• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.744-749
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• 2007

Kinematic and kinetic analysis has been performed for Soft Golf swings utilizing realistic three dimensional computer simulations based on three dimensional motion tracking data. Soft Golf is a newly developed recreational sport in South Korea aimed to become a safe and easy-to-learn sport for all ages. The advantage of Soft Golf stems from lighter weight of the club and much larger area of the sweet spot. This paper tries to look into kinematic and kinetic aspects of soft golf swings compared to regular golf swing and find the advantages of lighter Soft Golf clubs. For this purpose, swing motions of older aged participants were captured and kinematic analysis was performed for various kinematic parameters such as club head velocity, joint angular velocity, and joint range of motions as a pilot study. Kinetic analysis was performed by applying kinematic data to computer simulation models constructed from anthropometric database and the measurements from the participants. The simulations were solved using multi-body dynamics solver. Firstly, the kinematic parameters such as joint angles were obtained by solving inverse dynamics problem based on motion tracking data. Secondly, the kinetic parameters such as joint torques were obtained by solving control dynamics problem of making joint torque to follow pre-defined joint angle data. The results showed that mechanical loadings to major joints were reduced with lighter Soft Golf club.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.152-159
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• 2012

Campylobacter species are known to the high optimum growth temperature ($42^{\circ}C$) and the cause of enteritis in people. Erythromycin has a curative effect for enteritis caused by the bacteria. However, the rate of erythromycin-resistant bacteria was not well known until recently in Korea. Swine are one of sources of the infection with a Campylobacter species which cause the symptom of a high temperature. In this study, we cultured rectum fecal specimens of 100 pigs in an area of Buan-gun, Jeonbuk Province during July 2009. As a result, the detection rate of C. jejuni and C. coli and the rate of erythromycin-resistant bacteria for the separated Campylobacter species on the condition of high temperature were investigated. The possession or not of hipO and glyA gene and ciprofloxacin-resistant gene gyrA was also reviewed with biochemical characteristics and PCR.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.451-457
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• 2003

Anion-substituted poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes, carboxymethylated PVA (C-PVA), and sulfonated PVA (S-PVA) were prepared and the effects of these substitutions on the plasma protein adsorption were studied by one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. When Cuprophane was used as a negative control, the amount of total proteins bound to samples decreased in the order Cuprophane > PVA > C-PVA > S-PVA, which we attribute to the effects of the surface characteristics of the samples, such as their surface tensions and electrostatic properties, on the adsorption of proteins to the surfaces of the materials. The results revealed that albumin was the most abundant protein in all the samples. The proportion of adsorbed fibrinogen to S-PVA exceeded those of PVA and C-PVA, whereas S-PVA exhibited the lowest IgG adsorption affinity among the samples we studied.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.210-216
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• 2008

The propose of this study is evaluating which correlation of foot pressure distribution and scoliosis that happen by walking to 20'th Mens that have not experienced a scoliosis. The propose of this study is evaluating which correlation of foot pressure distribution and scoliosis that happen by walking to 20'th Mens that have not experienced a scoliosis. Measurement and analysis of Foot Pressure was executed by using by F-scan System. Degree of scoliosis was expressed as a angle used x-ray image of 5-lumbar from 4-thoracic vertebra The correlation between result of foot pressure and degree of scoliosis was evaluated under 0.05 interrelationship, and variables used for analysis were showed high correlation.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.101-110
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• 2005

Periosteum and periosteum-derived progenitor cells have demonstrated the potential for stimulative applications in repairs of various musculoskeletal tissues. It has been found that the periosteum contains mesenchymal progenitor cells capable of differentiating into either osteoblasts or chondrocytes depending on the culture conditions. Anatomically, the periosteum is a heterogeneous multi-layered membrane, consisting of an inner cambium and an outer fibrous layer. The present study was designed to elucidate the cellular phenotypic characteristics of cambium and fibrous layer cells in vitro, and to assess whether structural integrity of the tendon in the bone tunnel can be improved by periosteal augmentation of the tendon­bone interface. It was found the cells from each layer showed distinct phenotypic characteristics in a primary monolayer culture system. Specifically, the cambium cells demonstrated higher osteogenic characteristics (higher alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin levels), as compared to the fibrous cells. Also in vivo animal model showed that a periosteal augmentation of a tendon graft could enhance the structural integrity of the tendon-bone interface, when the periosteum is placed between the tendon and bone interface with the cambium layer facing toward the bone. These findings suggest that extra care needs to be taken in order to identify and maintain the intrinsic phenotypes of the heterogeneous cell types within the periosteum. This will improve our understanding of periosteum in applications for musculoskeletal tissue repairs and tissue engineering.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.141-150
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze the golf swing motion for a soft golf clubs and regular golf club. Soft golf is a newly developed recreational sports for all ages, including the elderly and the beginners of golf. To quantify the effect of using soft golf club, which much lighter club than regular clubs, a motion analysis has been performed using a 3D optoelectric motion tracking system that utilizes active infrared LEDs and near-infrared sensors. The subject performed swing motion using a regular golf club and a soft golf club in turn. The obtained motion capture data was used to build a 3D computer simulation model to obtain left wrist, elbow shoulder and lumbar joint force and torque using inverse and forward dynamics calculations. The joint force and torque during soft golf swing were lower than regular golf swing. The analysis gave better understanding of the effectiveness of the soft golf club.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.151-161
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• 2010

Soft Golf is a newly developed recreational sport in our research team aimed to become a safe and easy-to-learn sport for all ages. The advantage of Soft Golf stems from lighter weight of the club and much larger area of the sweet spot. The purpose of this study is to analyze ground reaction force(GRF) and joint angle during soft Golf club and regular golf club swing. The GRF of golf swing was recorded by 3-D motion analysis system and forceplate. The joint angle of golf swing was obtained from computer simulation model. The GRF and joint angle of golf swing are used to analysis of golf swing pattern. The pattern of GRF and joint angle during soft golf club swing was similar to that during regular golf club swing. This result means that soft golf club reduces the risk of injury and has an effect on similar entertainment of regular golf.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2017

Molecular typing of pathogenic microorganisms is important for epidemiological investigation of infectious disease outbreaks. In this study, we applied Universal Rice Primers (URP) that were originated from repetitive sequences in rice chromosomal DNA to random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella sp. Of the twelve URP primers examined to date, seven primers (URP-2, -3, -4, -5, -6, -8, and -9) generated reproducible and polymorphic PCR products ranging from 1 to 13 bands. One of them, URP-6 was very effective in differentiating seven E. coli serotypes, seven L. monocytogenes clinical isolates, and eight Salmonella subspecies (ssp.) serovars. The results thus indicate that RAPD analysis using URP primers might be useful in typing bacterial pathogens including E. coli, L. monocytogenes, and Salmonella strains.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.30-34
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• 2005

Microarray technology makes it possible to measure the expressions of tens of thousands of genes simultaneously under various experimental conditions. Identifying differentially expressed genes in each single experimental condition is one of the most common first steps in microarray gene expression data analysis. Reasonable choices of thresholds for determining differentially expressed genes are used for the next-stap-analysis with suitable statistical significances. We present a supervised model for identifying DEGs using pathway information based on the global connectivity structure. Pathway information can be regarded as a collection of biological knowledge, thus we are trying to determine the optimal threshold so that the consequential connectivity structure can be the most compatible with the existing pathway information. The significant feature of our model is that it uses established knowledge as a reference to determine the direction of analyzing microarray dataset. In the most of previous work, only intrinsic information in the miroarray is used for the identifying DEGs. We hope that our proposed method could contribute to construct biologically meaningful structure from microarray datasets.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.201-207
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• 2017

Measuring the pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a non-invasive method for evaluating the stiffness of the vessel wall. While previous studies investigated the association of uric acid level with arterial stiffness, most did not consider smoking status and obesity as covariates. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between uric acid levels and arterial stiffness, considering smoking status and obesity. We studied 3390 subjects (1940 males and 1450 females). Abnormal PWV was also defined as the highest quartile of values in the subjects. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation, t-test, and multiple regression analysis. Approximately 41.9% of men and 3.7% of women were current smokers. Prevalence of hypertension was 11.4% in men and 7.0% in women. In women, hyperuricemia was associated with abnormal PWV (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.03~2.43). Hyperuricemia was also associated with abnormal PWV (OR 2.37; 95% CI 1.01~5.59) in non- or light male smokers with normal blood pressure. This study suggests that uric acid is associated with arterial stiffness in women and non-smoking men.