• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2004

게임 개발 프로세스의 초기단계에서는 창의적인 아이디어 발상이 요구되는 단계로 게임의 성공과 실패 여부를 조기에 판가름 할 정도로 중요한 일이다. 이를 위해 개발된 웹 기반 창의적 발상 시스템(Creative Group Thinking System)은 이와 같은 컨셉디자인 단계에서 아이디어 발상을 지원하기 위해 개발된 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 아이디어 발상에서 발상의 전환과 시너지 효과를 주는 Tips를 이용한 효과를 알아보고 이를 토대로 개발 초기에 컨셉의 완성도를 높일 수 있는 방법을 찾아 게임 개발 프로세스를 개선하는데 목적을 둔다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2003

디자인 프로세스의 초기단계에서 컨셉 디자인은 창의적인 아이디어 발상이 요구되는 단계로 제품의 성공과 실패여부를 조기에 판가름 할 정도로 중요한 일이다. 이를 위해 개발된 웹 기반 창의적 발상 시스템(Creative Group Thinking System:이하 CGTS)은 이와 같은 컨셉디자인 단계에서 아이디어 발상을 지원하기위해 개발된 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 HCI(Human Computer Interface)와 UI(User Interface)에 대하여 알아보고 이를 토대로 하나의 웹 기반 발상시스템(CGTS)의 UserInterface(이하 UI)를 개선하여 사용성을 높이는데 목적을 둔다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2007

신제품을 개발하기 위해서는 창의적인 아이디어가 중요한 요소일 것이다. 제품개발 프로세스 1단계에서는 어떻게 새로운 아이디어를 발상할 것인가에 대한 문제 해결 능력에 있다고 본다. 통합교육(장애 및 비 장애학생에 대한 통합교육)에 있어서 창의적인 아이디어 도출을 위하여 다양한 정보의 활용과 시각적 공간적 형태에 근거한 문제의 해결능력을 키우고자 한다. 또한 학생들 간의 집단적 토론 방법을 활용하여 본인의 소질과 사고 능력을 발휘하여 팀원간의 아이디어를 발상 할 수 있도록 프로그램을 구성하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 컴퓨터응용 기술을 바탕으로 통합교육의 효율성을 높이기 위해 웹(Web)을 기반으로 한 창의적 아이디어를 창출하는 모형을 제시하고자 한다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.835-855
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• 2021

With the recent increase in data disclosure, the Comprehensive Knowledge Archive Network (CKAN), which is an open-source data distribution platform, is drawing much attention. CKAN is used together with additional extensions, such as Datastore and Datapusher for data management and Harvest and DCAT for data collection. This study derives the problems of CKAN itself and Harvest Extension. First, CKAN causes two problems of data inconsistency and storage space waste for data deletion. Second, Harvest Extension causes three additional problems, namely source deletion that deletes only sources without deleting data themselves, job stop that cannot delete job during data collection, and service interruption that cannot provide service, even if data exist. Based on these observations, we propose herein an improved CKAN that provides a new deletion function solving data inconsistency and storage space waste problems. In addition, we present an improved Harvest Extension solving three problems of the legacy Harvest Extension. We verify the correctness and the usefulness of the improved CKAN and Harvest Extension functions through actual implementation and extensive experiments.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2002

Purpose : Three dimensional conformal radiotherapy planning is being used widely for the treatment of patients with brain tumor. However, it takes much time to develop an optimal treatment plan, therefore, it is difficult to apply this technique to all patients. To increase the efficiency of this technique, we need to develop standard radiotherapy plant for each site of the brain. Therefore we developed several 3 dimensional conformal radiotherapy plans (3D plans) for tumors at each site of brain, compared them with each other, and with 2 dimensional radiotherapy plans. Finally model plans for each site of the brain were decide. Materials and Methods : Imaginary tumors, with sizes commonly observed in the clinic, were designed for each site of the brain and drawn on CT images. The planning target volumes (PTVs) were as follows; temporal $tumor-5.7\times8.2\times7.6\;cm$, suprasellar $tumor-3\times4\times4.1\;cm$, thalamic $tumor-3.1\times5.9\times3.7\;cm$, frontoparietal $tumor-5.5\times7\times5.5\;cm$, and occipitoparietal $tumor-5\times5.5\times5\;cm$. Plans using paralled opposed 2 portals and/or 3 portals including fronto-vertex and 2 lateral fields were developed manually as the conventional 2D plans, and 3D noncoplanar conformal plans were developed using beam's eye view and the automatic block drawing tool. Total tumor dose was 54 Gy for a suprasellar tumor, 59.4 Gy and 72 Gy for the other tumors. All dose plans (including 2D plans) were calculated using 3D plan software. Developed plans were compared with each other using dose-volume histograms (DVH), normal tissue complication probabilities (NTCP) and variable dose statistic values (minimum, maximum and mean dose, D5, V83, V85 and V95). Finally a best radiotherapy plan for each site of brain was selected. Results : 1) Temporal tumor; NTCPs and DVHs of the normal tissue of all 3D plans were superior to 2D plans and this trend was more definite when total dose was escalated to 72 Gy (NTCPs of normal brain 2D $plans:27\%,\;8\%\rightarrow\;3D\;plans:1\%,\;1\%$). Various dose statistic values did not show any consistent trend. A 3D plan using 3 noncoplanar portals was selected as a model radiotherapy plan. 2) Suprasellar tumor; NTCPs of all 3D plans and 2D plans did not show significant difference because the total dose of this tumor was only 54 Gy. DVHs of normal brain and brainstem were significantly different for different plans. D5, V85, V95 and mean values showed some consistent trend that was compatible with DVH. All 3D plans were superior to 2D plans even when 3 portals (fronto-vertex and 2 lateral fields) were used for 2D plans. A 3D plan using 7 portals was worse than plans using fewer portals. A 3D plan using 5 noncoplanar portals was selected as a model plan. 3) Thalamic tumor; NTCPs of all 3D plans were lower than the 2D plans when the total dose was elevated to 72 Gy. DVHs of normal tissues showed similar results. V83, V85, V95 showed some consistent differences between plans but not between 3D plans. 3D plans using 5 noncoplanar portals were selected as a model plan. 4) Parietal (fronto- and occipito-) tumors; all NTCPs of the normal brain in 3D plans were lower than in 2D plans. DVH also showed the same results. V83, V85, V95 showed consistent trends with NTCP and DVH. 3D plans using 5 portals for frontoparietal tumor and 6 portals for occipitoparietal tumor were selected as model plans. Conclusion : NTCP and DVH showed reasonable differences between plans and were through to be useful for comparing plans. All 3D plans were superior to 2D plans. Best 3D plans were selected for tumors in each site of brain using NTCP, DVH and finally by the planner's decision.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.105-110
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• 1994

In this paper, we present a method to evaluate source locations and distributed region which is specified brain activity, as indicated by locations and strengths of intracranial sources, using potential gradients of interpolation polynomials and topographic mapping of the EEG records. This method can analyze the variance of source temporally or spatially and leads to enable a quantitative evaluation of potential gradients drawing methods which is now being used in the clinic. In the result, we obtained the overall potentials distribution on the entire scalp and the information of potential source locations from the EEG records of a patient which was known to epilepsy.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.100-105
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• 1999

Purpose : When the value of X,Y,Z coordination of the isocenter are reallocated from an arbitrary point using DRR (Digitally Reconstructed Radiographs) image in CT Simulation, conventional simulation is normally performed to verify the accuracy of this reallocation of the isocenter through the fluroscopy. The purpose of our experiment is to determine whether repeated test of the verification is necessary or not, and to analyze errors of reallocation with respect to the body region and the beam projection, if necessary, Material and Method : For 200 simulation patient, an arbitrary point is marked on each body and axial scaning is performed using CT, and treatment planing is done by drawing tumor and target volume on each slice. Using the planing data and the reallocated point of the isocenter, DRR image can be obtained and the final isocenter are marked on the patient's skin. In order to verify this reallocation of X,Y.Z coordination from CT simulation, We measure and evaluate the errors of these value on the fluoroscopy monitor and systematize them by classifying according to each body region (Brain, Neck and SCL, Lung, Esophagus, abdomen, Breast and Pelvis) and each beam projection {AP(PA), Supine, Prone and conformal : etc. } Conclusion : Isocenters are shifted by 3-5 mm in the case of Neck & SCL, Breast. at Abdomen, while noticeable differences are not found in other regions. Also, there are not correlations between the errors and the body regions or beam projections. However, our experiment intends to decide whether the procedure of verification is necessary on the vase of time and economy. It is regretful that we could not fully analyze the geometrical errors of DRR image and visual errors from the divergence. In conclusion, according to how much doctor consider tumor margin in drawing tumor and target volume, the meaning of analysis on the reallocation of isocenter should be reinterpreted, (which depends on the experience and capability of doctors)

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2006

For this study, we carried out dementia assessment examination of 74 patients with memory disturbance who have come to Cheongju oriental hospital of Daejeon university from April 2005 to February 2006. This study classified the patients as none-dementia(ND), questionable dementia(QD), and dementia(DA) groups and analyzed the result of examination. As a result, the following conclusion was drawn. 1. Among the 3 groups, there was no significant differences in the sex distribution. But according to age distribution, the age of QD and DA groups showed significant difference from that of ND group. 2. MMSE-K and HDS-K scores showed the significant differences among all groups, and 7 MS result showed the significant difference between ND and the other groups. 3. The DA group significantly got lower scores than ND group in the items of the MMSE-K, Orientation, Registration, Recall, Attention, Copy two pentagons and Comprehension. Especially, significant difference also was shown in the orientation item between QD and DA groups. 4. The scores in the items of 7 MS, Benton temporal orientation, Enhanced cued recall and Clock drawing showed significant difference among all groups. Category fluency score showed significant difference between ND and the other groups. 5. The results of Brain CT and clinical chemistry test didn't show significant difference among all groups.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.7069-7074
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• 2013

Programmed cell death is a basic cellular process that is critical to maintaining tissue homeostasis. In contrast to apoptosis, necrosis was previously regarded as an unregulated and uncontrollable process. However, as research has progressed, necrosis, also known as necroptosis or programmed necrosis, is drawing increasing attention, not least becasu of its possible impications for cancer research. Necroptosis exhibits a unique signaling pathway that requires the involvement of receptor interaction protein kinases 1 and 3 (RIP1 and RIP3), mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL), and phosphoglycerate mutase 5 (PGAM5) and can be specifically inhibited by necrostatins. Not only does necroptosis serve as a backup cell death program when apoptosis is inhibited, but it is now recognized to play a pivotal role in regulating various physiological processes and the pathogenesis of a variety of human diseases such as ischemic brain injury, immune system disorders and cancer. The control of necroptosis by various defined trigger factors and signaling pathways now offers the opportunity to target this cellular process for therapeutic purposes. The purpose of this paper is to review current findings concerning the connections between various trigger factors and the RIP1/RIP3 signaling pathway as it relates to necroptosis.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.169-184
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• 2016

Objectives: To investigate the neurophysiological effect of acupuncture treatment on insomnia patients using quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) and standardized Low Resolution Brain Electromagnetic Tomography method (sLORETA).Background: Insomnia is one of the commonly encountered symptoms in primary medical care. Recent studies of acupuncture for insomnia reported that the acupuncture groups showed significant improvements compared with the control groups. However, the neurophysiological mechanism of acupuncture in the treatment of insomnia has not been revealed and a few studies have measured the effect of acupuncture treatment using QEEG.Methods: Participants who had some problems in initiating or maintaining sleep, or had non-restorative sleep for more than 3 days a week and ISI scores above 8 and below 21 were treated by acupuncture for 2 weeks (3 times a week, total 6 times). We assessed the effectiveness of acupuncture for insomnia by the PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) at baseline and at 2 weeks after the end of treatment (4th week). Also, we performed EEG and analysed the EEG data at baseline and at the end of treatment (2nd week) on the linked ears montage using the Neuroguide software program and sLORETA.Results: Thirty-two participants were enrolled and 2 participants dropped out because of personal reasons. Among the 30 participants, EEGs of 12 participants were included in the analysis of QEEG and sLORETA. Total score on the ISI and PSQI was significantly decreased after acupuncture treatment. The number of electrodes exceeding the range of 90% (±1.65) or 95% (±1.96) in the z scored absolute power of beta was significantly decreased after acupuncture treatment. There was no significant change in brain activation between pre- and post-acupuncture using sLORETA.Conclusions: The deviation of absolute power compared to the normative database was significantly decreased after acupuncture treatment in the alpha and beta ranges. Therefore, we suggest that acupuncture treatment for insomnia might be effective through the central nervous system especially in the brain. There are many limitations to drawing any conclusion. Further studies are needed in the future to overcome these limitations.