• Title/Summary/Keyword: Bishop

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Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Investigation of Non-isothermal Forming Processes for Aluminum-Alloy Sheet Metals (Part2:Analysis) (알루미늄 합금박판 비등온 성형공정의 유한요소 해석 및 실험적 연구 (제2부:해석))

  • 김성민;구본영;금영탁;김종호
    • Transactions of Materials Processing
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.252-261
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    • 1999
  • The 3-dimensional finite element program is developed to analyze the non-isothermal forming processes of aluminum-alloy sheet metals. Bishop's method is introduced to solve the heat balance and force equilibrium equations. Also, Barlat's non-quadratic anisotropic yield function depicts the planar anisotropy of the aluminum-alloy sheet. To find an appropriate constitutive equation, four different forms are reviewed. For the verification of the reliability of the developed program, the computational try-outs of the non-isothermal cylindrical cupping processes of AL5052-H32 and Al1050-H16 are carried out. As results, the constitutive equation relating to strain and strain-rate, in which the constants are represented by the 5th-degree polynomials of temperature, is in good agreement with measurement. The computational try-outs can predict optimal forming conditions in non-isothermal forming processes.

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A Study of Reinforced Design Chart for Soil Nailing Slopes (Soil Nailing 공법을 적용하기 위한 사면보강 설계도표에 관한 연구)

  • Seo, Jin-Won;Kim, Hak-Moon;Jang, Kyung-Jun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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    • 2009.03a
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    • pp.1009-1019
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    • 2009
  • Soil nailing method is widely used in reinforcing slopes and excavating earth. The analysis of nail-reinforced slopes, in order to determine the economical length ratio and nail angle, complicated analytical need to be applied by means of computer programs. Therefor this suggested Soil stability Chart for nailed slopes which may be very useful for pre-design, rapidly design, and final check. Three slope types, three nail length and three nail angles are selected for the stability analysis by using limit equilibrium method of Bishop and French Method. From the above results, this study propose the slope reinforced design charts for dry season and rainy season. This proposed reinforced design charts can check dry season as well as rainy season, also these charts can provide reinforcing requirement, soil nail's economical length ratio and nail angle as well.

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Microwave-assisted Synthesis of Mixed Ligand Complexes of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) Derived from 4-aminopyridine and Nitrite Ion: Spectral, Thermal and Biological Investigations

  • Dhaveethu, Karuthakannan;Ramachandramoorthy, Thiagarajan;Thirunavukkarasu, Kandasamy
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.57 no.3
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    • pp.341-351
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    • 2013
  • Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes with a general composition[$M(L)_2(X)_2$], where L=4-aminopyridine (4AP) and $X=NO_2{^-}$ were prepared under microwave irradiation. The metal complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductance, IR, Far-IR, electronic, NMR ($^1H$, $^{13}C$), XPS spectral and thermal studies. The spectroscopic studies reveal the composition, different modes of bonding, electronic transition, different chemical environment of C and H atoms and the electronic state of the metal atoms. On the basis of the characterization data, tetrahedral geometry is suggested for all the complexes. The free ligand (4-aminopyridine) and their metal complexes were screened against phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria in vitro and the activities were compared.

Development of limit equilibrium method as optimization in slope stability analysis

  • Mendjel, D.;Messast, S.
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.41 no.3
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    • pp.339-348
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    • 2012
  • The slope stability analysis is usually done using the methods of calculation to rupture. The problem lies in determining the critical failure surface and the corresponding factor of safety (FOS). To evaluate the slope stability by a method of limit equilibrium, there are linear and nonlinear methods. The linear methods are direct methods of calculation of FOS but nonlinear methods require an iterative process. The nonlinear simplified Bishop method's is popular because it can quickly calculate FOS for different slopes. This paper concerns the use of inverse analysis by genetic algorithm (GA) to find out the factor of safety for the slopes using the Bishop simplified method. The analysis is formulated to solve the nonlinear equilibrium equation and find the critical failure surface and the corresponding safety factor. The results obtained by this approach compared with those available in literature illustrate the effectiveness of this inverse method.

EERA: ENHANCED EFFICIENT ROUTING ALGORITHM FOR MOBILE SENSOR NETWORK

  • Hemalatha, S;Raj, E.George Dharma Prakash
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • v.22 no.9
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    • pp.389-395
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    • 2022
  • A Mobile Sensor Network is widely used in real time applications. A critical need in Mobile Sensor Network is to achieve energy efficiency during routing as the sensor nodes have scarce energy resource. The nodes' mobility in MWSN poses a challenge to design an energy efficient routing protocol. Clustering helps to achieve energy efficiency by reducing the organization complexity overhead of the network which is proportional to the number of nodes in the network. This paper proposes"EERA: Energy Efficient Routing Algorithm for Mobile Sensor Network" is divided into five phases. 1, Cluster Formation 2.Cluster head and Transmission head selection 3.Path Establishment / Route discovery and 4,Data Transmission. Experimental Analysis has been done and is found that the proposed method performs better than the existing method with respect to four parameters.

Reliability Analysis of Open Cell Caisson Breakwater Against Circular Slip Failure (무공케이슨 방파제의 원호활동에 대한 신뢰성 분석)

  • Kim, Sunghwan;Huh, Jungwon;Kim, Dongwook
    • Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.193-204
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    • 2019
  • Reliability analyses of sixteen domestic design cases of open cell caisson breakwaters against circular sliding failure were conducted in this study. For the reliability analyses, uncertainties of parameters of soils, mound, and concrete cap were assessed. Bishop simplified method was used to obtain load and resistance of open cell caisson breakwater for randomly generated open cell caisson breakwater. Sufficient number of Monte Carlo simulations were conducted for randomly generated open cell caisson breakwaters, and statistical analysis was conducted on loads and resistances collected from the large number of Monte Carlo simulations. Probability of failure produced from Monte Carlo simulation has a nonconvergence issue for very low probability of failure; therefore, First-Order Reliability Method (FORM) was conducted using the statistical characteristics of loads and resistances of open cell caisson breakwaters. In addition, effects of safety factor, uncertainties of load and resistance, and correlation between load and resistance on reliability of open cell caisson breakwaters against circular sliding failure were examined.

The Design Charts for Soil Nailing Slopes Through Limit Equilibrium Method (한계평형해석을 사용한 Soil Nailing보강사면의 설계도표의 제안)

  • Kim, Hak-Moon;Jang, Kyung-Jun;Seo, Jin-Won
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.10 no.10
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    • pp.2794-2802
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    • 2009
  • Soil nailing method is widely used in reinforcing slopes and excavating earth. The analysis of nail-reinforced slopes, generally require complicated computer programs. The purpose of this paper is suggest, Soil stability Chart for nailed slopes which are very useful for pre-design, rapidly design, and final check. Three slope types, three nail lengths and three nail angles are selected for the stability analysis by using limit equilibrium method form Bishop and French. From the above results, this study propose the reinforced design charts for examine the necessity of reinforcement can be examined. The suggested stability chart and Taylor's Slope Stability Chart, showed similar safety factors. This Soil Nailing design charts can provide the solutions for necessity of reinforcement, economical of nail's length ratio and installation angle as well.

ON HEINZ-KATO-FURUTA INEQUALITY WITH BEST BOUNDS

  • Lin, C.S.
    • The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.93-101
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    • 2008
  • In this article we shall characterize the Heinz-Kato-Furuta inequality in several ways, and the best bound for sharpening of the inequality is obtained by the method in [7].

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ON GENERALIZATION OF COVARIANCE AND VARIANCE

  • Lin C.S.
    • The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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    • v.13 no.2 s.32
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    • pp.137-149
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    • 2006
  • We introduce the notion of the generalized covariance and variance for bounded linear operators on Hilbert space, and prove that the generalized covariance-variance inequality holds. It turns out that the inequality is a useful formula in tile study of inequality involving linear operators in Hilbert spaces.

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