• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.540-547
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• 2009

There needs disease-predictable signs in order to enable preventive diagnosis and therapy. Then traditional Chinese medicine applies various medical diagnostic equipments used in western medicine to diagnosing sub-healthy state. But such data are not originated from inherent oriental medicine, and not obtained easily in ordinary clinical practice. This paper is to provide synopsis of the ante-disease diagno-therapeutics partly and to show predictable data based on the facial shapes and signs, especially of gall bladder's versus bladder's body and masculine versus feminine shape. Ante-disease means not only the complete healthy state, but also the state unseen any symptoms in macrographically in the course of outbreak of disease. It contains two stages, first one is the former state of disease and second one is untransmitted state of disease. The patterns of ante-disease consist of latent disease, pre-disease, transmission type like senescent syndrome, abnormal reactive syndrome(變證), syndrome of transmission and transmutation. The classification with gall bladder and bladder type manifests the differences of shape, color and size of each organ in comparison of the universal and standard figures of the human being. On the other hand, the classification with masculine and feminine shape contrasts the innate sexual difference and the shape, characteristics originated from in itself. These two classification theories have their own pathologic types and syndrome types with each disease so that disease-predictable data can be constructed based on such a relationship. In addition, this diagnostic method by facial shapes and signs is able to be applied to whole stages from prenatal to present state of disease even if the cause and inducement are not clear. Ante-disease diagno-theraputic system by Gall Bladder's versus Bladder's Body and Masculine versus Feminine Shape is getting more important in the chronic and internal disease in comparison of the acute and traumatic disease. So this study is able to make up for the limit of diagnosis on ante-disease in the field of oriental medicine clinic.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.2168-2173
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• 2003

Pressure balancing valve is one of important control devices, which is fully automatic and no manual controls, regulating or adjustments are needed. It is typically used to maintain constant temperature of working fluid in power and chemical plants and domestic water supply systems. Pressure balancing valve is composed of body, cylinder and balancing piston. Therefore, the balancing piston shapes are important design parameters for a pressure balancing valve. In this study, numerical and experimental analyses are carried out with two different balancing piston shapes. Especially, the distribution of static pressure is investigated to calculate the flow coefficient($C_v$). The governing equations are derived from making using of three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations with standard ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ turbulence model and SIMPLE algorithm. Using commercial code, PHOEIC, the pressure and flow fields in pressure balancing valve are depicted.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.160-170
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• 2008

Shape morphing is the process of transforming a source shape, through intermediate shapes, into a target shape. Two main problems to be considered in three dimensional shape morphing are vertex correspondence and path interpolation. In this paper, an approach which uses the linear interpolation of the Laplacian coordinates of the source and target meshes is introduced for the determination of more plausible path when two topologically identical shapes are morphed. When two shapes to be morphed are different in shape and topology, a new method which combines shape deformation theory based on Laplacian coordinate and mean value coordinate with distance field theory is proposed for the efficient treatment of vertex correspondence and path interpolation problems. The validity and effectiveness of the suggested method was demonstrated by using it to morph large and complex polygon models including male and female whole body models.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.135-141
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the direct measurement data of 20-25 years male university students of 7th Size Korea data and to characterize and to type the body shape of lower body. It was to provide basic data for male university students' pants pattern production. The lower body part consisted of the 'horizontal factor' of the lower body composed of circumference, thickness, width, and 'vertical factor' of the lower body composed of the length and height. This was consistent with the analysis of the body shape factor of the lower half of male adolescents. The lower body shape was classified into four types. Type 1 was thick and relatively long in the lower body and was named 'thick long leg'. Type 2 was named 'short bird legs' because the lower body was thin and relatively short. Type 3 was relatively thin and long, so the lower body was named 'long crane leg'. In Type 4, the lower body was relatively thick and short, which means 'short pillar leg'. In the case of 20-25 year-old male university students, they have different body shapes depending on the girth and length of the lower half of their body as they have reached adulthood. Therefore, it would be necessary to provide a sales system that allows the repair of the length of the pants to be facilitated, and the length of the pants to be repaired when the pants are selected according to the circumference. Future studies will need to classify the body shape according to angle and flatness.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.15-33
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• 2016

Women in their 30s and 40s, who are at the center of "ageless" and "down-aging" consumer trends, are likely to encounter problems with fitting and size conformity when they wear casual clothes targeting women in their 20s. Hence, differences in upper body sizes and body types between women in their 20s and women in their 30s and 40s were analyzed. The data for this study was from the 6th Size Korea survey of body measurements of 1,675 female adults in their 20s-40s. SPSS 21.0 for Windows was used for analysis of the collected data. To examine differences in average upper body size between women in their 20s and women in their 30s and 40s, descriptive statistics and independent sample t-tests were conducted. Factor and cluster analyses were used to classify body types by age groups. Comparing direct measurement items showed that women in their 20s tend to have higher average values for most height-related items-including body height-and lower average values for circumference, thickness, and width than women in their 30s and 40s. Factors in determining the upper body shapes of women in their 20s to 40s were narrowed to five; through a cluster analysis, upper body shapes of women were classified into three body types as follows. Type 1 women are shorter and thinner with small frames; Type 2 women have the highest vertical values for their upper bodies and average values for obesity-related categories of circumference, thickness, and width. Type 3 women are the shortest and has the highest body mass index (BMI), verifiable as obese. By analyzing differences in body type distribution according to age groups, it was found that more than 90% of women in their 20s belong to Types 1 and 2. On the other hand, most women in their 30s and 40s are identified as Type 3.

• KSTLE International Journal
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.8-13
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• 2003

Abrasion in fretting wear mechanism is studied experimentally with the specimens of two different shapes of spacer grid spring and fuel tubes of a nuclear fuel. Reciprocating sliding wear test has been carried out in the environment of air and water at room temperature. Especially, third body abrasion is referred to for explaining the wear region expansion found during the slip displacement increase with constant normal contact farce. It is found that the expansion behaviour depends on the contact shape. The small clearance between the tube and spring seems to be the preferable region of the wear particle accumulation, which causes third body abrasion of the non-contact area. Even in water environment the third body abrasion occurs apparently. Since the abrasion on the clearance contributes wear volume, the influence of the contact shape on the severity of third body abrasion should be considered to improve the grid spring design in the point of restraining wear damage of a nuclear fuel.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.98-115
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• 2017

This study categorizes the formative aspects of dress and their implications according to the extent of revealing or concealing corporeality based on body perceptions. By considering the notion of dress as bodily practice to be a theoretical and methodological framework, this study combines a literature survey and case analysis to analyze and classify the forms of women's dress since the 1920s when contemporary fashion took hold. As examined in this study, the typology of dress was categorized as body-consciousness, deformation, transformation, and formlessness. Body-consciousness that is achieved through tailoring, bias cutting, and stretchy fabric displays corporeality focusing on the structure and function of the body as an internalized corset. Deformations in dress are categorized into two different subcategories. One is the expansion or reduction of bodily features based on the vertical or horizontal grids of the body, which visualizes the anachronistic restraint of the body through an innerwear as outerwear strategy. The other is exaggerations of the bodily features irrelevant to the grid, which break from the limitations and constraints of the body as well as traditional notions of the body. Transformations of the body refer to as follows. First, the deconstruction and restructuring of the body that deconstruct the stereotypes in garment construction. Second, the abstraction of the body that emphasizes the geometrical and architectural shapes. Third, transformable designs which pursue the expansion and multiplicity of function. Formlessness in dress denies the perception of three-dimensionality of the body through the planarization of the body.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.512-522
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the change in women's somatotype with aging. The subjects were 1,123 women aged 40~69. Their anthropometric data were from the 6th Size Korea. The data were analyzed by factor analysis and cluster analysis. Seven factors were extracted: body mass, body length, back shoulder, arm length factor, front interscye factor, body rise factor, and shoulder angle. The upper body types of middle-aged and elderly women were classified into five types: skinny, short stout body type with forward posture, composite, tall & full body type, and short & skinny. The skinny and composite body type appeared more often than the short stout body type in the early 40s of Korean women. Starting in the mid-50s, composite body type was less often found. However, the number of women with short stout body type increased. In the 60s, the number of women with short stout and tall & full body types decreased. These results reveal that the body types of middle-aged and elderly women changed with some pattern with aging. And women in their early 40s, mid-50s, and 60s women had different body shapes and postures.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.302-306
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• 2003

사상의학에 대한 인지도는 조사대상자의 50% 정도였으며, 체질비율은 전체적으로 태음인이 51.5%로 가장 높았고 소양인은 3,3.0%, 소음인은 15.4% 였으며 태양인은 한 명도 없었다. 체질별 체형만족도에서는 체중, 신장, BMI 수치가 가장 높았던 태음인의 만족도가 가장 낮았으며 이는 체형관심도가 태음인이 가장 높게 나타나는 것과 연관성을 보였다. 식생활태도에서는 태음인, 소양인에 비해 소음인이 음식을 적당히 먹는 편이었으며, 음식을 먹는 속도에 있어서도 태음인, 소양인에 비해 소음인은 천천히 먹는 편이었다. 스트레스시 식사량에는 태음인이 가장 큰 영향을 받았고 소음인은 영향을 덜 받는 편이었다. 맛의 선호도에서는 태음인과 소양인은 매운맛에 대한 선호도가 높았고, 소음인은 단맛에 대한 선호도가 높았다. 전체적으로는 매운맛에 대한 선호도가 가장 높았으며 신맛과 짠맛에 대한 선호도는 비교적 낮았다. 체질별 식품기호도는 육류에서 P<0.01의 유의차를 보였으며 소양인의 육류 기호도가 가장 높았고 소음인은 육류에 대한 기호도가 가장 낮았다. 이상의 결과에서 사상체질과 식생활태도에서는 문헌에 기재된 내용과 일치하는 항목이 많았는데, 이는 체질별로 식생활을 개선시키는데 참고가 되리라보며, 식품기호도에서는 체질간 뚜렷한 차이를 보이지 않았는데 이는 단일식품이 아닌 큰 범주의 식품군으로 보았기 때문으로 사료된다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.334-339
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• 2012

This study was conducted to compare body shape satisfaction, body image perception, weight control status, and dietary habits of Korean and Chinese female high school students in order to provide information for proper body image perception of adolescents. 221 students in Yongin, a city in Korea, and 227 students in Weihai, a city in China, were surveyed using questionnaires. Body shape satisfaction was significantly higher in Chinese students (P < 0.001) compared to Korean students. 76.2% of Korean students and 72.7% of Chinese students wanted a thinner body shape than their present body shapes. Experiences of weight control, laxative or diuretics uses, eating during weight control, and vomiting after eating were significantly higher in Korean students (P < 0.05-P < 0.001) compared to Chinese students. The score for dietary habits was significantly higher in Chinese students (P < 0.001) compared to Korean students, suggesting a more desirable dietary habit among Chinese students. Students of both countries showed a significantly positive correlation between body shape satisfaction and dietary habits, suggesting that as body shape satisfaction increases, dietary habits become more desirable. In conclusion, Korean female students showed a more distorted body image perception and had more poor dietary habits than Chinese students. Nutritional education for the establishment of normal body weight, proper body image perception, and healthy dietary habits are needed.