• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.305-314
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• 1983

In order to enhance the rate of th nitridation and to give the high density of reaction-bonded silicon nitride MgO powder as nitriding aid were added to silicon powders and the mixture was pressed isostatically into compacts which were nitrided in the furnace of 1, 35$0^{\circ}C$ where 95% $N_2$-5% $H_2$ gases were flowing. As the other nitriding aid $Mg(NO_3)_2 6H_2O$ was selected, A slip made of magnesium nitrate solution and fine silicon particles was spray-dried and then decomposed at 30$0^{\circ}C$. Magnesium oxide-coated silicon powders were formed into compacts prior to the nitridation on the same condition as the former. Magnesium nitrate (MgO, produced from the decomposition of magnesium nitrate) was more effective for the formation of the $\beta$-phase in the initial stage of the nitridation probably due to the easy formation of $MgO-SiO_2$-metal oxide eutectic melt. It has been confirmed that forsterite was formed as a result of the reaction between MgO and $SiO_2$ film of silicon surface. It was considered that MgO produced from magnesium nitrate may be finer more reactive and more uniformly distributed on the surface of silicon particles than original MgO. The higher the forming pressure was the more the $\beta$-phase was formed.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2020

The directed energy deposition (DED) process of metal 3D printing technologies has been treated as an effective method for welding, repairing, and even 3-dimensional building of machinery parts. In this study, stainless steel 316L (STS316L) and Inconel 625 (IN625) alloy powders are additively manufactured using the DED process, and the microstructure of the fabricated STS316L/IN625 sample is investigated. In particular, there are no secondary phases in the interface between STS316L and the IN625 alloy. The EDS and Vickers hardness results clearly show compositionally and mechanically transient layers a few tens of micrometers in thickness. Interestingly, several cracks are only observed in the STS 316L rather than in the IN625 alloy near the interface. In addition, small-sized voids 200-400 nm in diameter that look like trapped pores are present in both materials. The cracks present near the interface are formed by tensile stress in STS316L caused by the difference in the CTE (coefficient of thermal expansion) between the two materials during the DED process. These results can provide fundamental information for the fabrication of machinery parts that require joining of two materials, such as valves.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2011

Alnico magnets can be used as magnetic bearings for the precise electric power measuring instruments such as watt-hour meters because they have high remanence ($B_r$), relatively high maximum energy product ($(BH)_{max}$), and excellent temperature stability. In this study, Alnico composite magnets were fabricated by appropriately mixing alnico alloy powders with epoxy resin and binder. The Alnico powders mixed with epoxy resin and a hardening agent with a mixing ratio of 96:4 were pressed and then cured to be a toroid-type ring magnet with an outer diameter (${\Phi}_{out}$) of 15 mm, an inner diameter (${\Phi}_{in}$) of 6.5 mm and a thickness (t) of 2.5 mm, respectively. The magnetic properties of the Alnico ring magnets were varied with the mixing ratio of Alnico powders that possess different average particle sizes. The Alnico ring magnet prepared by mixing 5 wt% of $50{\mu}m$ (small size) powder, 15~20 wt% of $150{\mu}m$ (medium size) powder, and 75~80 wt% of $300{\mu}m$ (large size) powder showed the best magnetic properties (remanent induction, coercive force, maximum energy product, and surface flux density). In addition, measurements of temperature and moisture characteristics for the Alnico ring magnets showed that the surface flux densities of the N and S poles decreased little and the repulsive distance between the magnets decreased as small as 0.05 mm after 10 days.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.750-756
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• 1992

Reaction bonded si-SiC composites were prepared by silicon infiltration technique at temperature of 1$600^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes in vaccum atmosphere. The microstructure and mechanical properties of Si-SiC composites were investigated and characterized. UF-15 and SE-10 as SiC powders, phenolic resin and carbon black as carbon source, and metallic silicon powder as molten Si source were used as starting materials. New SiC crystallines nucleatd and grown by reaction of Si and C were detected by TEM and SEM-EDS. The bonding between new and original SiC was found to be strong. But the wetting of SiC by unreacted metallic Si and the rapid grain growth of new SiC decreased density and fracture toughness. Fracture toughness and modulus of rupture of Si-SiC composite were about 3.2 MPa.m1/2 and 480 MPa, respectively.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.344-351
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• 2017

Wireless magnet pumps are used in medical applications and are particularly useful as artificial heart ventricular assist devices (VADs). To investigate wireless operation of magnetic pumps, we fabricated three types of magnetic impellers using bonded magnets by blending magnetic powders of SmFeN, NdFeB, and Sr-ferrite. We investigated the magnetic properties of the fabricated magnetic impellers, which are driven by the application of magnetic coupling with an external driving magnet or external coil system, without a driving motor, shaft, or mechanical bearings. The use of wireless magnetic pumps is therefore not complicated by critical issues of size, heat, and vibration, which are very important issues for blood pumps. The magnetic properties of the impellers, such as their rotational speed, driving torque and hydrodynamic performance, determine their wireless driving ranges. We conducted performance evaluations of the impeller's magnetic wireless manipulation, heat, and vibration. In addition, we carried out an animal test to confirm the suitability of the wireless magnetic pumps for use as biventricular assist devices (BiVADs).

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2019

Power module is getting attention from electronic industries such as solar cell, battery and electric vehicles. Transient liquid phase (TLP) boding, sintering with Ag and Cu powders and wire bonding are applied to power module packaging. Sintering is a popular process but it has some disadvantages such as high cost, complex procedures and long bonding time. Meanwhile, TLP bonding has lower bonding temperature, cost effectiveness and less porosity. However, it also needs to improve ductility of the intermetallic compounds (IMCs) at the joint. Wire boding is also an important interconnection process between semiconductor chip and metal lead for direct bonded copper (DBC). In this study, TLP bonding using Sn-based solders and wire bonding process for power electronics packaging are described.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part 1
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• pp.387-388
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• 2006

The influence of porosity (P) on Young's modulus (E) and Poisson's ratio $(\upsilon)$ of sintered steels produced from four types of steel powders was investigated. The values of E and $(\upsilon)$ depend mainly on the value of P, and those were a little affected by alloying elements. The relationships between E, $(\upsilon)$, and P were described as following equations: $E\;=\;E_0{\cdot}(1\;-\;k_E{\cdot}P)^2$ and $\upsilon\;=\;({\upsilon}_0\;-\;\upsilon_{sub}){\cdot}(1\;-\;k_{\upsilon}{\cdot}P)2+\upsilon_{sub}$, where subscript 0 means P = 0, and $k_E,\;k_{\upsilon}$ and ${\upsilon}_{sub}$ are empirical constants. These approximate equations showed good agreement with empirical results.

• Advances in materials Research
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.343-348
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• 2017

High-pressure gas atomization was employed to prepare the Fe-based $Fe_{50}Cr_{24}Mo_{21}Si_2B_3$ alloy powder. The effect of flow rate of atomizing gas on the median powder diameter was studied. The results show that the powder size decreased with increasing the flow rate of atomizing gas. Fe-based alloy coatings with amorphous phase fraction was then prepared by high velocity oxygen fuel spraying (HVOF) of gas atomized $Fe_{50}Cr_{24}Mo_{21}Si_2B_3$ powder. Microstructural studies show that the coatings present dense layered structure and low porosity of 0.17% in about $200{\mu}m$ thickness. The Fe-based alloy coating exhibits an average hardness of about 1230 HV. Our results show that the HVOF process results in dense and well-bonded coatings, making it attractive for protective coatings applications.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.97-105
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• 1999

탄화규소와 카본의 이성분계에서 pH, 계면활성제 및 출발원료의 입도 분포를 이용하여 성형체의 기공크기 및 기공을 제어에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 성형체는 각각 다른 분산조건을 가지는 슬러리를 이장성형법을 이용하여 제조하였으며, 입자간의 응\ulcorner제어에 따른 상이한 성형미세구조를 가지도록 하였다. 제조된 성형체에 대하여 반응소결 공정은 1$600^{\circ}C$, 진공분위기에서 20분간 응용 실리콘 침윤 공정을 행하였다. 초기 성형 미세구조가 반응소결체의 미세구조에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위하여 광학 현미경 및 SEM 분석을 통하여 제조된 소결체의 미세구조를 분석하였으며, 그리고 이에 따른 반응 소결체의 기계적 특성을 평가하였다. 각각의 분산조건에 따라 성형미세구조는 다르게 나타났으며, 미세한 탄화규소를 입자를 사용하였을 경우에 기공크기가 현저하게 작아짐을 확인하였다. 제조된 반응소결체의 미세구조 분석결과 일반적인 반응소결 탄화수소에서 발견되는 bimodal 미세구조는 관찰되지 않았으며, 이는 초기 탄화규소의 카본의 비가 중요항 변수인 것으로 분석하였다. 반응소결 탄화규소의 3-점 곡강도 값은 입자간의 분산이 잘 이루어진 성형체를 사용하였을 경우 310$\pm$40 MPa으로서 응집이 일어난 성형체를 사용한 반응소결체의 260$\pm$50MPa 보다 높았다.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 고온 대응 EV (Electric Vehicle) 전력반도체 칩 접합용 Sn-Ni 페이스트의 제조 및 특성 평가 연구가 수행되었다. Sn-Ni 페이스트의 Sn과 Ni 함량에 따른 TLPS (Transient Liquid Phase Sintering) 접합부 미세 조직 변화 관찰 결과, Sn-20Ni (in wt.%)의 경우에는 Ni 분말의 부족, 그리고 Sn-50Ni의 경우에는 Ni 분말의 과다 포함에 따른 Ni 뭉침 현상이 관찰되었다. Sn-30Ni과 Sn-40Ni의 경우에는 TLPS 접합 공정 후 상대적으로 치밀한 접합부 단면 미세 구조 조직을 가짐을 확인하였다. TLPS 접합 공정 후 접합부 시편의 DSC 열 분석 결과로부터 TLPS 접합 공정 반응 동안 Sn과 Ni의 충분한 반응이 일어남을 확인하였으며, 접합 공정 후 접합부에는 Sn이 남아 있지 않음을 확인하였다. 추가적으로 공정 온도 변화에 따른 Sn-30Ni TLPS 접합부의 계면반응 및 기계적 강도 시험이 수행되었다. TLPS 접합 공정 후 접합부는 Ni-Sn 금속간화합물과 반응하고 남은 Ni 분말들로 구성되었으며, 접합 온도가 증가함에 따라 접합부 칩 전단강도는 증가하였다. 솔더링 온도와 유사한 270 ℃의 접합 온도에서 30분 동안의 TLPS 접합 공정 수행 후 약 30 MPa의 높은 칩 전단 강도 값을 얻었다.