• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.192-197
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• 2013

This study examined the phenotypic and molecular characteristics of the $2^{nd}$ clone ($T_0V_2$) plants of LeLs-antisense gene-transgenic chrysanthemum line (LeLs80) that exhibited non-branching, proving the relevance of these characteristics as a factor for use in environmental risk assessment. Results of the Southern blot analysis showed that three copies of the LeLs-antisense gene were introduced into the transgenic line, and northern analysis showed that the transcripted gene was normally expressed in the transgenic line. A flanking T-DNA sequencing method was used to determine that sequences of 184 and 464 bps flanked the LeLs-antisense gene in the transgenic line. These sequences, respectively, matched the 35S promoter for expression of the npt II gene and the NOS terminator for expression of the LeLs-antisense gene within the pCAMBIA 2300 vector.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.130-148
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• 2013

Domestic pizza market in Korea is in the age of maturity, and competition in the market is getting intense. Brand personality that can prompt consumer sensibility is evaluated as a proper method to differentiate the image of a corporate rather than products or technology that can be copied easily by competitors. In this study, we examined the structural relationships among brand personality of pizza brands in Korea, customer-brand relationship quality, and repurchase intention with selected measurement based on Aaker's Big 5. Based on questionnaires answered by 291 customers, this study examined validity and reliability by using SPSS 16.0 and AMOS 5.0 for its hypotheses. The result of the study modelling were GFI=0.900, NFI=0.922, CFI=0.965, RMSEA=0.050 at the level of ${\chi}^2$=384.130(df=1.715, p<0.001). First, sincerity, competence, and sophistication of the pizza brand personality had a positive effect on intimacy. Second, sincerity, competence, sophistication, and strength of the pizza brand personality had a positive effect on brand partner quality. Also, intimacy and brand partner quality had a positive effect on repurchase intention. Therefore, in the practical perspective, pizza brand management can utilize the findings of specific pizza brand personality in creating a competitive edge for marketing.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.11C no.3
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• pp.319-326
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• 2004

To help network intrusion detection systems(NIDSs) keep up with the demands of today's networks, that we the increasing network throughput and amount of attacks, a radical new approach in hardware and software system architecture is required. In this paper, we propose a Network Processor(NP) based In-Line mode NIDS that supports the packet payload inspection detecting the malicious behaviors, as well as the packet filtering and the traffic metering. In particular, we separate the filtering and metering functions from the deep packet inspection function using two-level searching scheme, thus the complicated and time-consuming operation of the deep packet inspection function does not hinder or flop the basic operations of the In-line mode system. From a proto-type NP-based NIDS implemented at a PC platform with an x86 processor running Linux, two Gigabit Ethernet ports, and 2.5Gbps Agere PayloadPlus(APP) NP solution, the experiment results show that our proposed scheme can reliably filter and meter the full traffic of two gigabit ports at the first level even though it can inspect the packet payload up to 320 Mbps in real-time at the second level, which can be compared to the performance of general-purpose processor based Inspection. However, the simulation results show that the deep packet searching is also possible up to 2Gbps in wire speed when we adopt 10Gbps APP solution.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.254-263
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• 2017

This study was conducted to identify the relationship between negative emotion and obesity and provide adequate information to enable effective nursing intervention in elderly. Participants were 216 elderly who had been attending two geriatric welfare facilities in Chungbuk. The data were collected between 14 and 30 August, 2017 with a structured questionnaire and body measurement. The questionnaires were CES-D, RULS, BPS and collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ${\chi}^2-test$, Fisher' exact tests, Pearson's correlation, and logistic regression with SPSS/WIN 22.0. The mean BMI of participants was $23.59{\pm}3.48$ and the prevalence of obesity was 31.9%. Significant differences were observed in age (${\chi}^2=8.16$, p=.003), gender (${\chi}^2=9.27$, p=.002), smoking (${\chi}^2=7.78$, p=.004), depression (t=2.54, p=.012) and social isolation (t=2.98, p=.003) between the normal and obesity groups. Depression (OR,1.04; 95% CI, 1.00-1.09) and social isolation (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.02-1.11) was associated with an increased risk obesity. Therefore, it was necessary to measure and quantify the depression and social isolation for weight management among the elderly. Moreover, it is necessary to develop health promotion programs and nursing intervention, including the need for physical, mental, and social relationships.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2007

HCV is a single-stranded RNA virus and more than 1 million new cases are reported annually worldwide. The six major HCV genotypes and numerous subtypes vary in their geographic distribution. It is thought that genetic heterogeneity of HCV may account for some of the differences in disease outcome and response to treatment observed in HCV infected persons. In this study, we determined HCV genotypes among chronic Korean HCV patients and evaluated direct sequence PCR protocols developed. For the study, 232 chronic HCV patient sera were used. HCV RNA was extracted and two pairs of consensus PCR primers were selected in 5'UTR region for amplification of HCV RNA. Amplification products obtained from the HCV positive cases were subjected to automatic sequencing. Sequences were compared with those in GenBank by using the BLAST program. From this study, five HCV genotypes, 1b, 2a, 2b, 2c and 3a were found. HCV genotypes 4, 5 and 6 were not determined. HCV genotype 1b (53.9%, 125/232) and 2a (35.8%, 83/232) were most frequently found. This group was followed by 2b (3.9%, 9/232), 3a (3.4%, 8/232) and 2c (3.0%, 7/232). The data presented here suggest a complex distribution of HCV types and they were well correlated with other reports on Koreans and will be helpful for type-specific follow-up of Korean HCV patients. This study showed that 5'UTR direct sequence analysis is a sensitive and rapid method to identify HCV genotypes.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.95-99
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• 2003

In addition to wired communication technology, wireless communication technology has had communication revolution nowadays. Bluethooth technology carries out data/voice communication within pico-net. Nowadays the various services are supported by access network connected to public network. This paper presents implementation of bluetooth protocol analyser which simulates bluetooth protocol. MS window98 and visual C are used for development environment and application program is operated over the firmware loaded on the bluetooth device connected to the PC through UART which of the maximum transmission rate is 115kbps because transmission rate less than 20kbps affects rarely the performance. The performance analysis on the propose system is carried out as simulating the signalling information for the voice test and the traffics between two bluetooth systems for file transfer. The throughput analysis for file transfer service and call processing capacity for voice service are considered as performance analysis parameters. File access time is very important parameter and throughput is 13 kbps in case breakpoint time to file access is 0.04sec. Also call processing time is about 16.6ms in case of communication with the headset. The performance analysis of simulation results satisfies with bluetooth device development.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.27 no.1A
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• pp.26-34
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• 2002

Mobile telecommunication systems such as IS-95 and IMT-2000 employ frame based communication using frames up to 20 msec in length and the receiving end has to store the whole frome before it is being processed. The size of the frame buffer ofter dominates those of the processing unit such as soft decision Viterbi decoder. The frame buffer for IMT-2000, for example, has to be increased 80 times as large as that of IS-95. One of the parameters deciding the number of bits in a frame will be obviously the number of bits in soft quantization. Start after striking space key 2 times. This paper has studied a new aspect of offset and quantization step size on BER performance and proposes a new 3-bit soft quantization algorithm which shows similar performance as that of 4-bit soft decision Viterbi receiver. The optimal offset values and step sizes for the other practical quantization levels ---16, 8, 4, 2--- have also been found. In addition, a new optimal symbol metric table has been devised which takes the accumulation value of various repeated signals and produces a rescaled 3-bit valu.tart after striking space key 2 times.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 2014

Background: Oriental lifestyle for treating diseases has been developed and well-accepted for a long time among Koreans. Sasang Constitution theory, originated from Korean traditional medicine, suggests that medication treatment should be differentiated by each patient's body classification (So-yang [SY], So-eum [SE], Tae-yang [TY], and Tae-eum [TE]), in contrary to western medicine's theory that medication should be applied equally by disease indication without such classification. However, the pharmacotherapeutic outcomes of these theories have not been compared to date. In this study, we aimed to compare the two theories by evaluating blood pressure (BP), which is lowered as a therapeutic outcome, among hypertensive patients taking angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) or calcium channel blockers (CCBs), two most commonly used antihypertensive classes in Korea. Methods: From April 2006 to June 2012, we retrospectively collected data on hypertensive patients with Sasang Constitution classification at Kyunghee University Hospital at Gangdong, one of the East-West collaborative medical centers in Korea. We collected information on age, gender, underlying diseases, antihypertensive drugs (ARB, CCB, ARB+CCB), and BP by reviewing the electronic medical records. We excluded patients with missing blood pressure at baseline or follow-up, or those who had a change in their antihypertensive drug class during follow-up. Results: We selected a total of 573 patients (SY: 165, SE: 158, TY: 0, TE: 250). Baseline BPs were on average 139.0/82.0 mmHg for SY, 137.8/78.5 mmHg for SE, and 138.7/79.2 mmHg for TE. In all three groups, CCBs were the most prescribed, followed by combination therapy with ARB+CCB, then ARBs. BP reduction after 1 month of initial medication was significantly different among the drug classes, but not in Sasang constitutional classification (ARB [SY: -12.4/-4.7, SE: -12.3/-2.5, TE: -8.6/-1.8], CCB [SY: -12.3/-5.4, SE: -13.0/-2.3, TE: -10.8/-6.0], ARB+CCB [SY: -15.6/-6.7, SE: -18.4/-8.1, TE: -20.2/-6.7], drug [$P{\leq}0.05$/P>0.05], constitutional type [P>0.05/P>0.05]). Conclusion: We observed significant differences in reduction of blood pressure by classes of drugs (ARB+CCB>CCB>ARB) but not by Sasang constitutional classification. Therefore, current approach of antihypertensive pharmacotherapy assisted by Western medicine is appropriate for treatment of hypertension. However, further larger scale or prospective studies are required in order to confirm these results.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.16-23
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• 2010

Since the interest of a brain science research is increased recently, various devices using brain waves have been developed in the field of brain training game, education application and brain computer interface. In this paper, we have developed a portable EEG measurement and a bluetooth based wireless transmission device measuring brain waves from the frontal lob simply and conveniently. The low brain signals about 10~100${\mu}V$ was amplified into several volts and low pass, high pass and notch filter were designed for eliminating unwanted noise and 60Hz power noise. Also, PIC24F192 microcontroller has been used to convert analog brain signal into digital signal and transmit the signal into personal computer wirelessly. The sampling rate of 1KHz and bluetooth based wireless transmission with 38,400bps were used. The LabVIEW programing was used to receive and monitor the brain signals. The power spectrum of commercial biopac MP100 and that of a developed EEG system was compared for performance verification after the simulation signals of sine waves of $1{\mu}V$, 0~200Hz was inputed and processed by FFT transformation. As a result of comparison, the developed system showed good performance because frequency response of a developed system was similar to that of a commercial biopac MP100 inside the range of 30Hz specially.

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.26.1-26.1
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• 2009

최근 반도체 세정에 있어서 지난 40년 동안 지속적으로 사용되고 있는 알칼라인 기반의 RCA 세정법은 많은 초순수 및 화학액 소모량과 세정시 불필요한 박막의 손실, 환경적인 문제로 인하여 이를 대체하고자 하는 새로운 새정액 및 세정 방법에 대한 연구가 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 특히 초순수에 가스를 혼합하여 메가소닉을 이용한 기능수 세정은 기존 RCA 세정액의 문제점들을 해결하기 위한 세정액으로 최근 반도체 제조 공정 뿐만 아니라 Photo mask, FPD 세정 공정에서 널리 이용되고 있다. 하지만 기능수에 대한 기초적인 특성 연구와 메가소닉에 의한 세정력 변화에 대한 연구는 부족한 상태이다. 본 연구에서는 고순도의 수소가스(99.999%)를 가스 접촉기, pHasorII (Entigris, USA) 와 순환 속도의 조절이 가능한 펌프, BPS-3 (Levitronix, USA) 를 이용하여 지속적으로 초순수와 수소가스를 혼합하는 방법으로 수소수를 제조하였으며, 용존 수소 농도계, DHDI-1 (TOA-DKK, Japan)으로 수소수의 농도를 확인하였다. 0.1 MPa 압력과, 3 LPM의 수소가스 유출속도에서 최대 2.0 ppm의 수소수를 얻을 수 있었으며, 수소수의 기초 특성을 평가하기 위하여 수소 농도 변화에 따른 pH, 표면 에너지를 측정하였다. 또한 압력 변화에 따른 반감기를 측정하여 bath형태의 세정기에서 적용 가능성을 평가하였다. 수소수의 세정력은 $Si_3N_4$ 입자가 임의로 오염된 실리콘 웨이퍼를 이용하여 bath 및 매엽식 세정기에서 수소수 농도와 메가소닉 형태 및 첨가제 변화에 따른 세정효율을 기존의 SC-1 세정액과 각각 비교 평가하였다. 기능수 발생장치에서 압력이 제거된 상태에서는 평균 20분의 반감기를 갖는 것이 관찰되었고, 압력이 유지된 상태에서는 수소수의 농도가 유지되는 것을 확인하였으며, pH의 경우 수소수의 농도가 점차 증가함에 따라 감소하여 2.0 ppm의 농도에서 pH 5.3정도의 값을 나타내었다. 표면 장력은 초순수와 비교했을 때 큰 변화가 없음을 확인할 수 있었다. Bath 형태의 세정기에서 메가소닉을 인가하여 수소수의 세정효율을 측정한 결과, 같은 조건에서 실험한 초순수와는 비슷하며, SC-1보다는 낮은 세정효율이 측정되었다. 반면 매엽식 세정기에서 동등한 조건의 실험을 실시한 결과, 수소수 세정에서 첨가제에 의한 영향으로 SC-1을 대체할 수 있는 높은 입자 제거효율을 가짐을 확인할 수 있었다.