• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제55권9호
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• pp.354-357
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• 2012

Behçet disease (BD) is rare in childhood. We report a 9-year-old boy with neuro-Behçet disease who presented diplopia and weakness on the left side after a cerebral concussion. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed hyperintensity of the right mesodiencephalic junction on T2-weighted and fluid attenuated inversion recovery images. Prednisolone administration resulted in complete remission and normalization of abnormal MRI finding. Brain MRI is a useful diagnostic tool when the neurological sign is the first symptom of subclinical BD.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.190-193
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• 2011

Disseminated cysticercosis is a rare form of cysticercosis in which the cysticerci spread out through the whole body. We report the first case of a 39-year-old Mongolian with disseminated cysticercosis. He visited our hospital with generalized tonic-clonic seizure. After extensive investigation from brain computed tomography (CT), spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), whole body MRI and pathologic biopsy, he was diagnosed as having cysticercosis involving the brain, subcutaneous tissue, and skeletal muscles through the whole body. We treated him with the albendazole in which case the followed MRI showed that numbers of cystic lesions were copiously decreased. We report an unsual case of disseminated cysticercosis treated with medical therapy.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의학물리학회 2002년도 Proceedings
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• pp.352-355
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not acupuncture of GB34 produces a significant response of the modulation of somatomotor areas by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study. The acupoint, GB34, located in the back of the knee, is known to be effective in recovering motor function after stroke. Using 3T MRI scanner, functional MR imaging of the whole brain was performed in 12 normal healthy subjects during two stimulation paradigms; acupuncture manipulation on GB 34 and sham points. This study investigates the activation of the mortor cortex elicited by a soft and an intensified stimulation of GB 34. Three different paradigms were carried out to detect any possible modulation of the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) response in the somatomortor area to motor stimulation through acupuncture. Group analysis from seven individuals showed that bilateral sensorimotor areas (BA 3,4,6 and 7) showed stimulation related BOLD signal contrast of approximately 6% whereas very few areas were activated when sham stimulation is given. The present study shows that acupuncture fMRI study can be safely conducted in 3T MRI environment, and acupuncture stimulation in GB34 modulates the cortical activities of the somatomotor area in human. The present findings may shed light on the CNS mechanism of motor function by acupuncture and form a basis for future investigations of motor modulation circuits in the stroke patients.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.623-632
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 담요 제공이 Brain MRI 검사를 받는 환자들에게 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위한 것이다. 연구대상은 G시에 소재한 일 대학병원에서 Brain MRI 검사를 받는 52명의 환자였다. 실험군(n=26)은 검사 전에 담요를 제공받았다. 자료는 2015년 3월부터 12월까지 수집되었으며, chi-squared test, the independent t-test, repeated measures ANOVA를 이용하여 분석되었다. STAI로 측정된 불안은 두 집단 간에 유의한 차이가 없었으나 시각적상사척도로 측정된 불안 정도는 실험군에서 유의하게 감소되었다(t=-2.75, p=.008). 혈압과 맥박에서는 실험군과 대조군 간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 따라서 추후에는 Brain MRI 검사를 받는 환자의 불안 정도를 경감시켜줄 수 있는 연구가 필요하다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.113-117
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• 2000

Objective : Asymptomatic cyst of the pineal gland is a common incidental finding in adults on computerized tomography or magnetic resonance image(MRI) or at postmortem examination. This study was conducted to identify MRI findings of the benign pineal cysts and to determine the proper management of asymptomatic pineal cysts. Methods : From January 1995 to March 1999, 13 cases of asymptomatic pineal cysts were diagnosed incidentally on MRI. The mean age of the patients at diagnosis was 43 years(ranged 8 to 69 years). Five patients were females and eight patients were males. We analyzed the clinical presentations and MRI findings. Results : Clincal features were not related to pineal cysts in all 13 cases included posttraumatic headache in seven cases, headache related to brain tumor in two cases, one of facial palsy, one of diabetic neuropathy, and two of other diseases. MRI demonstrated a well-demarcated mass lesion(mean 1.3cm in diameter) of low signal intensity on T1-weighted images and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI, performed in 10 cases, demonstrated a rim enhancement. Hydrocephalus was not present in all cases. Follow-up MRI(ranged 12 to 36 months) obtained in 3 of the 13 patients showed stability of cyst size. After symptomatic treatment, presenting symptoms were resolved in all patients and symptom related to pineal cysts have not been developed during follow up period(mean 27 months). Conclusion : The long-term behavior of asymptomatic pineal cysts is still unknown. But we advocate conservative management of these benign pineal cysts that may be developmental variants of normal pineal gland.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.131-136
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• 2015

Objective : To investigate the incidence of corpus callosum injury (CCI) in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) using brain MRI. We also performed a review of the clinical characteristics associated with this injury. Methods : A total of 356 patients in the study were diagnosed with TBI, with 94 patients classified as having mild TBI. We included patients with mild TBI for further evaluation if they had normal findings via brain computed tomography (CT) scans and also underwent brain MRI in the acute phase following trauma. As assessed by brain MRI, CCI was defined as a high-signal lesion in T2 sagittal images and a corresponding low-signal lesion as determined by axial gradient echo (GRE) imaging. Based on these criteria, we divided patients into two groups for further analysis : Group I (TBI patients with CCI) and Group II (TBI patients without CCI). Results : A total of 56 patients were enrolled in this study (including 16 patients in Group I and 40 patients in Group II). Analysis of clinical symptoms revealed a significant difference in headache severity between groups. Over 50% of patients in Group I experienced prolonged neurological symptoms including dizziness and gait disturbance and were more common in Group I than Group II (dizziness : 37 and 12% in Groups I and II, respectively; gait disturbance : 12 and 0% in Groups I and II, respectively). Conclusion : The incidence of CCI in patients with mild TBI was approximately 29%. We suggest that brain MRI is a useful method to reveal the cause of persistent symptoms and predict clinical prognosis.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2023년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.574-575
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• 2023

뇌종양은 인체에 발생하는 여러 종양 중 세 번째로 많이 나타난다. 뇌종양 환자 수는 지속해서 증가하고 있으며, 별도의 예방법이 존재하지 않아 빠른 진단 및 종양 종류에 따른 치료가 매우 중요하다. 현재 뇌종양 진료는 전문의가 전용 소프트웨어로 뇌 Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) 이미지를 확대, 축소하여 자세히 살펴보면서 종양의 크기, 위치, 양성/악성 여부 등을 판단한다. 이 방식은 의사의 숙련도에 따라 진료 시간과 판독의 차이가 크고 오진 가능성이 있다. 본 논문은 뇌종양 종류별 MRI 이미지가 학습된 CNN 모델을 사용한 의사의 뇌종양 진단 시간 단축, 진단 정확도 향상을 통해 환자 치료의 효율성을 높이는 방안으로 Brain Tumor X를 제안한다.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.164-171
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• 2021

Purpose: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Brain atrophy in this disease spectrum begins in the medial temporal lobe structure, which can be recognized by magnetic resonance imaging. To overcome the unsatisfactory inter-observer reliability of visual evaluation, quantitative brain volumetry has been developed and widely investigated for the diagnosis of MCI and AD. The aim of this study was to assess the prediction accuracy of quantitative brain volumetry using a fully automated segmentation software package, NeuroQuant^®, for the diagnosis of MCI. Materials and Methods: A total of 418 subjects from the Korean Brain Aging Study for Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease cohort were included in our study. Each participant was allocated to either a cognitively normal old group (n = 285) or an MCI group (n = 133). Brain volumetric data were obtained from T1-weighted images using the NeuroQuant software package. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to investigate relevant brain regions and their prediction accuracies. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that normative percentiles of the hippocampus (P < 0.001), amygdala (P = 0.003), frontal lobe (P = 0.049), medial parietal lobe (P = 0.023), and third ventricle (P = 0.012) were independent predictive factors for MCI. In ROC analysis, normative percentiles of the hippocampus and amygdala showed fair accuracies in the diagnosis of MCI (area under the curve: 0.739 and 0.727, respectively). Conclusion: Normative percentiles of the hippocampus and amygdala provided by the fully automated segmentation software could be used for screening MCI with a reasonable post-processing time. This information might help us interpret structural MRI in patients with cognitive impairment.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.210-219
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate if double inversion recovery (DIR) imaging can have a role in the evaluation of brain ischemia, compared with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging. Materials and Methods: Sixty-seven patients within 48 hours of onset, underwent MRI scans with FLAIR, DWI with b-value of 0 (B0) and $1000s/mm^2$, and DIR sequences. Patients were categorized into four groups: within three hours, three to six hours, six to 24 hours, and 24 to 48 hours after onset. Lesion-to-normal ratio (LNR) value was calculated and compared among all sequences within each group, by the Friedman test and conducted among all groups, for each sequence by the Kruskal-Wallis test. In qualitative assessment, signal intensity changes of DIR, B0, and FLAIR based on similarity with DWI and image quality of each sequence, were graded on a 3-point scale, respectively. Scores for detectability of lesions were compared by the McNemar's test. Results: LNR values from DWI were higher than DIR, but not statistically significant in all groups (P > 0.05). LNR values of DIR were significantly higher than FLAIR within 24 hours of onset (P < 0.05). LNR values were significantly different between, before, and after six hours onset time for DIR (P = 0.016), B0 (P = 0.008), and FLAIR (P = 0.018) but not for DWI (P = 0.051). Qualitative analysis demonstrated that detectability of DIR was higher, compared to that of FLAIR within 4.5 hours and six hours of onset (P < 0.05). Also, the DWI quality score was lower than that of DIR, particularly relative to infratentorial lesions. Conclusion: DIR provides higher detectability of hyperacute brain ischemia than B0 and FLAIR, and does not suffer from susceptibility artifact, unlike DWI. So, DIR can be used to replace evaluation of the FLAIR-DWI mismatch.

• 감성과학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.365-374
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• 2005

통증은 다른 일반 감각과는 달리 감각적인 면과 정서적인 면이 있어, 인격, 기대, 암시, 과거 통증경험과 같은 개인의 심리적 특성이나 사회문화적 환경 등 여러 요인에 의해 크게 영향을 받는다. 이러한 환자의 주관적인 통증의 호소를 객관화하려는 노력은 여러 통증 치료 의사들한테 많이 시도되어 왔으나 아직도 정확한 객관적인 진단방법이 나타나고 있지 않다. 최근에 PET이나 fMRI의 등장은 이러한 면에서 통증에 관한 연구를 하는 학자들에게 커다란 도움을 주고 있고 현재에도 이러한 뇌 기능적 자기공명영상을 이용한 많은 연구결과들이 보고되고 있다. 뇌는 어떠한 기능을 수행하기 위하여 특정부위의 뇌 신경활동이 항진되면 이와 함께 그 부위의 국소적 뇌 혈류 및 대사가 증가하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이러한 생리적 변화를 이용하여 뇌에 국소적 신경활성화가 생기는 위치를 mapping 할 수 있다. mapping 대상 뇌 기능은 지각, 운동, 기억, 언어 등의 기능에서 출발하여 최근 감정, 정서, 사회적 인식, 도덕적 판단, 의식, 마음까지 조사대상이 넓어지고 있다. 본 발표에서는 이러한 뇌 기능 영상기법에 대한 내용과 뇌 기능 영상 기법을 이용하여 통증의 평가를 어떻게 할 수 있는지를 알아보고자 한다.