• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.115-123
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• 1990

한국인 수유부의 분만 후 0.5개월부터 1,2,3,4,5개월째의 6단계로 나누어 16명의 동일인을 대상으로 모유의 무기질 함량을 초산부와 경산부로 나누어 측정한 결과 모유 100ml중 회분함량은 초산부 0.22g, 경산부 0.22g이며, 칼슘 함량은 초산부 27.36mg,경산부 27.11mg, 인 함량은 초산부 14.94mg 경산부가 14.25mg, 마그네슘 함량은 초산부2.92mg, 경산부 2.54mg이었으며 회분, 칼슘, 인, 마그네슘 함량 모두 초산부와 경산부 간에 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 수유기간이 경과함에 따라 칼슘, 인, 마그네슘 함량은 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.001)반면에 마그네슘 함량은 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.001). 모유의 Ca/P의 비율은 초산부 1.86:1, 경산부가 1.92:1, t식이의 Ca/P의 비율은 0.50:1이었다. 수유부의 섭취식이와 모유의 Ca, P과의 상관성은 없었다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.386-397
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was performed to compare the difference of maternal attachment and the maternal role confidence between mother who feeds the child with mother's milk in sanitary pack by a nurse instead of her and mother who feeds the child with artificial milk. Methods: The subjects of this study consisted of mothers of premature baby who was in NICU and can not be fed with mother's milk directly. In the sample, 21 mothers were the breast feeding group and 20 were the bottle feeding group. Data were collected from April 3, 2004 to November 2, 2005, and were analyzed using SPSS WIN 10.0. Results: The degree of maternal attachment and maternal role confidence of the breast milk feeding group was higher than that of the bottle feeding group. In accordance with general characteristics, the difference was found in maternal attachment and maternal role confidence both breast feeding group and bottle feeding group. Conclusion: More systematic nursing mediation is required for the lactation of mother's milk in sanitary pack is planned to do positive interaction between mother and the child, which has an influence on the formation of maternal attachment and the of maternal role confidence after hospitalization.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.73-76
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• 1988

영아의 생체내에서 중요한 작용을 하는 taurine이 모유중에서 어떠한 함량변화를 보이고 있는지를 알아보고자 서울에 거주하는 수유부의 모유중 초유 9건, 30일 경과한 모유 22건의 시료를 수집하여 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. Taurine 함량은 초유에서는 424n mole/ml(S. D. 120.2, n=9)(범위 $267.7{\sim}597.7n\;mole$, 성숙유에서는 297.4 mole/ml (S. D. 95.1, n=22) (범위 $166.2{\sim}493.9n\;mole$로서 나타났으며, 분만시일이 경과함에 따라 유의하게 감소하는 경향을 보였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.840-847
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• 1997

In order to investigate the protein intake of breast-fed infants, we examined sixty infants during the first 5 months of lactation. Human milk intake infants increased during lactation with the respective values of 525, 671, 734, 744 , 765 and 768g/day t 0.5, 1, 2, 3, , 4 and 5 months postpartum. The average protein contents of human milk showed 1.58, 1.38, 1.23, 1.11, 1.08and 1.07g/100g respectively. The protein intake of boys during the first 5 months of lactation averaged 9.11g/day which was higher than the 7.71g/day average for girls. Body weight of infants at birth was 3337g, which increased significantly during lactation. The protein intake per body weight of breast-fed infants in boys was significantly higher than that in girls(p<0.01). Protein intake of breast-fed infants had survey, a revaluation of the protein intake and recommended dietary allowance of protein during early infancy should be considered.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.501-509
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• 2021

Extensive studies have shown that breast milk is the best source of nutrition for infants, especially during the first six months, because it fulfills almost all of their nutritional needs. Among the many functional building blocks in breast milk, human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have been receiving more attention recently. Furthermore, it is the third most common group of compounds in human milk, and studies have demonstrated the health benefits it provides for infants, including improved nutritional status. HMOs were previously known as the 'bifidus factor' due to their 'bifidogenic' or prebiotic effects, which enabled the nourishment of the gastrointestinal microbiota. Healthy gastrointestinal microbiota are intestinal health substrates that increase nutrient absorption and reduce the incidence of diarrhea. In addition, HMOs, directly and indirectly, protect infants against infections and strengthen their immune system, leading to a positive energy balance and promoting normal growth. Non-modifiable factors, such as genetics, and modifiable factors (e.g., maternal health, diet, nutritional status, environment) can influence the HMO profile. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of how HMOs can contribute to the prevention and treatment of nutritional issues during exclusive breastfeeding.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.337-348
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• 1999

This descriptive study was cone to investigate the incidence of and reasons for the interruption of breast-feeding by married nurses. For this purpose, data was collected from married nurses, each of whose last child was under five years old, living in Seoul, Tong Hae, Sam Chok and Kang Rung. The number of children involved was 208. The data was collected from various places in Seoul, Tong Hae, Sam Chok and Kang Rung area, using 150 survey questionnaires. The results of the study were as follows: 1. The proportion of children receiving breast-feeding was 1.4%, mixed feeding 33.8% and milk feeding 64.9%. The most frequent duration of breast-feeding was one month (80.2%). 2. The major reasons for breast-feeding were the health of the child 97%, and for emotional attachment with the child 75%. 3. The major reasons for interrupting breast-feeding were the job of mother 79.5%, and an abnormality of the breast or nipple 26.0%. 4. The major reasons for quitting breast-feeding were the job of mother 89.2%, insufficient breast milk 34.2%, and breast pain 19.9%. The above results suggest that the breast-feeding ratio in married nurses is very low. Therefore it is recommended that education about and propagation of breast-feeding be carried out. To enhance and promote breast-feeding, hospital managers should provide a comfortable environment, which is conducive to breast-feeding.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.433-437
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• 2002

본 연구는 손착유 모유와 breast-pump에 의한 기계착유모유 중의 총균수와 대장균수를 검사하고 또한 냉장 및 실온보존에 따른 모유(초유, 성숙유)와 환원조제분유의 저장성을 파악하고자 시험하였다. 시험 결과 breast-pump로 수집한 모유 중의 총균수는 2.02$\times$$10^4$CFU/mL로 손착유에 의한 총균수 1.06$\times$$10^4$ CFU/mL보다 약 2배 가량 많이 나타났으며 특히 대장균의 경우, 손착유에 의한 감염율이 12.9%인 반면 breast-pump로 수집한 모유의 감염율은 19.5%로 높게 나타났다. 또한 모유와 환원조제분유를 냉장(4$^{\circ}C$) 및 실온(2$0^{\circ}C$, 3$0^{\circ}C$)상태에서 보존하면서 총균수와 대장균수의 변화를 시험한 결과, 4$^{\circ}C$에서 대장균수의 변화는 10일 동안 뚜렷한 변화를 보이지 않았으며 총균수는 지속적으로 약간 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. 2$0^{\circ}C$에서 총균수의 변화는 모유 성숙유와 모유 초유에서 뚜렷한 증가 추세를 보이지 않았으나 대장균의 경우 지속적인 증가 추세를 보였으며, 특히 환원조제분유에서 대장균수는 12시간 이후 급속히 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 총균수의 변화는 모유 성숙유의 경우 12시간 이후 급속히 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 모유 초유의 경우 뚜렷한 증가 추세를 보여주지 않았다. 반면에 환원조제분유는 6시간 이후 급속히 증가하는 추세를 나타냈다.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2008년도 제49회 학술심포지움 및 국제학술대회
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• pp.96.1-96.1
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• 2008

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2008년도 제49회 학술심포지움 및 국제학술대회
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• pp.93.1-93.1
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• 2008

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.1067-1071
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• 2020

To understand the formation of initial gut microbiota, three initial fecal samples were collected from two groups of two breast milk-fed (BM1) and seven formula milk-fed (FM1) infants, and the compositional changes in gut microbiota were determined using metagenomics. Compositional change analysis during week one showed that Bifidobacterium increased from the first to the third fecal samples in the BM1 group (1.3% to 35.1%), while Klebsiella and Serratia were detected in the third fecal sample of the FM1 group (4.4% and 34.2%, respectively), suggesting the beneficial effect of breast milk intake. To further understand the compositional changes during progression from infancy to childhood (i.e., from three weeks to five years of age), additional fecal samples were collected from four groups of two breast milk-fed infants (BM2), one formula milk-fed toddler (FM2), three weaning food-fed toddlers (WF), and three solid food-fed children (SF). Subsequent compositional change analysis and principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) revealed that the composition of the gut microbiota changed from an infant-like composition to an adult-like one in conjunction with dietary changes. Interestingly, overall gut microbiota composition analyses during the period of progression from infancy to childhood suggested increasing complexity of gut microbiota as well as emergence of a new species of bacteria capable of digesting complex carbohydrates in WF and SF groups, substantiating that diet type is a key factor in determining the composition of gut microbiota. Consequently, this study may be useful as a guide to understanding the development of initial gut microbiota based on diet.