimps were caught around the western coastal area of Korea from Aug. to Oct. The individual carotenoids in the acetone extracts were separated and purified by the silica gel TLC. Two isolated carotenoids were investigated and identified by epoxide test, partition test, alkaline hydrolysis, reduction with sodium borohydride and visible absorption spectrophqtometry. As the results of the series of experiments, esterified Astaxanthin was discovered as one of main pigments of Penaeus Orientalis Kishinouye.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2005

The leaf extracts of Araucaria bidwillii Hook. (Araucariaceae) were evaluated for their cytotoxic effect in various human cancer cell lines. Preliminary investigation by brine shrimp lethality assay indicated that $LC_{50}$ value of various successive extracts were found to be less than $1000\;{\mu}g/ml$, where the ethyl acetate extract showed maximum activity of less than $100\;{\mu}g/ml$. Further cytotoxic evaluation of various leaf extracts of Araucaria bidwilli Hook was carried out in four different human cancer cell lines-acute myeloblastic leukemia (HL-60), chronic myelogenic leukemia (K-562), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and cervical epithelial carcinoma (HeLa). Cytotoxicity was assessed by trypan blue dye exclusion method and 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazole-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay. From the present investigation it was found that the ethyl acetate and methanol extract of Araucaria bidwilli Hook was found to be more effective in leukemic cell lines and was less effective in MCF-7 and HeLa. The $IC_{50}$ value of the ethyl acetate extract in leukemic cell lines was found to be $28.18\;and\;34.64\;{\mu}g/ml$ and methanol extract was found to be $33.11\;&\;39.81\;{\mu}g/ml$. It can be concluded that various extract from the leaves of Araucaria bidwillii Hook. posses cytotoxic activity tested in brine shrimps and various human carcinoma cell lines.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.204-206
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• 2008

The ethanolic extract of Jasminum sambac leaves were tested for its cytotoxicity and possible antinociceptive activity in experimental animals. The extract showed potent cytotoxic activity in brine shrimp lethality assay and the LC50 was found only 25 mg/ml. The extract significantly and dose dependently inhibited the acetic acid induced writhing in mice (56.83%, P < 0.001 and 43.17%, P < 0.001 for 500 and 250 mg/kg body weight, respectively). The results supported its traditional uses.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.38 no.3 s.150
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• pp.227-233
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• 2007

Seven compounds were isolated from the n-BuOH soluble fraction of stem of Rhododendron mucronulatum as cytotoxic principles against brine shrimp lethality test. On the basis of spectral data, seven compounds were identified as (-)-catechin (1), (+)-epicatechin (2), taxifolin (3), scopoletin (4), quercetin (5), $taxifolin-3-O-{\alpha}-L- arabinopyranoside$ (6), and astragalin (7). Among tested compounds, $taxifolin-3-O-{\alpha}-L-arabinopyranoside$ (6) exhibited potent activity with $LC_{50}$ value at 4.6 ${\mu}g/ml$.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.153-156
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• 1998

The crude extract of Saussurea lappa displayed significant lethality to brine shrimp larvae. Investigation of the causative components by bioactivity-directed fractionation resulted in the isolation of three $C_17$-polyene alcohols. Based on various nmr spectral data, these compounds were identified as shikokiols which had been previously isolated from Cirsium nipponicum and/or Centaurea aegyptica. These $C_17$-polyene alcohols exhibited moderate cytotoxicities against the human tumor cell lines, A549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2, XF498, and HCT15.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.193-197
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• 1998

Two isoflavonoids were isolated from the flowers of Pueraria lobata (Flos puerariae) guided initially fractionation based on brine shrimp lethality assay. The structures were identified as 4',5,7-trihydroxy-6-methoxyisoflavone (tectorigenin) and 4',7-dihydroxy-6-methoxyisoflavone (glycitein), respectively, on the basis of their spectroscopic and physicochemical evidences.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.82-87
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• 1998

Brine shrimp lethality test has become one of our routine tools in selecting plant materials for further chemical or bioactivity studies in our laboratory. Usually, once a potentially bioactive sample has been identified, it will then be subjected to more elaborate bioassay procedures. Out of more than 200 plant samples tested we found eight samples to be toxic towards brine shrimp larvae.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.524-528
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• 1999

cis-Annonacin (1) and the mixture of (2,4)-cis-and trans-isoannonacins (2 and 3), three known mono-tetrahydrofuran annonaceous acetogenins, have been isolated form the seeds of Annona cherimolia by the use of the brine shrimp lethality test (BST) for bioactivity directed fractionation. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic and chemical methods. 1 showed potent cytotoxicities in the brine shrimp lethality test (BST) and among six human solid tumor cell lines with notable selectivity for the pancreatic cell line (PaCa-2) at about 1,000 times the potency of adriamycin. The mixture of 2 and 3 is over 10,000 times cytotoxic as adriamycin in the pancreatic cell line (PaCa-2). All of the compounds are about 10 to 100 times as cytotoxic as adriamycin in the prostate cell line (PC-3).

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.300-306
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• 2001

A novel and two known bioactive mono-tetrahydrofuran (THF) annonaceous acetogenins, annomocherin (1), annonacin (2) and annomontacin (3), have been isolated from the fractionated ethanolic extracts of the seeds of Annona cherimolia, guided by the brine shrimp lethality test (BST). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical methods. All compounds have a relative stereochemistry of threo/trans/threo for the mono-THF ring with two flanking hydroxyls. Compound 1 has a double bond at C-23/ 24 of aliphatic chain. Compound 1 was isolated from natural sources for the first time, and was named annomocherin. Two known Compounds 2 and 3 which have never been isolated from this species before, were obtained. Compound 1 exhibited potent and selective cytotoxicities against the breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and kidney carcinoma (A-498) cell lines with 100 to 1,000 times the potency of adriamycin. In brine shrimp lethality test (BST), 1-3 exhibited cytotoxicity.