• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 1992.09a
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• pp.46-68
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• 1992

To investigate the effect on the antimicrobial activity against S.aureus ATCC 6538, E.coli KCTC 1039 and cell toxic level against transformed mouse fibroblast L929 in formula added with various concentrations of UVB blockers commonly used in cosmetic products, these experiments were carried out by preservative efficacy testing methods and in vitro cytotoxicity methods. The results obtained were as follow ; 1) Octyl Dimethyl PABA had a broad antibacterial spectrum against the Gram (+) and the Gram(-) bacteria at 5.84 % concentration, but not Octyl Methoxycinnamate. 2) Antibacterial activity was decreased in a combined UVB blocker system of squalane base. Especially, Octyl Dimethyl PABA was inactivated by Octyl Methoxycinnamate at 5.84% concentration to a large extents , but not 4-Methylbenzylidene Camphor. 3) Within in vitro cytotoxicity by use of mouse fibroblast L929 on UV-B blockers, NR assay was more excellent than MTT assay on quantitative

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.608-613
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• 1999

Optimum conditions of chiral derivatization reaction of $\beta$-blockers (acebutolol, arotinolol, betaxolol, bisoprolol, celiprolol, metoprolol and pindolol) with (-)-menthyl chloroformate were investigated for the resolution by HPLC. With more than 30 times molar excess of (-)-methyl chloroformate chiral derivatization reactions were completed within one hour at room temperature except arotinolol and celiprolol. Diastereomeric derivatives of $\beta$-blockers were well resolved on the ODS column using acetonitrile-methanol-water as a mobile phase.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1994.02b
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• pp.293-296
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• 1994

At the conclusion of a double-blinded, randomized clinical trial of propranolol hydrochloride, but before un blinding, the patients and clinic personnel were asked to guess the treatment group assignment of each patient. While 79.9% of the patients receiving propranolol correctly Identified their treatment group assignment, 57.2% of the patients receiving placebo incorrectly guessed that they were aiso in the propranolol group. No specific mechanism was identified to explain why more patients receiving propranolol were better able to guess' their group assignment. Clinic physicians correctly identified the group assignment of 69.9% of the patients receiving propranolol and 68.8% of the patients receiving placebo. Clinic coordinators correctly identified the group assignment of 67.1% of the patients receiving propranolol and 70.6% of the patients receiving placebo. For clinic personnel, heart rate level and heart rate change seem to be the mechanisms employed to Identify their patients' treatment assignment.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.86-94
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• 2002

Ligusticum Chuanxiong and its components were reviewed in terms of pharmacodynamic mechanisms. Three components of about 40 chemical components in Chuanxiong tetramethylpyrazine, ferulinolol and Butylidenephthalide have mainly been studied for its pharmacodynamic mechanisms which are focused on the increase in blood flow and anti-oxidative stress. The mechanisms for the effects of Chuanxiong on the increase in blood flow can be summarized as four ways, 1) anti-coagulation 2) blocker of ${\beta}1$ adrenergic receptor 3) cellular control of Ca++ level 4) collagen synthesis. Chuanxiong also showed the effectiveness on free radical-induced injury. It seems that its effectiveness is also related to the mechanisms for the increase in blood flow.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.53-56
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• 2011

Although postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a common chronic pain syndrome, the pathophysiology of this disorder is not well known and management is often very difficult. N-methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists are known to be effective in PHN, and magnesium, a physiological blocker of NMDA receptors, is widely used to treat various chronic pain disorders. Here, we present a case of the PHN refractory to conventional treatment, which was treated successfully with transforaminal epidural injection of magnesium sulphate at the affected dermatome.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.428-431
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• 2005

This paper describes the process design for hot forging of bearing hub. Forging processes of bearing hub are simulated using the rigid-plastic finite element method. In the process called closed die forging without flash, the design of blocker geometry is of critical importance. Forging processes designs are take advantage of computer aided Process planning and experts. But that is difficult to predict metal flow line. So the preform is designed by the expert, and modified through predict metal flow line by CAE. This paper is to approach preform design considered defect such as metal flow and unfitting etc. at the finisher process.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.993-996
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• 2005

This paper is concerned with transfer process on hot forging of bearing hub. Workers on hot forging have difficulty in working by high temperature and weight workpiece. And In conventional got forging of bearing hub, the material wasted to the flash accounts approximately 10% of the original workpiece. It is need manufacture automation and reduce the cost of forged products. Surface treatment of die and lubricant are investigated from experiment and FE-simulation for analysis of forming simulation. In order to hot forging process design considered flash thickness and blocker geometry and initial temperature of die and billet. This transfer process gave comparatively good results compared with actual products.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.568-578
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• 1994

This study was performed in order to investigate the effect of diltiazem, which is a $Ca^{2+}$ channel blocker of benzothiazepine derivatives, on renal function in the dog. Diltiazem, when infused into the vein or carotid artery, produced the antidiuresis accompanied with the decreased excretion rates of sodium and potassium in urine$(E_{Na},\;E_K)$ and the increased reabsorption rates of sodium and potassium in renal tubules$(R_{Na},\;R_K)$. Diltiazem, when infused into a renal artery, exhibited the diuresis along with the increased renal plasma flow(RPF), osmolar clearance$(C_{osm})$, $E_{Na}$ and $E_K$, and decreased $R_{Na}$ and $R_K$ in only infused kidney. Above results suggest that diltiazem possess both antidiuretic action through central action and diuretic action by direct inhibition of electrolytes reabsorption rates in renal tubules, mainly distal tubule.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.545-552
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• 2021

HAE-06 extract is a mixture of four medicinal plants, namely Lonicerae Folium et Caulis (Lonicera japonica), Scutellariae Radix (Scutellaria baicalensis), Adenophorae Radix (Adenophora triphylla var. japonica), and Polygonati Oddorati Rhizoma (Polygonatum odoratum var. pluriflorum). The HAE-06 extract demonstrated a concentration-dependent relaxing effect and enhanced cAMP production in bronchial smooth muscle that had been stimulated to contract with acetylcholine. Using a blocker, it was confirmed that the effect was through the β2-adrenergic receptor/cAMP/PKA pathway. In addition, it is thought that the HAE-06 extract has a bronchial smooth muscle relaxation effect by reducing the inflow of Ca²⁺ through the K⁺ and Ca²⁺ channels present in the sarcoplasmic membrane. If research continues in the future, it is believed that it will be possible to use it as a material for pharmaceuticals and functional foods.

• Journal of the Korean neurological association
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.318-321
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• 2018

We describe a 44-year-old woman with paresthesia, fatigue, and palpitation, 10 days after human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. The quantitative sensory test showed abnormal detection threshold in her foot. Tilt test result indicated postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. Symptoms were improved after immunomodulating therapy, pain control drug, and oral beta blocker medication. This is first case report for small fiber neuropathy and autonomic dysfunction after HPV vaccination in Korea.