• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.288-293
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• 2006

Background : Monoplegia is the paralysis of a limb. It is commonly caused by an injury to the cerebral cortex, and rarely caused by injury to the internal capsule, brain stem, or spinal cord. Most problems with cerebral cortex is derived from the occlusion of a brain cortex blood vessel due to thrombus or embolus. Objectives : This study is to see if there is a significance in thermal differences of acupoints in diagnosis and treatment of monoplegia on an upper extremity to test the validity of acupuncture and herbal treatment for it. Methods : By using Digital Infrared Thermographic Imaging(DITI), thermal differences$({\Delta}T)$ of acupoints on the upper extremity in a patient with monoplegia on the right upper extremity were measured after an attack of the disease. By giving Mangeum-tang(萬金湯) and treating the patient with acupuncture. the temperature changes of the upper extremity were examined through DITI and improvement was observed. Results : Compared with the left arm which suffered no such injury, the right recovered about 80% of sensation, and the grade of monoplegia improved from Grade O to Grade V. Also, the temperatures of right palmar-dorsal hand and the region of Weiguan(外關, Waiguan, TE5) were $1^{\circ}C$ and $1.45^{\circ}C$ higher than the same left region on admission day, but the thermal differences$({\Delta}T)$ narrowed to $0.5^{\circ}C$ by the last day. Conclusions : Results suggest that DITI screening is a reliable method of prognosis and that the time required for treatment can be estimated through this method in cases of monoplegia to an upper extremity. Also, progress in treatment is reflected in thermal differences of acupoints of the monoplegic upper extremity in accordance with the theory of meridian. This supports a role for acupuncture and herbal treatment for monoplegia.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2005

목적: 전방십자인대 내에 기계적 수용체의 존재가 밝혀지면서 전방십자인대는 신경근육의 조절에 관여하는 기능이 있는 것으로 추측되어왔다. 하지만, 기계적 수용체의 존재에도 불구하고 전방십자인대의 말단 신경수용체로부터 대뇌피질까지의 구심성 체성감각신경로는 아직 명확히 밝혀지지 않았다. 강력한 신경친화성 표지자이며 신경연접을 건너 분열, 확산하는 pseudorabies virus(PRV)를 이용하여 전방십자인대의 구심성 체성감각신경로를 추적하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: PRV를 쥐의 전방십자인대에 주입한 후 약 6-7일간 신경엽접을 건너 확산하도록 허용한 후 각각의 쥐를 희생, 관류하였다. 대뇌와 척수를 체부로부터 분리하여 면역화학적으로 처리한 후 PRV의 존재여부를 확인하였다. 결과: PRV에 면역 활성화된 신경세포는 척수로부터 대뇌피질에 이르기까지 여러 위치에서 발견할 수 있었다. 특히, 뇌관의 망상활성계의 중뇌망상핵, 대뇌세포망상핵, 부거대세포망상핵, 거대세포망상핵에서 강한 양성표지반응을 보였다. 결론: 쥐의 전방십자인대의 신경말단은 척수, 뇌관 및 대뇌피질로 투사된다. 또한, 전방십자인대에 분포하는 신경말단으로부터의 대뇌피질로의 구심설 신경로에서 망상활성계가 중요한 역할을 담당할 것으로 추측된다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.242-255
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• 1997

본 연구는 비엔나 검사총집의 전산화된 검사를 포함한 다양한 주의력검사도구를 통해 주의력결핍/과잉운동장애의 특징적인 주의력결핍유형을 알아보기 위해 시행되었다. 총 9가지의 검사를 실시하여 얻어진 결과를 통해 다음과 같은 사실을 알 수 있었다. 주의력결핍/과잉운동장애아동들이 정상대조군에 비해 전반적인 경계도가 낮으며 시간이 흐름에 따른 경계도의 저하가 심하며 반응에 대한 준비도 역시 감퇴되어 있었다. 또한 감시력 검사를 통해 주의력결핍/과잉운동장애아동이 선택적 주의력의 결함을 가짐을 알 수 있었으나 지속적 주의력의 결함은 관찰되지 않았다. 이들은 정보처리용량을 초과하는 자극이 주어지는 상황에서 정상 아동들에 비해 충동적으로 반응하여 오경보오류수가 증가하였다. 전두엽기능부전에 민감한 세 가지 신경심리검사를 통하여 주의력결핍/과잉운동장애아동들의 실행능력에 결함이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 주의력결핍/과잉운동장애아동에서 나타나는 다양한 주의력의 측면에서의 결함은 이 장애가 뇌간 망상체 형성및 전두엽을 포함한 뇌의 여러 부위의 통합적인 기능이상에 의한 것이라는 가설을 지지하는 것이라고 하겠다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2015

소아백혈병의 치료방법 인 조혈모세포이식법의 전처치 방법으로서 항암제와 함께 대표적으로 사용되고 있는 전신방사선조사에 대하여 치료를 시행하기 전 정량적인 인체장기에 대한 선량을 평가하고자 하였다. 모의실험 프로그램 MCNPX를 사용하여 가상의 공간에서 소아용 모의피폭체를 대상으로 조직보상체의 재질을 변화시켜 실험을 진행하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 평균피부선량은 조직보상체의 재질에 따라 Plexiglass는 74.60 mGy/min, Al은 73.96 mGy/min, Cu는 72.26 mGy/min, Pb의 경우 67.90 mGy/min을 보였다. 둘째, 심부선량은 조직보상체 재질에 상관없이 갑상선, 생식선, 소화기계, 머리, 폐, 신장의 순으로 높게 나타났다. 끝으로 조직보상체와 환자와의 거리는 50 cm 이격시켰을 때가 이상적인 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 할 때, 조직보상체 Al, Cu, Pb은 현재 사용되고 있는 Plexiglass 재질을 대체할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.135-154
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• 2011

The great discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) has revolutionized current cell biology and medical science. miRNAs are small conserved non-coding RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression by targeting the 3' untranslated region of specific messenger RNAs for degradation or translational repression. New members of the miRNA family are being discovered on a daily basis and emerging evidence has demonstrated that miRNAs play a major role in a wide range of developmental process including cell proliferation, cell cycle, cell differentiation, metabolism, apoptosis, developmental timing, neuronal cell fate, neuronal gene expression, brain morphogenesis, muscle differentiation and stem cell division. Moreover, a large number of studies have reported links between alterations of miRNA homeostasis and pathological conditions such as cancer, psychiatric and neurological diseases, cardiovascular disease, and autoimmune disease. Interestingly, in addition, miRNA deficiencies or excesses have been correlated with a number of clinically important diseases ranging from cancer to myocardial infarction. miRNAs can repress the gene translation of hundreds of their targets and are therefore well-positioned to target a multitude of cellular mechanisms. As a consequence of extensive participation in normal functions, it is quite logical to ask the question if abnormalities in miRNAs should have importance in human diseases. Great discoveries and rapid progress in the past few years on miRNAs provide the hope that miRNAs will in the near future have a great potential in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. Currently, an explosive literature has focussed on the role of miRNA in human cancer and cardiovascular disease. In this review, I briefly summarize the explosive current studies about involvement of miRNA in various human cancers and cardiovascular disease.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2001

스트레스가 질병 및 동통과 밀접하게 관련되어 있다는 것은 주지의 사실이며, 정서적으로 중요한 구강안면영역에는 측두하악관절장애증, 구강작열감증후군 등의 다양한 스트레스성 질환이 존재하는데, 이들의 병리학적 기전에 대해서는 아직도 논란의 여지가 있다. 그리고 중추신경계인 뇌는 스트레스 반응 및 동통 신호의 전달과 조절 등에서 중요한 역할을 하는 부분이다. 이에 저자는 스트레스와 신경과의 병리적관계를 조직학적으로 밝히고자 구속스트레스하의 백서 뇌조직을 채취하여 전자현미경으로 세포변화를 관찰하였다. 생후 8주된 Sprague-Dawley계 웅성 백서 (322-367 g/bw)를 대조군으로 3마리, 실험군으로 15마리를 배정하였다. 실험군은 구속스트레스를 실험 전기간에 걸쳐 부여하였다. 모든 실험동물의 뇌간을 적출하여, 전자현미경으로 조직변화를 관찰하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 정상 대조군에서는 정상적인 형태의 수상돌기 및 세포체가 관찰되었다. 2. 구속스트레스군의 5일군과 7일군에서 작은 크기의 사립체가 다수 출현하였다. 3. 구속스트레스 3일군부터 핵주위의 공포화(vacuolization)로 핵과 세포질이 이개되었으며, 7일군에서는 이러한 핵주위의 변성이 현저하였다. 구속스트레스 부여 후 뇌세포의 미세구조를 관찰한 결과, 세포내 미세구조 및 세포간극의 변화가 있었던 것은 스트레스에 의해 신경세포가 변성될 수 있다는 것을 의미하는 것으로, 이는 스트레스와 관련된 구강안면동통 등의 질병 기전을 밝히는데 도움이 되리라 사료되며, 향후 이에 대한 추가적인 조직학적, 분자생물학적인 연구가 필요하리라 생각된다.

• 대한바이러스학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.165-174
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• 1999

To investigate viral pathogenesis and in vivo efficacy of acyclovir (ACV) in mouse HSV-1 encephalitis models, female BALB/c mice aged 5 weeks were inoculated with strain F either intranasally (IN) or intracerebrally (IC). ACV-treatment by intraperitomeal injection with 0, 5, 10 and 25 mg/kg b.i.d. for 6 days was commenced 1 h after infection. Body weight and signs of clinical disease were noted daily up to 2 weeks. $ED_{50}$ of ACV in IN infection was <5 mg/kg and 14.1 mg/kg in IC infection. Tissues of central nervous system were collected from 2 mice per group everyday up to 5 day p.i. and the virus titers were measured. In IN infection model, high titers in eyes and trigeminal nerves were observed. ACV-treatment showed significant reduction of the titers in all the isolated. In IC infection model, cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem showed high virus titers. ACV-treatment showed less significant reduction of virus titers than that in IN infection model. Reactivation of explanted trigeminal nerves from mice 30 day p.i. was monitored. In all of ACV treated mice reactivation was observed, i.e. even the highest dose of ACV did not inhibit the establishment of viral latency.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.298-305
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• 2002

These cases were performed on the bases of clinical consideration about patients who had Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) infection. One patient was a 67-years-old women who had sequela of inter cranial hemorrhage & inter ventricular hemorrhage, hypertention, urinary tract infection and pneumonia. Clinical symptoms were intermittent fever, sputum, Lt. side hemiparesis and dysphagia. She was chronic, repeated infection state. It could be regarded as "unpreparedness of the spirit which animates and controls the universe; 正氣虛", the oriental term which indicates a condition of chronic disease or general weakness. According to the oriental medicine principle, oriental medicine was taken such as Wunggunza-tang(六君子湯) and the patient had taken a turn for the better. After 3 months, MRSA infection diappeared. The other patient was a 43-years-old women who had Both brain stem infarction, Lt. cerebellar infarction, hypercholesterolemia, urinary tract infection and pneumonia, Clinical symptoms were quadriplegia, dysphagia(levin tube insert state), aphasia, respiration disorder(tracheostomy cannular keep state) and sputum. She was chronic, repeated infection state. It could be regarded as "unpreparedness of spleen energy, unpreparedness of both energy and blood; 脾氣虛, 氣血兩虛", the oriental term which indicates a condition of chronic disease or immunodeficiency. According to the oriental medicine principle, oriental medicine was taken such as Bojungyggi-tang(補中益氣湯), Palmul-tang(八物湯) and the patient had taken a turn for the better. After I month, MRSA was turned into Escherichia coli.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.235-240
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• 2013

Fusiform aneurysms on the basilar artery (BA) trunk are rare. The microsurgical management of these aneurysms is difficult because of their deep location, dense collection of vital cranial nerves, and perforating arteries to the brain stem. Endovascular treatment is relatively easier and safer compared with microsurgical treatment. Selective occlusion of the aneurysmal sac with preservation of the parent artery is the endovascular treatment of choice. But, some cases, particularly giant or fusiform aneurysms, are unsuitable for selective sac occlusion. Therefore, endovascular coiling of the aneurysm with parent vessel occlusion is an alternative treatment option. In this situation, it is important to determine whether a patient can tolerate parent vessel occlusion without developing neurological deficits. We report a rare case of fusiform aneurysms in the BA trunk. An 18-year-old female suffered a headache for 2 weeks. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance image revealed a fusiform aneurysm of the lower basilar artery trunk. Digital subtraction angiography revealed a $7.1{\times}11.0$ mm-sized fusiform aneurysm located between vertebrovasilar junction and the anterior inferior cerebellar arteries. We had good clinical result using endovascular coiling of unruptured fusiform aneurysm on the lower BA trunk with parent vessel occlusion after confirming the tolerance of the patient by balloon test occlusion with induced hypotension and accompanied by neurophysiologic monitoring, transcranial Doppler and single photon emission computed tomography. In this study, we discuss the importance of preoperative meticulous studies for avoidance of delayed neurological deficit in the patient with fusiform aneurysm on lower basilar trunk.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2004

The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the possible involvement of the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) and inferior vestibular nucleus (IVN) following acute hypotension in the vestibuloautonomic reflex through vestibulosolitary or vestibuloventrolateral projections. Acute hypotension-induced cFos expression was assessed in combination with retrograde cholera toxin B subunit (CTb) tract tracing. After injection of CTb into the solitary region, CTb-labeled neurons were located prominently around the lateral borders of the caudal MVN and medial border of the IVN. The superior vestibular nucleus also had a scattered distribution of CTb-labeled neurons. After injection of CTb toxin into the unilateral VLM, the distributions of CTb-labeled neurons in the MVN and IVN were similar to that observed after injection into the solitary region, although there were fewer CTb-labeled neurons. In the caudal MVN, about 38% and 13% of CTb-labeled neurons were double-labeled for cFos after injection of CTb into the solitary region and the VLM, respectively. In the IVN, 14% and 7% of CTb-labeled neurons were double-labeled for cFos after injection of CTb into the solitary region and the VLM, respectively. Therefore, the present study suggests that acute arterial hypotension may result in activation of vestibulosolitary pathways that mediate behavioral and visceral reflexes, and vestibuloventrolateral medullary pathways that indirectly mediate vestibulosympathetic responses.