Seo, Joong-Hwan;Kang, Pock-Soo;Lee, Kyeong-Soo;Yun, Sung-Ho;Hwang, Tae-Yoon;Park, Jong-Seo
Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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v.30
no.2
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pp.167-182
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2005
Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis according to the criteria of diagnosing knee osteoarthritis in rural women and the factors related with this disease. Methods: The data obtained from 200 women older than 40 years of age residing in 5 Ri's in Goryeong-gun. Gyeongsanbuk-do by random cluster sampling from September to October 2002. Knee osteoarthritis was determined positive according to the Kellgren and Lawrence classification and knee pain. Results: Among these subjects, 71.0% showed more than grade 2 in radiologic finding and the rate of knee pain according to the survey was 67.0%. The rate of subjects meeting the criteria of knee osteoarthritis was 54.0%. According to univariate analysis, the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis increased with age and those farming people and people working in household industry was significantly high at 58.9% compared with others. The prevalence of knee osteoarthritis showed a significant relationship with the family history and past history of knee injury and knee surgery(p<0.01), and diabetes mellitus(p<0.05). The score of ADL was significantly different in the subjects with knee osteoarthritis compared with normal group(p<0.05). When the presence of knee osteoarthritis and the period of the life style of seating down on the floor were compared, a significant difference was present between the osteoarthritis group and normal group. As for metabolic factors, the blood sugar level, bone density, and body mass index(BMI) were significantly different in the osteoarthritis group compared with normal group. When multiple logistic regression analysis was performed with the presence of knee osteoarthritis as the dependent variable, the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis was significantly affected by older age, subjects farming or working in household industry, the history of knee injury, the history of surgery, higher blood sugar level, and higher BMI. Conclusions: These subjects need an intervention through self-care programs such as exercise for preventing osteoarthritis, weight control programs, other exercise programs strengthening knee joints, and guidelines when working in vinyl houses.
Lee, Jin;Kwon, Hyo Jin;Park, Moon Ho;Jang, Ki Young;Lee, Kee-Hyoung;Lee, Kwang Chul;Son, Chang Sung;Lee, Joo Won
Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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v.50
no.11
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pp.1091-1096
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2007
Purpose : The of common carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT) is an acknowledged noninvasive marker for early atherosclerotic changes. We investigate whether common carotid IMT is different between obese and normal-weight children and also evaluate the relationships IMT with cardiovascular risk factors. Methods : We collected the clinical data (age, sex, pubertal stage, body mass index) and measured blood pressure, glucose, insulin, lipid profiles and adiponectin in 49 obese children (mean age, 12 years) and 24 nonobese children as controls. The control group was composed of 24 nonobese children of the same age, sex and pubertal stage. We measured the carotid IMT of all subjects by B-mode ultrasound with a 7.5-MHz linear transducer and analyzed. Results : Obese children demonstrated a significantly thicker intima media (mean, 0.34 mm, peak, 0.42 mm) compared to the control group (mean, 0.31 mm, peak, 0.38 mm, P<0.01). IMT was significantly correlated to the BMI (r=0.431, P<0.01), age (r=0.317, P<0.01), total cholesterol (r=0.377, P< 0.01), triglyceride (r=0.253, P<0.05) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r=0.289, P<0.05). Serum adiponectin was significantly lower in obese children than in controls (11.2 ng/mL vs. 14.7 ng/mL, P<0.05) and negatively related with IMT (r=-0.267, P<0.05). Conclusion : Obesity is associated with increased carotid artery IMT in children. Our results suggest vascular changes in obesity seem to occur already in childhood and vascular ultrasonography may helpful for screening cardiovascular complications in obese children.
LEE Sang-Min;LEE Jong Yun;KANG Yong Jin;YOON Ho-Dong;HUR Sung Bum
Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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v.26
no.5
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pp.477-492
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1993
In order to investigate the n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3HUFA) requirement of the Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli, two experiments were conducted in the flush-out aquarium system. 1. Effects of different dietary fatty acids on growth and feed efficiency Efficacy of different fatty acids on the Korean rockfish was investigated by feeding diets containing each of the different fatty acids, 12:0, 18:1n-9, 18:2n-6, 18:3n-3, and n-3HUFA for 9 weeks. The best growth and feed efficiency were obtained from the fish fed diet containing n-3HUFA (P<0.05). 2. n-3HUFA requirement Requirement of dietary n-3HUFA for the Korean rockfish (5.9 g in mean body weight) was investigated with the test diets containing different levels of n-3HUFA ranging from 0% to 4.0% at 8% dietary lipid level. After 6 weeks of feeding experiment, fish performance and fatty acid composition of liver were studied. Growth was significantly improved with increasing dietary n-3HUFA level up to the 0.9% in the diet (P<0.05). Higher values of lipid content, 18:1/n-3HUFA ratio of polar lipid of liver and hepatosomatic index were observed in the fish fed n-3HUFA deficient diets. The groups of fish fed lower levels of dietary n-3HUFA showed higher 18:1 and love. n-3HUFA (EPA+DHA) levels in polar lipid of the liver. The data obtained in these experiments indicated that dietary n-3HUFA was essential for the Korean rockfish, and required level of n-3HUFA was around 0.9% in diet.
This study fulfilled to investigate the feed efficiency, tissue selenium distribution, carcass characteristic and economic value in finishing Hanwoo steers fed organic selenium mix (OSM) which included seleno-yeast, rumen culture and other microbial supplements. Forty five finishing Hanwoo steers were tested for 4 months dividing to three feeding groups: OSM add as 0.5 ppm Se of DM feeds (0.5 ppm OSM), OSM enriched add as 1.0 ppm Se of DM feeds (1.0 ppm OSM) and basal diet without OSM (control). The total weight gains, the average daily gains and the feed intakes were not differ in treatments (p > 0.05). No differences (p > 0.05) were noted for hot carcass weight, loin eye area, backfat thickness, meat yield index, meat color, fat color, tenderness and maturity. However, the 1.0 ppm OSM showed better performances for feed requirement, TDN per gain, meat yield grade and meat quality grade compared to other groups. Tissue selenium distribution was increased by organic selenium feeding: higher Se concentration in liver and rump of 0.5 ppm OSM (p < 0.05), and kidney, liver, sirloin and rump of 1.0 ppm OSM (p < 0.05) than the tissues of control group. Generally, tissue selenium was the highest value in 1.0 ppm OSM and showed higher concentrate in order; kidney, liver, sirloin and rump. The income over feed cost was 1.06-fold higher in 1.0 ppm OSM than control group. In conclusion, organic selenium mix supplementation and its amounts were not influenced to feed intake, body gain and carcass characteristic but significantly increased tissue selenium. Therefore, these results suggest that finishing Hanwoo steer fed an enriched organic selenium mix with proper probiotics is able to produce “high-Se” beef as high bioavailable form as well as create a beneficial opportunity on Hanwoo farm.
Background/Aims : The increasing use of diagnostic and therapeutic interventional radiology calls for greater consideration of radiation exposure risk to radiologist and radiological technician, and emphasizes the proper system of radiation protection. This study was designed to assess the effect of a protective grass shield. Methods : A protective grass was following data depth, 0.8 cm; width, 100 cm; length, 100 cm, lead equivalent, 1.6 mmPb. The protective shield was located between the patient and the radiologist. Thirty patients (13 male and 17 female) undergoing interventional radiology between September 2010 and December 2010 were selected for this study. The dose of radiation exposure was recorded with or without the protective grass shield at the level of the head, chest, and pelvis. The measurement was made at 50 cm and 150 cm from the radiation source. Results : The mean patient age was 69 years. The mean patient height and weight was 159.7±6.7 cm and 60.3±5.9 kg, respectively. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 20.5±3.0 kg/m2. radiologists received 1530.2±550.0 mR/hr without the protective lead shield. At the same distance, radiation exposure was significantly reduced to 50.3±85.2 mR/hr with the protective lead shield (p-value<0.0001). The radiation exposure to radiologist and radiological technician was significantly reduced by the use of a protective lead shield (p value <0.0001). The amount of radiation exposure during interventional radiology was related to the patient' BMI (r=0.749, p=0.001). Conclusions : This protective shield grass is effective in protecting radiologist and radiological technician from radiation exposure.
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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v.13
no.11
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pp.5254-5260
/
2012
The purpose of this study is to find the relationship between lumber Herniated Nuclesus Pulposus of specific part and fat infiltration in paraspinal muscle. Also we intended to find the relationship between Body Mass Index(BMI) and fat infiltration ratio in the lumber paraspinal muscle based on the sexes of patients. We conducted this study of patients who visited our hospital from May, 2010 to May, 2012. The subjects are composed of 40 patients(20 females and 20 males), who are 30 to 50 years old suffering from severe lumber herniated nuclesus pulposus, who had or were going to have operation treatment. BMI is measured through anthropometry of each patient and fat infiltration inside the muscle is estimated by measuring the cross section area of lumbar paraspinal muscle from mid-cross section of disc(L2-S1) and fat infiltration ratio. The data of this study are analyzed by independent t-test to figure out the difference of fat infiltration between male and female, and by paired sample T-test after getting mean and standard deviation to find the changes of fat infiltration of lumbar on each level. Also correlation analysis is done by setting age as a control variable to find the correlation between BMI and fat infiltration of the whole lumbar. As a result, we could get only the meaningful difference between the sexes on upper lumber part(L2-L3) while we couldn't find any significant difference in the rest of lumbar(L3-S1). Besides, the changes of fat infiltration ratio on each lumbar level increased rapidly from lumbar 3,4 to lumbar 4,5. We also found that there is no correlation between fat infiltration ratio of lumbar paraspinal muscle(L2-S1) and BMI.
Background: The aim of our study was to assess the extent of regression of left ventricular mass after aortic valve replacement in isolated aortic regurgitation. Material and Method: Retrospective analysis of echocardiographic data was collected preoperative and postoperative 1 year. There were 20 patients (12 males, 8 females, mean age 55.8±11.8 years, mean body surface area 1.64±0.19m2) with aortic regurgitation from 2002 through 2007. We studied the change of left ventricular ejection fraction, ventricular septum and left ventricular posterior wall thickness, and left vemtricular muscle index (LVMI). The control group was age matched with normal echocardiographic study results. Patients with combined surgery or infective endocarditis were excluded. Result: Seven cases of tissue valves and thirteen cases of mechanical valve were used. The valve sizes were 21 mm (3 cases), 23 mm (13 cases) and 25 mm (4 cases). The postoperative (125.5±42g/m2) LVMI has decreased than preoperative LVMI (212.3±80g/m2, p=0.000) but higher than that of control group (80.5±15.9g/m2, p=0.000). Postoperative septal wall (systolic/diastolic: 13.5±3.4mm/17.1±4.1mm) and left ventricular posterior wall (systolic/diastolic: 12.9±3.4mm/16.7±3.4mm) thickness were slightly decreased after the valve replacement but was not significantly different than preoperative levels. And postoperative interventricular septal wall and left ventricular posterior wall thickness (systolic/diastolic: 8.6±1.4mm/12.1±1.7mm, systolic/diastolic: 8.4±1.4mm/13.2±1.9mm) were higher than that of the control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: The significant regression of LVMI after aortic valve replacement developed at postoperative one year but the level was higher than control group. The main cause of decreased LVMI is decreased in left ventricular dimension.
The Kimhae napseok clay deposit was studied to characterize its mineralogy and genesis. Geology of the deposit is composed of Tertiary volcanic rocks and granodiorite. Tertiary volcanic rocks consist of andesitic tuff with minor interstratified tuffaceous shale, and rhyodacitic tuff. The main ore body of 2.4 to 4 m in thickness developed parallel to the bedding of andesitic tuff bed. Its strike and dip are N70∘E−N85∘E and 16∘NW−32∘NW, respectively. Two alteration zones; the propylitic zone of albite-epidote-chlorite-quartz assemblage and advanced argillic zone of pyrophyllite-dickite-alunite-diaspore assemblage are developed. Correlation of SiO2 to Al2O3 shows no relation in propylitic zone, while a negative linear relation in advanced argillic zone. Chemical variation shows that SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, CaO, Na2O and K2O were leached out during hydrothermal alteration. Pyrophyllite, the most abundant mineral in advanced argillic zone, occurs as low temperature 2M polytype. It is closely associated with dickite, diaspore and alunite. The Hinckley index of dickite is 0.83 showing moderate crystallinity. Na content is increasing in the M site with the increasing content of cations in the R-site. the mole percent of Na replacing K in alunite ranges from 53.2 to 71.6. It is also found that pyrophyllite grows in the dissolution site of diaspore. Plagioclase was albitized. Lowering of pH caused mainly by sulfide and sulfate decomposition resulted in preferential leaching of Si. It is inferred that aluminum released from plagioclase in the volcanic rocks as well as from the tuffaceous shale intercalated in andesitic tuff were the main sources of aluminum required for the formation of clay deposit. pH in hydrothermal fluid decreased from propylitic zone to advanced argillic zone with increasing degree of alteration. Based on experimental data reported in the literature and mineral assemblages, the formation temperature of the deposit ranges 270 to 320∘C.
Gallstone is the most common disease of the biliary system. Korean has experienced an increase in the percentage of cholesterol gallstones. The major risk factors associated with cholesterol gallstones are age, gender as well as obesity. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of gallstones in the last three years and evaluate the associated risk factors in the population who underwent health screening. The study population consisted of 2,484 males and 2,212 females who visited the health promotion center in Dalseogu, Daegu in Korea from January 2011 to December 2013. Each participant in the study had their biliary system gallbladder examined using ultrasonography. Classified as underweight, normal weight or overweight using the population of obese according to the body mass index, and classified according to mood diagnosis of diabetes presented by the American Diabetes Association. Fasting blood glucose and number of liver function, the divided the control group by referring to the normal liver function values used herein. The geological map, I was classified as NCEP APT III. A showed of total 148 people were found to have gallstones. The prevalence of sex among 148 patients (3.15%) 84 men (1.79%) and 64 women 1.36%) which shows significantly there is little difference. 1.84% 40 years and below, 3.38% 40's showed age prevalence was 4.66% in 50's and above. In addition, Total-cholesterol was at the most in 52 people, LDL-cholesterol in 398 people, Triglyceride in 36 people, HDL-cholesterol in 19 people. The abnormal group, was created from the total-cholesterol categories from a physical examination of a subject that has been found to be gallstones in the gallbladder. A result of conducting the univariate analysis shows the prevalence of gallstones, a correlation that is meaningful. The logistic regression analysis of multiple ages was chosen to show risk factors age independent cholelithiasis. In spite of the conclusion, gallstones are not displayed in relation to the metabolic syndrome but in order to clarify this, not only the subject of a health examination is needed but, a further study of the general public when possible.
Kim, Ki-Won;Kwon, Yong-Rak;Seo, Seong-Won;Kwon, Kyung-Tae;Oh, Joo-Young;Son, Soon-Yong;Son, Jin-Hyun;Min, Jung-Whan
Journal of radiological science and technology
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v.38
no.3
/
pp.205-211
/
2015
We evaluated the effectiveness of TL (Time Limit) method by comparing with NTL (Non-time limit) method when it is used for examinations for abdomen Anterior Posterior (AP) in this paper. The evaluation was conducted based on the comparison of dose, and of signal to noise ratio (SNR) and contrast to ratio (CNR) on both methods. The experiments were conducted with XGEO GC 80 (Samsung, Korea), Unfors ThinX RAD (Unfors, Sweden) and Rando Phantom (Alderson research laboratories, USA) and shielding material with the size of 5.5×9×0.1cm3. It was set to activate only two upper ionization chambers in automatic exposure control(AEC) mode and the tube-voltage was set to 80kVp. When the exposure time was limited, it is limited to 51 msec. The images both by NTL AEC method and TL AEC method were acquired when with and without attachment of shielding material on the upper ionization chambers. The images were evaluated by SNR and CNR which are the image evaluation methods using 'Image J'. The NTL AEC method showed increases in dose as much as 130.7% at maximum and 80% at minimum than other methods. The TL AEC method showed decreases in mAs and exposure dose than the NTL AEC method as much as 43.8% and 44.4% respectively. There were no significant differences in SNR or CNR for the experiments ((p≥0.05). Therefore, it is suggested that the TLAEC mode is more effective when examining patients who have high BMI index or a patient with a metallic substance in the body after surgery.
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