• Title/Summary/Keyword: Biological and physical properties

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Inorganic Components and Some Physical Properties of Sap from Sponge-gourd(Luffa cylindrica L.) as Affected by Collection Time (채취시기(採取時期)에 따른 수세미오이(Sponge-gourd; Luffa cylindrica L.) 수액(樹液)의 무기성분(無機成分) 및 물리적(物理的) 성질(性質)의 특성(特性))

  • Park, Jong-Sang;Lee, Jin-Il;Chang, Ki-Woon
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.67-69
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    • 1996
  • Some physical properties and inorganic components of sap from sponge-gourd(Luffa cylindrica L.) were investigated for their changes affected as collection time. Huter valves, pH, turbidity and viscosity of the sap were not different. pH value was indicated at slightly alkalinity and decreased by culturing period. Potassium, calcium and magnesium were major inorganic components of the sap and podium, zinc and iron were minor components. Copper was not detected in open culturing and also manganes way not detected in all samples.

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Effect of gelation condition on physical properties of dover sole skin gelatin prepared by fractional precipitation with ethanol (에탄올처리 찰가자미류껍질 젤라틴의 물리적 특성에 대한 겔화조건의 영향)

  • Cho, Soon-Yeong;Ha, Jin-Hwan;Lee, Jung-Suck;Lee, Eung-Ho;Kim, Jin-Soo
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.38 no.2
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    • pp.147-150
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    • 1995
  • Effects of gelation conditions on physical properties of dover sole skin gelatin prepared by fractional precipitation with ethanol were investigated. The physical properties such as gel strength, melting point and gelling point of both ethanol treated and non-ethanoltreated gelatins were improved as concentration of gelatin was increased. The physical property of 10% ethanol treated gelatin sol reached maximum at pH 6.0, whereas non-treated one showed maximum at pH 5.0. Both ethanol treated and non-treated gelatin gel showed the higher gel strength and melting point at lower temperatures and longer period of time. Generally, the physical properties of ethanol treated gelatin gel was better than those of non-ethanol treated gel.

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Invasive and non-invasive methods for estimating the optical properties of tissue at laser wavelengths (레이저 파장에서의 생체 침습적 및 비침습적 광학계수 측정 방법)

  • Yoon, Gil-Won
    • Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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    • v.1994 no.12
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    • pp.147-150
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    • 1994
  • To predict light propagation in biological tissues irradiated by laser, the optical properties such as absorption and scattering coefficients are required. There have been various techniques for measuring these coefficients. One method requires tissue samples, often a slab of thin tissue, is invasive. On the other hand, non-invasive method usually measures back-scattered light from a subject with no physical intervent ions. Advantages and disvantages of using different methods are investigated. A careful attention should be made in order to select the best method for a given experimental condition since, even either for invasive or non-invasive method, accuracy is subject to governing models and sample preparations.

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Physico-chemical Properties of Giant Embryo Brown Rice (Keunnunbyeo)

  • Choi, In-Duck;Kim, Deog-Su;Son, Jong-Rok;Yang, Chang-Inn;Chun, Ji-Yeon;Kim, Kee-Jong
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.49 no.3
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    • pp.95-100
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    • 2006
  • Brown rice with a giant embryo (GE) was observed on the quality parameters of the enlargement of embryo, nutritional components, and physical properties, in comparison to normal embryo brown rice (NE). Also, the effects of germination on the quality parameters were examined. GE embryo was approximately 2.68 times larger than of NE rice. Total free sugars were significantly higher in GE rice (71.96 vs. 41.17 mg/100 g), and germinated rice increased in fructose, but decreased in sucrose and maltose. No significant difference in mineral contents was found in GE and NE rice and their germinated rice, whereas a significant increment was observed on reducing sugars and gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) contents in GE rice. The lower water absorption index (WAI) of GE rice resulted in relatively lower pasting viscosity, whereas the increased WSI in germinated rice might be attributable to the significant increment of soluble components in GE rice.

Ultrasonic velocity as a tool for mechanical and physical parameters prediction within carbonate rocks

  • Abdelhedi, Mohamed;Aloui, Monia;Mnif, Thameur;Abbes, Chedly
    • Geomechanics and Engineering
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.371-384
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    • 2017
  • Physical and mechanical properties of rocks are of interest in many fields, including materials science, petrophysics, geophysics and geotechnical engineering. Uniaxial compressive strength UCS is one of the key mechanical properties, while density and porosity are important physical parameters for the characterization of rocks. The economic interest of carbonate rocks is very important in chemical or biological procedures and in the field of construction. Carbonate rocks exploitation depends on their quality and their physical, chemical and geotechnical characteristics. A fast, economic and reliable technique would be an evolutionary advance in the exploration of carbonate rocks. This paper discusses the ability of ultrasonic wave velocity to evaluate some mechanical and physical parameters within carbonate rocks (collected from different regions within Tunisia). The ultrasonic technique was used to establish empirical correlations allowing the estimation of UCS values, the density and the porosity of carbonate rocks. The results illustrated the behavior of ultrasonic pulse velocity as a function of the applied stress. The main output of the work is the confirmation that ultrasonic velocity can be effectively used as a simple and economical non-destructive method for a preliminary prediction of mechanical behavior and physical properties of rocks.

Evaluations of a Commercial CLEANBOLUS-WHITE for Clinical Application

  • Geum Bong Yu;Jung-in Kim;Jaeman Son
    • Progress in Medical Physics
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.10-15
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    • 2024
  • Purpose: This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the diverse characteristics of a novel commercial bolus, CLEANBOLUS-WHITE (CBW), to ascertain its suitability for clinical application. Methods: The evaluation of CBW encompassed both physical and biological assessments. Physical parameters such as mass density and shore hardness were measured alongside analyses of element composition. Biological evaluations included assessments for skin irritation and cytotoxicity. Dosimetric properties were examined by calculating surface dose and beam quality using a treatment planning system (TPS). Additionally, doses were measured at maximum and reference depths, and the results were compared with those obtained using a solid water phantom. The effect of air gap on dose measurement was also investigated by comparing measured doses on the RANDO phantom, under the bolus, with doses calculated from the TPS. Results: Biological evaluation confirmed that CBW is non-cytotoxic, nonirritant, and non-sensitizing. The bolus exhibited a mass density of 1.02 g/cm3 and 14 shore 00. Dosimetric evaluations revealed that using the 0.5 cm CBW resulted in less than a 1% difference compared to using the solid water phantom. Furthermore, beam quality calculations in the TPS indicated increased surface dose with the bolus. The air gap effect on dose measurement was deemed negligible, with a difference of approximately 1% between calculated and measured doses, aligning with measurement uncertainty. Conclusions: CBW demonstrates outstanding properties for clinical utilization. The dosimetric evaluation underscores a strong agreement between calculated and measured doses, validating its reliability in both planning and clinical settings.

Mechanical Properties of Cucumber under Bending Force (휨하중(荷重)을 받는 오이의 역학적(力學的) 특성(特性))

  • Kim, M.S.;Song, C.H.;Park, J.M.
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.30-36
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    • 1993
  • Cucumbers being living biological materials are generally vulnerable to external forces, especially, bending force during the processes, because they have usually longish shape. Understanding the mechanical and viscoelastic properties of cucumber is important to analyze various characteristics which might be helpful in determining design parameters for the processing equipment such as sorting, packaging and transporting machine. The objectives of this study were to determine ultimate bending strength, deflections, and hysteresis losses for the cucumbers from the bending tests. Within the range of loading rate from 20 to 100mm/min, the ultimate bending strength of the cucumber samples were 525-630kPa at the Gyeousalicheongjang and the Baekdadagi, and 476~618kPa at the Cheongjangmadi, respectively, but the ultimate bending deflection ratio of the Cheongjangmadi showed the highest value among the tested samples. The effect of loading rate on the physical properties of the cucumber was relatively significant, all considered physical properties and degree of elasticity of the cucumber increased with the loading rate, but the hysteresis loss decreased with it.

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Carbon Ion Therapy: A Review of an Advanced Technology

  • Kim, Jung-in;Park, Jong Min;Wu, Hong-Gyun
    • Progress in Medical Physics
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.71-80
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    • 2020
  • This paper provides a brief review of the advanced technologies for carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT), with a focus on current developments. Compared to photon beam therapy, treatment using heavy ions, especially a carbon beam, has potential advantages due to its physical and biological properties. Carbon ion beams with high linear energy transfer demonstrate high relative biological effectiveness in cell killing, particularly at the Bragg peak. With these unique properties, CIRT allows for accurate targeting and dose escalation for tumors with better sparing of adjacent normal tissues. Recently, the available CIRT technologies included fast pencil beam scanning, superconducting rotating gantry, respiratory motion management, and accurate beam modeling for the treatment planning system. These techniques provide precise treatment, operational efficiency, and patient comfort. Currently, there are 12 CIRT facilities worldwide; with technological improvements, they continue to grow in number. Ongoing technological developments include the use of multiple ion beams, effective beam delivery, accurate biological modeling, and downsizing the facility.

Influence of preparation parameters on rheological behavior and microstructure of aqueous mixtures of hyaluronic acid/poly(vinyl alcohol)

  • Park Hyun-Ok;Hong Joung Sook;Ahn Kyung Hyun;Lee Seung Jong;Lee Seong Jae
    • Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.79-85
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    • 2005
  • Aqueous mixtures of hyaluronic acid and poly(vinyl alcohol) system and hydrogels thereof were introduced to obtain new bioartificial materials that have excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility and enhanced rheological properties. The interactions between hyaluronic acid and poly(vinyl alcohol) and/or borax were investigated by rheological measurements. Preparation parameters of the aqueous mixtures were mixture composition, the degree of hydrolysis of poly(vinyl alcohol) and borax concentration. From the rheological behavior, it could be deduced that the key factor of the interaction between hyaluronic acid and poly(vinyl alcohol) was the hydrogen bonding between them and the effect was pronounced with borax. Enhanced viscosity was observed at the composition of $20wt\%$ of hyaluronic acid solution and $80wt\%$ of poly(vinyl alcohol) and borax solution. Rheological properties were influenced by the degree of hydrolysis of poly(vinyl alcohol) and borax concentration. As the degree of hydrolysis and borax concentration increased, rheological properties increased due to the increased hydrogen bonding and networking of hyaluronate aggregates. Physical hydrogels from hyaluronic acid and poly(vinyl alcohol) were prepared and the composition dependence of the gels was rheologically investigated as well.

Doped Sol-gel TiO2 Films for Biological Applications

  • Gartner, M.;Trapalis, C.;Todorova, N.;Giannakopoulou, T.;Dobrescu, G.;Anastasescu, M.;Osiceanu, P.;Ghita, A.;Enache, M.;Dumitru, L.;Stoica, T.;Zaharescu, M.;Bae, J.Y.;Suh, S.H.
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.29 no.5
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    • pp.1038-1042
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    • 2008
  • Mono and multilayer TiO2(Fe, $PEG_{600}$) films were deposited by the dip-coating on $SiO_2$/glass substrate using sol-gel method. In an attempt to improve the antibacterial properties of doped $TiO_2$ films, the influence of the iron oxides and polyethilenglycol ($PEG_{600}$) on the morphological, optical, surface chemical composition and biological properties of nanostructured layers was studied. Complementary measurements were performed including Spectroscopic Ellipsometry (SE), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with the fractal analysis, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and antibacterial tests. It was found that different concentrations of Fe and $PEG_{600}$ added to coating solution strongly influence the porosity and morphology at nanometric scale related to fractal behaviour and the elemental and chemical states of the surfaces as well. The thermal treatment under oxidative atmosphere leads to films densification and oxides phase stabilization. The antibacterial activity of coatings against Escherichia Coli bacteria was examined by specific antibacterial tests.