• 재무관리논총
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.213-231
• /
• 1996

In this study we conduct a specification test of at-the-money option volatility. Results show that the implied volatility estimate recovered from the Black-Scholes European option pricing model is nearly indistinguishable from the implied volatility estimate obtained from the Barone-Adesi and Whaley's American option pricing model. This study also investigates whether the use of Black-Scholes implied volatility estimates in American put pricing model significantly affect the prediction the prediction of American put option prices. Results show that, at long as the possibility of early exercise is carefully controlled in calculation of implied volatilities prediction of American put prices is not significantly distorted. This suggests that at-the-money option implied volatility estimates are robust across option pricing model.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국경영과학회/대한산업공학회 2005년도 춘계공동학술대회 발표논문
• /
• pp.753-755
• /
• 2005

The Black-Scholes (BS) option pricing model is a landmark in contingent claim theory and has found wide acceptance in financial markets. However, it has a difficulty in the use of the model, because the volatility which is a nonlinear function of the other parameters must be estimated. The more accurately investors are able to estimate this value, the more accurate their estimates of theoretical option values will be. This paper proposes a new model which is based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for finding more precise theoretical values of options in the field of evolutionary computation (EC) than genetic algorithm (GA)or calculus-based search techniques to find estimates of the implied volatility.

• 응용통계연구
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.755-763
• /
• 2008

This paper approaches the problem of option pricing in an incomplete market, where the underlying asset price process follows a compound Poisson model. We assume that the price process follows a compound Poisson model under an equivalent martingale measure and it converges weakly to the Black-Scholes model. First, we express the option price as the expectation of the discounted payoff and expand it at the Black-Scholes price to obtain a pricing formula with three unknown parameters. Then we estimate those parameters using the market option data. This method can use the option data on the same stock with different expiration dates and different strike prices.

• 재무관리연구
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.211-233
• /
• 2004

본 연구는 기초자산의 수익률이 정규분포가 아닌 급첨분포(leptokurtic distribution)를 따른다고 가정할 경우 옵션의 가격식을 도출한다. 두 정규분포의 확률밀도함수의 선형 결합으로 첨도가 3이 아닌 급첨분포의 확률밀도함수를 모델링하고 이를 이용하여 Black- Scholes 공식의 확장된 형태인 옵션 가격 공식을 유도한다. 본 논문에서 제시한 급첨분포에 의한 옵션가격모형은 변동성 스마일 성질을 설명할 뿐만 아니라 기존의 실증연구에서 제기된 Black-Scholes 옵션가격의 과대 및 과소평가 현상을 설명한다. 마지막으로 본 가격식의 모델적합성을 검증하기 위하여 KOSOI 200 지수옵션의 시장가격으로부터 내재변동성과 내재첨도를 추정한다.

• 기술혁신학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.29-50
• /
• 2005

Real options provide a new and productive way to view corporate r&d investment decisions. DCF approach is well established and beloved of financial executives, but is known to systematically underestimate investment value under significant uncertainty. Though real options are not inherent in a r&d investment, they can be used to compute the investment value including managerial flexibility like option value. In this paper, we explain how the interval of option value in black-scholes model can be estimated using simulation. We also present a process framework for interval estimation of volatility and efficient of period of investment value. In such a setting, we can obtain the appropriate interval estimation of the expanded investment value.

• 재무관리연구
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.133-149
• /
• 1985

The theory of option pricing has undergone rapid advances in recent years. Simultaneously, organized option markets have developed in the United States and Europe. The closed form solution for pricing options has only recently been developed, but its potential for application to problems in finance is tremendous. Almost all financial assets are really contingent claims. Especially, Black and Scholes(1973) suggest that the equity in a levered firm can be thought of as a call option. When shareholders issue bonds, it is equivalent to selling the assets of the firm to the bond holders in return for cash (the proceeds of the bond issues) and a call option. This paper takes the insight provided by Black and Scholes and shows how it may be applied to many of the traditional issues in corporate finance such as dividend policy, acquisitions and divestitures and capital structure. In this paper a combined capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and option pricing model (OPM) is considered and then applied to the derivation of equity value and its systematic risk. Essentially, this paper is an attempt to gain a clearer focus theoretically on the question of corporate stock risk and how the OPM adds to its understanding.

• 한국수학사학회지
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.1-18
• /
• 2022

This paper presents a statistical machine learning method that generates the implied volatility surface under the rareness of the market data. We apply the practitioner's Black-Scholes model and Gaussian process regression method to construct a Bayesian inference system with observed volatilities as a prior information and estimate the posterior distribution of the unobserved volatilities. The variance instead of the volatility is the target of the estimation, and the radial basis function is applied to the mean and kernel function of the Gaussian process regression. We present two types of Gaussian process regression methods and empirically analyze them.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제15권8호
• /
• pp.4863-4873
• /
• 2014

우리나라의 건설산업은 그 규모에 비해 국가의 핵심 산업으로 역할을 수행하고 있다. 하지만 글로벌 경제위기 이후 건설산업은 치명적인 타격을 받았으며 경제와 금융 시장의 안정성을 확보하기 위해 재무구조가 불안정한 기업을 구조조정하게 되었다. 신용등급 하락에 의한 기업의 워크아웃은 경기악화에 의한 외적인 요인과 재무제표 상으로 나타나는 내적인 요인을 바탕으로 이루어 졌다. 그러나 건설산업은 재무제표만으로는 평가할 수 없는 특성을 가지고 있으며 이를 제외한 가치평가는 합리적이지 못하다고 할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구는 워크아웃 기업의 특성을 고려하여 평가할 수 있는 평가모형을 제시와 시사점 도출을 목적으로 기업의 가치를 DCF와 Black Scholes 모형을 통해 비교 분석하였으며 시장가치와의 비교를 통해 기업가치의 저 고평가 여부를 확인하였다. 그 결과 사례기업인 4개 기업 중 2개의 기업의 가치가 시장가치보다 높게 나타나는 것을 확인하였다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2021

As a nation experiencing rapid economic growth, South Korea and its government have made a continuous effort toward efficient research investments to achieve transformation of the Korean industry for the fourth industrial revolution. To achieve the maximum effectiveness of the research investments, it is necessary to evaluate its funding's worth and default risk. Thus, incorporating the concepts of the Black-Scholes-Merton model and the Greeks, this study develops a default-risk evaluation model in the foundation of a system dynamics methodology. By utilizing the proposed model, this study estimates the monetary worth and the default risks of research funding in the public and private sectors of Information and Communication technologies, along with the sensitivity of the R&D economic worth of research funding to changes in a given parameter. This study finds that the public sector has more potential than the private sector in terms of monetary worth and that the default risks of three types of research funding are relatively high. Through a sensitivity analysis, the results indicate that uncertainty in volatility, operation period, and a risk-free interest rate has trivial impacts on the monetary worth of research funding, while volatility has large impacts on the default risk among the uncertain factors.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.185-202
• /
• 2006

In this paper, using the Black-Scholes analysis, we will derive the partial differential equation of convertible bonds with both non-stochastic and stochastic interest rate. We also find numerical solutions of convertible bonds equation with known interest rate using the finite element method.