• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

PURPOSE: This study investigated the neurophysiological and behavioral adaptation during one or both hands movement in chronic stroke patients. METHODS: The study included sixteen hemiplegic stroke patients. Neurophysiological data (brain activation and muscle activation) were examined by electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG), and behavioral adaptation was examined by wrist extension angle during wrist extension with one hand or both hands. Outcome variables of one hand or both hands were; mu rhythm of the EEG, EMG amplitude of wrist extensor and flexor muscles, and wrist angle of Myomotion 3D motion analysis. RESULTS: Our results revealed that wrist extension angle was significant increased during both hands movement compared to one hand movement (p<.05). Furthermore, in affected sensorimotor area, there was significant increase in the brain activation during both hands movement compared to one hand movement (p<.05). However, there was no significant different between one hand and both hands movement in muscle activation (p>.05). CONCLUSION: According to the findings of this experiment, bilateral arm movement improved brain activity on affected sensorimotor area and wrist extension angle. Therefore, we suggest that bilateral arm movement would positive effect on stroke rehabilitation in terms of increase in brain activation on affected motor area and wrist extension during bilateral arm movement.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.329-335
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• 1992

Degradation of rice straw was observed to be higher (p<0.01) in the buffaloes than in cattle. At 48 h, the dry matter (DM) loss of straw for buffaloes was 53.6 0.8% and that for cattle was 48.7 2.6%. Palm press fibre (PPF) was poorly degraded in the rumen of both animal species. A loss of about 21% DM was observed in both cattle and buffaloes after 48 h of incubation in the rumen. The pattern of bacterial and fungal colonization of straw and PPF seemed to be similar in both cattle and buffaloes. Microbial colonization was restricted by plant structures like the silica crystals in both straw and PPF. The predominant bacteria colonizing both straw and PPF fragments were the rods. Eroded zones and digestion pits were pronounced in straw fragments after 1 h of incubation. The PPF fragments appeared undegraded even after 6 h of incubation. Fungal colonization of straw was rapid and extensive in both cattle and buffaloes. The sporangia observed in straw were mainly spherical or oval in shape, but fusiform sporangia with acuminate tip were predominantly seen in PPF fragments.

• 약학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.606-613
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• 1999

To survey the possibility of replacing the pyrogen test with Limulus Amebocyte Lysate(LAL) test and to find out a standard methods suitable to our blood products made in Korea, 100 samples of 20% human serum albumin were tested by commercial LAL test kits and results of those were compared with rabbit pyrogen test. The LAL test is used both dinetic-chromogenically and kinetic-turbidimetrically. Both methods equally showed broad detection range (5.0~0.005 EU/ml), excellent sensitivity ($\geq$ 0.005 EU/ml) and predominant recovery rate within valid dilution range, but kinetic-turbidimetric method seemed to be more reproducible than kinetic-chromogenic method(kinetic-chromogenic method : S.D. = 15.88, kinetic-turbidimetric method : S.D. = 8.12). After heating the sample at 75$^{\circ}C$ for 15 min, the results showed a little elevated recovery rate with both methods. After performing the test on 100 albumin samples with both kits, the results were analysed using the USP standard (1.33 EU/ml). 7% of samples in kinetic-chromogenic methods and 1% of samples in kinetic-turbidimetric method exceeded the limit of endotoxin levels regulated for blood products in USA. Because this phenomenon was not observed in both methods at the same time and both methods have high sensitivity ($\geq$0.005 EU/ml), these results seemed to depend on nonspecific reaction. Considering its sensitivity and reproducibility, we could assure that LAL test is proper to detecting pyrogenic with good sensitivity.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.127-132
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• 1970

A patient was 29 year old house wife who was admitted to the Yonsei University Medical Center on 6 th of Nov., in 1970, with chief complaints of complete loss of bilateral visual acuity, generalized weakness, frequent palpitations, claudication of masseter muscles and intermittent fainting. These symptoms were developed 5 years prior to admission. Physical finding on admission revealed complete loss of bilateral visual acuity, absence of both radial and carotid pulse, but there was good femoral and popliteal pulse. She couldn't open her mouth as she desired and had weakness of mastication. Radiological findings of plane chest PA were not significant. Aortogram(Cineangiogram) showed non-visualization of both carotid and subclavian arteries. It showed only innominate and interal mammary artery preoperatively. The operative findings were as follows: There were complete obliterative changes in both common carotid and subclavian arteries, and periarteritis in the innominate artery. Tube Dacron Prosthesis Bypass with V-arm between innominate artery and both common carotid arteries was performed after thromboendarterectomy. Histopathological finding of the thromboend arterectomy specimen was compatible with pulseless disease, which showed marked fibrous thickening of intima and a diffuse inflammatory cell infiltration of the whole layers. Her postopererative course was uneventful. Follow up aortogram(Cineangiogram) was taken on 11th postoperative day, which revealed both common carotid arteries patent. Her preoperative Subjective symtoms disappeared remarkably, such as her visual acuity improved much, fainting and vertigo disappeared completely and she can go to bath room without difficulty and help. Another patient was 34 year old house wife who was admitted on August, 1964 with chief complaints of frequent fainting and progresive visual loss. She was operated only thromboendarterectomy of both common carotid arteries. Postoperative course was smooth and subjective symptoms were disappeared.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.85-90
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• 1986

The effect of splinting on aqbutment tooth distal movement was performed in vitro study. An acrylic resin mandibular model with missing 2nd premolars, molars and a removable partial denture framework were constructed. The roots of the canines, 1st premolars and edentulous ridges were coated with silicone rubber. A modified Ney Surveyor was used for vertical load appkication, and abutment tooth distal movement were measured with a dial gauge with four conditions of splinting methods were tested by applying unilateral vertical loadings. The results are follows; 1. The magnitude of abutment tooth distal movement on the non-load side was less 40$\sim$69% than that occurred on the load side. 2. On the load side, reducing effect of splinting on abutment tooth movement in the condition of load side double abutment(30%), non-load side double abutment(10%), double abutments of both sides(40%) was compared with single abutments of both sides. 3. On the non-load side, reducing effect of splinting on abutment tooth movement in the condition of load side double abutment(5%), non-load side double abutment(22%), double abutments of both sides(59%) was compared with single abutments of both sides. 4. The magnitude of abutment tooth distal movement in the condition of double abutments of both sides was less 40$\sim$59% than that in the condition of single abutments of both sides.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.704-713
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• 2018

Roasting has revealed coffee's potentials as a good source of bioactive compounds. This study was done to investigate the quantitative presence and activity of bioactive compounds including caffeine, chlorogenic acid (CGA), amino acids, and antioxidant capacity on Coffea arabica L. (Guatemala finca San Sebastian) and C. robusta L. (India Azad Hind). Analysis was performed on Green Bean (GB) Medium-Light (ML), Medium (ME) and Medium-Dark (MD) samples of both varieties. From the results, caffeine content was highest in ME samples of both varieties. GB samples of both varieties had high CGA content which decreased after increasing roasting time and temperature. Most amino acids in GB samples was highest, however, glutamic acid, valine, tyrosine, isoleucine, leucine and phenylalanine had highest quantitative increase in ME samples for both varieties. $IC_{50}$ of DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity was highest in ML samples of both varieties. $IC_{50}$ of reducing power and total phenolic content was highest in GB sample of both varieties but decreased after increasing roasting conditions. Generally Robusta had the highest quantity of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity. From this study, the optimal roasting condition for coffee is ME above which there is a significant reduction of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.41-56
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• 2022

This research paper presents the use of different forms of literature by the PhD researchers of the Department of Political Science and the Department of Public Administration, Punjabi University, Patiala. It is assessed by analyzing the resources cited in the PhD theses awarded by Punjabi University, Patiala during 2015-2019. The different bibliographic forms of the references have been analyzed in order to find out the year-wise submission, average citations per thesis, authorship pattern, chronology, use of electronic resources, and format of citations in both the subjects under study. It has been found in this study that average citations per thesis in Political Science is more (200.53) than Public Administration (160.6). Books are most preferred form in both the subjects. Majority of the citations in both the subjects are from the period 2000-2009. Ranked list of journals for both the subjects have been prepared to identify core journals. The core journals in both the subjects are 9. Bradford Multipliers have been calculated and application of Bradford Law of Scattering has also been tested for both the subjects. It is expected that the present study will help librarians in selecting, retaining and cancelling the existing journals in Political Science and Public Administration.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.98-104
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• 2001

Objective : In order to study the effect of contralateral both side acupuncture on recovery of motor disorders in stroke patients, a clinical study was performed. Methods : Thirteen patients with post-stroke hemiplegia were randomized into two groups. Six patients (test group) were treated with contralateral both side acupuncture. The other seven patients (control group) were treated with ipsilateral both side acupuncture. The activity of daily living was measured with a National Institutes of Health (NIH) scale. The therapy was performed once a day for 3 weeks. Results : In terms of score of NIH, the test group showed statistically meaningful increase after I weeks treatment, while the control group showed statistically meaningful increase after 2 weeks (P<0.05). The results showed no statistically meaningful difference after 3 weeks treatment between the groups. Conclusions : These results support that contralateral both side acupuncture therapy has almost the same effectiveness compared with ipsilateral both side acupuncture therapy in improvement of the activity of daily living of post-stroke hemiplegic patients.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.81-96
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• 1984

As the crippled persons work mostly in a sitting position and would be engaged in a foot-pressing job, it is necessary to assess their degree of participation of important muscles in various modes of foot activities. In this regard, it deems to be urgent to establish the reference standards for healthy persons. The present study has been undertaken to determine the degree of participation of the M. tibialis anterior, M. gastrocnemius and M. soleus in heel pressing, foot-flat pressing and forefoot pressing motion under varying forces, and in order to compare the electrical activities of three muscles with each other, and to analyse the time sequence between force and appearance or disappearance of EMG recording. Sixty-three healthy young women ranging from age of 18 to 23 were examined. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Participation of three muscles in foot movement under varying forces: A) Both gastrocnemius muscles or left soleus muscle did not contribute to heel pressing motion. Activity of both tibialis anterior muscles was the greatest among three muscles at heel pressing motion and the degree of their activities was proportional to force. B) Activities of left tibialis anterior muscle and both gastrocnemius muscles were negligible under 3 kg force at foot-flat pressing movement. Left gastrocnemius muscle did not contribute to foot-flat pressing under 6 or 9 kg force. Although activities of both soleus muscles and both tibialis anterior muscles were small, the degree of their activities increased with force at foot-flat pressing movement. C) Activities of both tibialis anterior muscles were negligible under 3 kg force at forefoot pressing motion. Activity of both soleus muscles was the greatest among 3 muscles and the degree of their activities increased with force at forefoot pressing motion. Both tibialis anterior muscles participated in forefoot pressing motion with severe exertion. 2. Electrical activities by foot movement under varying forces : A) Electrical activities were prominent in both tibialis anterior muscles and the level of their activities was linear with force at heel pressing motion. The degree of participation of both soleus muscles was small at heel pressing motion. B) Electrical activity of tibialis anterior muscle was the greatest among 3 muscles at foot-flat pressing movement and was followed by that of soleus muscle. Level of electrical activities increased with force in left soleus muscle and right tibialis anterior muscle at foot-flat pressing movement. C) Electrical activity of both soleua muscles was the greatest among 3 muscles at forefoot pressing movement and that of tibialis anterior muscle was next to soleus muscle. Level of electrical activities was proportional to force in left tibialis anterior muscle, right gastrocnemius muscle and both soleus muscles at forefoot pressing movement. 3. Time between starting signal and initiation of contraction of heel pressing and forefoot pressing motion in 3 muscles was longer than that of foot-flat pressing movement. Time of relaxation in 3 muscles was longer than that of contraction under varying forces. EMG recording appeared before initiation of contraction in both tibialis anterior muscles at heel pressing motion and in both soleus muscles at forefoot pressing movement under varying forces. Time of initiation of contraction was similar in both sides of tibialis anterior muscles under varying forces and time of onset of contraction at foot-flat pressing motion was the shortest. 4. Forefoot pressing movement would be encouraged in paralysis of tibialis anterior muscle, while heel pressing motion would be encouraged in paralysis of triceps surae muscle.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.58-68
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• 2019

Objective: To compare digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and conventional full-field digital mammography (FFDM) in the detectability of breast cancers in patients with dense breast tissue, and to determine the influencing factors in the detection of breast cancers using the two techniques. Materials and Methods: Three blinded radiologists independently graded cancer detectability of 300 breast cancers (288 women with dense breasts) on DBT and conventional FFDM images, retrospectively. Hormone status, histologic grade, T stage, and breast cancer subtype were recorded to identify factors affecting cancer detectability. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare cancer detectability by DBT and conventional FFDM. Fisher's exact tests were used to determine differences in cancer characteristics between detectability groups. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to determine whether the detectability score differed according to cancer characteristics. Results: Forty breast cancers (13.3%) were detectable only with DBT; 191 (63.7%) breast cancers were detected with both FFDM and DBT, and 69 (23%) were not detected with either. Cancer detectability scores were significantly higher for DBT than for conventional FFDM (median score, 6; range, 0-6; p < 0.001). The DBT-only cancer group had more invasive lobular-type breast cancers (22.5%) than the other two groups (i.e., cancer detected on both types of image [both-detected group], 5.2%; cancer not detected on either type of image [both-non-detected group], 7.3%), and less detectability of ductal carcinoma in situ (5% vs. 16.8% [both-detected group] vs. 27.5% [both-non-detected group]). Low-grade cancers were more often detected in the DBT-only group than in the both-detected group (22.5% vs. 10%, p = 0.026). Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2)-negative cancers were more often detected in the DBT-only group than in the both-detected group (92.3% vs. 70.5%, p = 0.004). Cancers surrounded by mostly glandular tissue were detected less often in the DBT only group than in the both-non-detected group (10% vs. 31.9%, p = 0.016). DBT cancer detectability scores were significantly associated with cancer type (p = 0.012), histologic grade (p = 0.013), T and N stage (p = 0.001, p = 0.024), proportion of glandular tissue surrounding lesions (p = 0.013), and lesion type (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Invasive lobular, low-grade, or HER-2-negative cancer is more detectable with DBT than with conventional FFDM in patients with dense breasts, but cancers surrounded by mostly glandular tissue might be missed with both techniques.