• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.232-239
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• 2006

The microbial activity and bacterial community structure of activated sludge reactors, which treated free cyanide (FC), zinc-complexed cyanide (ZC), or nickel-complexed cyanide (NC), were studied. The three reactors (designated as re-FC, re-ZC, and re-NC) were operated for 50 days with a stepwise decrease of hydraulic retention time. In the re-FC and re-ZC reactors, FC or ZC was almost completely removed, whereas approximately 80-87% of NC was removed in re-NC. This result might be attributed to the high toxicity of nickel released after degradation of NC. In the batch test, the sludges taken from re-FC and re-ZC completely degraded FC, ZC, and NC, whereas the sludge from re-NC degraded only NC. Although re-FC and re-ZC showed similar properties in regard to cyanide degradation, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of the 16S rRNA gene of the bacterial communities in the three reactors showed that bacterial community was specifically acclimated to each reactor. We found several bacterial sequences in DGGE bands that showed high similarity to known cyanide-degrading bacteria such as Klebsiella spp., Acidovorax spp., and Achromobacter xylosoxidans. Flocforming microorganism might also be one of the major microorganisms, since many sequences related to Zoogloea, Microbacterium, and phylum TM7 were detected in all the reactors.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.215-219
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• 2014

Background: Biological control of plant pathogens using benign or beneficial microorganisms as antagonistic agents is currently considered to be an important component of integrated pest management in agricultural crops. In this study, we evaluated the potential of Bacillus subtilis strain HK-CSM-1 as a biological control agent against Colletotrichum panacicola. Methods: The potential of B. subtilis HK-CSM-1 as a biological control agent for ginseng anthracnose was assessed. C. panacicola was inoculated to ginseng plants and the incidence and severity of disease was assessed to examine the efficacy of the bacterium as a biological control against C. panacicola. Results: Inoculation of Panax ginseng plants with B. subtilis significantly suppressed the number of disease lesions of C. panacicola and was as effective as the chemical fungicide iminoctadine tris(albesilate). The antifungal activity of B. subtilis against C. panacicola was observed on a co-culture medium. Interestingly, treatment with B. subtilis did not significantly affect the diameter of the lesions, suggesting that the mechanism of protection was through the reduction in the incidence of infection related to the initial events of the infection cycle, including penetration and infection via spore germination and appressorium formation rather than by the inhibition of invasive growth after infection. Conclusion: Our results suggest that B. subtilis HK-CSM-1 can be used as an effective and ecologically friendly biological control agent for anthracnose in P. ginseng.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.32 no.12
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• pp.919-928
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• 2022

As seen in the COVID-19 pandemic, unexpected emergence of new viruses presents serious concern on public health. Especially, the absence of effective vaccines or antiviral drugs against emerging viruses significantly increases the severity of disease and duration of viral circulation among population. Natural products have served as a major source for safe and effective antiviral drugs. In this study, we examined the virucidal activity of medical herb extracts with a view to discover novel antiviral agents with desired levels of safety and antiviral efficacy. Ethanol extracts of ten selected medical herbs were tested for antioxidant activity and in-vitro cytotoxicity in various animal cell lines. Of note, the herbal extracts showed broad and potent virucidal activities against rotavirus, hepatitis A virus, and influenza A virus. The extracts of Sorbus commixta and Glycyrrhiza uralensis showed strong virucidal activities against influenza A virus. We also examined whether the extracts of Sorbus commixta and Glycyrrhiza uralensis can be used as inactivating agents to prepare an inactivated viral vaccine. In a mouse model, influenza A virus inactivated by the extracts elicited high levels of neutralizing antibodies, and the vaccination provided complete protection against lethal challenge. These results suggest that herb-derived natural products can be developed to antiviral drugs as well as inactivating agents for preparation of inactivated viral vaccines.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.164-165
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• 2005

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.31-34
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• 1982

The development of biomedical instrument that is widely used in hospital played a important role in engineering with advance of electronic engineering. We have initiated the development of EKG monitor which is basically used in biomedical equipment, and then accomplished it especially considered patient safety.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1992 no.05
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• pp.193-197
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• 1992

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.11
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• pp.353-354
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• 1997

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1996 no.11
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• pp.331-334
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• 1996

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.478-481
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• 2007

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.221-225
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• 2013

Sustainability, in general, means the protection of environmental resources and economic prosperity, with the consideration of the social, economic and environmental effect, as well as human health and the enhancement of life. Profound consideration about sustainability has to handle the overall cycle of feedstock, resource extraction, transportation and production in addition to the environmental effect. Sustainable development of the chemical industries should be carried out complementarily by strengthening the chemical process safety of the industries. In this respect, chemical process safety can be called an opportunity to enhance the compatibility internationally. Changing new paradigm in chemical process safety is formed from the overall life cycle considering basic design of existing systems and production processes. To improve the chemical process safety, the integrated smart system is necessary, comprising various chemical safety database and knowledge base and improved methods of quantitative risk analysis, including management system. This paper discussed the necessity of overall life cycle in chemical process safety and proposed new technology to improve the sustainability. To develop the sustainable industries in process systems engineering, three S, which include Safety, Stability and Security, will have to be combined appropriate.