• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.897-904
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• 2010

This study assessed the quality of barley Dasik manufactured, according to traditional methods, with various levels of Maesil (Prunus mume) extracts at weight percentages of 0% (BD1), 10% (BD2), 20% (BD3), 30% (BD4), 40% (BD5). The Dasik were analysed with proximate analysis, a sugar content analysis, Hunter's color value test, mechanical characteristics test and a sensory evaluation. Increased ratios added Maesil extracts led to the moisture content, crude ash, and crude fat to significantly increase (p<.001). 10% (BD2) had significantly higher levels of crude protein (p<.01). Sugar contents was highest in 0% (BD1) and decreased as the amount of added Maesil extracts increased. This increase also led to higher L-values and b-values of chromaticity (p<.001) and the a-value of 0% (BD1) was significantly higher than the sample groups (p<.001). Changes in texture profile analysis, hardness and gumminess values were highest in the control group and the values of those in the sample group decreased with increasing amounts of Maesil extract (p<.001). It should be noted that, among the samples evaluated, barley Dasik that contained 10% Maesil extract (BD2) had the highest commercial value.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.646-651
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• 2005

The growth responses of Ruta chalepensis leaf-derived materials toward human intestinal bacteria were examined. The biologically active constituent of the R. chalepensis extract was characterized as quinoline-4-carboxaldehyde($C_{10}H_{7}NO$). The growth responses varied depending on the bacterial strain, chemicals, and dose tested. At 0.25 and 0.1 mg/disk, quinoline-4-carboxaldehyde strongly inhibited the growth of Clostridium perfringens and weakly inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli without any adverse effects on the growth of three lactic acid bacteria. Furthermore, at 0.05 and 0.025 mg/disk, this isolate showed moderate activity against C. perfringens. In comparison, chloramphenicol at as low as 0.01 mg/disk significantly inhibited the growth of all bacteria tested, and cinnamaldehyde at 0.25 mg/disk did not inhibit Bifidobacterium bifidum, B. longum, E. coli, and Lactobacillus acidophilus, with the exception of C. perfringens. The structure-activity relationship revealed that quinoline-3-carboxaldehyde had strong growth inhibition against C. perfringens, but quinoline, quinoline-3-carboxylic acid, and quinoline-4-carboxylic acid did not inhibit the growth of B. bifidum, B. longum, C. perfringens, E. coli, and L. acidophilus. These results indicate that the carboxyl aldehyde functional group of quinolines seems to be required for growth-inhibiting activity against C. perfringens, thus indicating at least one of the pharmacological actions of R. chalepensis leaf.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.164-167
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• 2005

The growth responses of materials extracted from Juniperus virginiana leaves against Bifidobacterium bifidum, B. longum, Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. casei, and Streptococcus mutans were examined using impregnated paper disk agar diffusion. The biologically active constituent isolated from the J. virginiana extracts was characterized as ${\alpha}$-cedrene using various spectroscopic analyses including IR, EI-MS, and NMR. The responses varied according to the dose, chemicals, and bacterial strain tested. Methanol extracts of J. virginiana leaves exhibited a strong and moderate inhibitory activity against C. perfringens and E. coli at 5 mg/disk, respectively. However, in tests conducted with B. bifidum, B. longum, L. acidophilus, L. casei, and S. mutans, the methanol extracts showed no or weak inhibitory response. At 2 mg/disk, a-cedrene strongly inhibited the growth of C. perfringens and moderately inhibited the growth of E. coli and S. mutans, without any adverse effects on the growth of four lactic acid-bacteria. Of the commercially available compounds originating from J. virginiana leaves, cedrol and ${\alpha}$-pinene exhibited strong and moderate growth inhibition against C. perfringens, and ${\alpha}$-copaene revealed moderate growth inhibition against E. coli at 1 mg/disk. Furthermore, cedrol exhibited moderate and weak growth inhibition against S. mutans at 2 and 1 mg/disk, respectively. However, little or no activity was observed for camphene, (+)-2-carene, p-cymene, limonene, linalool, and a-phellandrene against B. bifidum, B. longum, C. perfringens, L. acidophilus, L. casei, and S. mutans at 2 mg/disk. The observed inhibitory activity of the J. virginiana leaf-extracted materials against C. perfringens, E. coli, and S. mutans may be an indication of at least one of the pharmacological actions of the J. virginiana leaf.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.773-780
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• 2015

Lactic acid fermentation of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) juice was carried out by using the Lactobacillus plantarum GBL17 strain. The sterilized black raspberry juice was fermented using the L. plantarum GBL17 strain at $30^{\circ}C$ for 72 hours after which the total acidity increased and the pH value decreased. In addition, the highest total acidity content (2.38%) was reached, the lowest pH value (3.22) was observed, and the sugar content decreased by $9.8^{\circ}Brix$ after the 72 hour fermentation. The number of viable cells rapidly increased up until 24 hours, after which it gradually decreased. HPLC analysis of the organic acids showed 14.51 mg/g of lactic acid content in the fermented black raspberry juice, which was not detected in the non-fermented black raspberry juice (control). The content of fructose and glucose slightly decreased after fermentation. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of the fermented black raspberry juice increased significantly after fermentation. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of fermented black raspberry juice (70.92%) was higher than that of the control (62.96%). After lactic acid fermentation, there was no significant increase in ABTS radical scavenging activity. These results confirm that lactic acid bacteria, such as L. plantarum GBL17, showed generally higher activities with a potential as a functional beverage.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.140-148
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• 2017

Hyperlipidemia, which is closely associated with a fatty diet and aging, is commonly observed in the western and aged society. Therefore, a novel therapeutic approach for this disease is critical, and an immunological view has been suggested as a novel strategy, because hyperlipidemia is closely associated with inflammation and immune dysfunction. In this study, the effects of an aqueous extract of Rubus occidentalis (RO) in obese mice were investigated using immunological indexes. The mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce hyperlipidemia, which was confirmed by biochemical analysis and examination of the mouse physiology. Two different doses of RO and rosuvastatin, a cholesterol synthesis inhibitor used as a control, were orally administered. Disturbances in immune cellularity as well as lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production were significantly normalized by oral administration of RO, which also decreased the elevated serum tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ level and total cholesterol. The specific immune-related actions of RO comprised considerable improvement in cytotoxic T cell killing functions and regulation of antibody production to within the normal range. The immunological evidence confirms the significant cholesterol-lowering effect of RO, suggesting its potential as a novel therapeutic agent for hyperlipidemia and associated immune decline.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.420-423
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• 2005

Effects of Dasom Valley and Bora Valley on fecal microflora, fecal moisture, and fecal pH of twelve healthy human volunteers were investigated. Numbers of Bifidobacterium, Clostridium perfringens, Escherichia coli, and Lactobacillus of control group were $9.24{\pm}0.63$, $4.44{\pm}1.21$, $7.75{\pm}0.38$, and $6.98{\pm}0.81$ (Log CFU/g wet feces), respectively. During administration of Dasom Valley, numbers of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were $10.70{\pm}0.44$ and $8.84{\pm}0.77$, whereas those of C. perfringens and E. coli were $2.96{\pm}1.50$ and $6.69{\pm}0.29$, respectively. Administration of Dasom Valley significantly increased growth responses of beneficial bacteria, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, whereas those of harmful bacteria, C. perfringens and E. coli, significantly decreased. Moisture content of feces increased and fecal pH decreased with intake of Dasom Valley. Intake of Bora Valley slightly increased numbers of Bifidbacterium and Lactobacillus and slightly decreased those of C. perfringens and E. coli. Results indicate Dasom Valley has greater intestinal-modulating effect than Bora Valley and Atlantic. Daily intake of Dasom Valley may normalize disturbed physiological functions, resulting in improvement of growth and composition of microbial community within intestinal tract.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.130-132
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• 2002

This experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of different dietary ME and CP on post-molt performance of spent laying hens. Four hundred and thirty two, ISA brown after molt induction were fed 6 experimental diets containing 3 ME(2,750, 2,800, 2,850 kcal/kg) and 2 CP(15, 17%) levels in factorial design. The influence of ME and CP were measured on body weight, egg production, egg weight and feed intake throughout 24 weeks of production. Egg mass and FCR were calculated for the entire experimental period body weight remained less in hens receiving 2,800 kcal/kg. ME and showed the highest egg Production coupled with 15% CP. Feed intake decreased with the increasing level of ME and CP. As the results of this experiment, 2,800 kcal/kg ME can be used to maintain the low body weight and to obtain higher egg production with 15% CP in induced molting hens.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.658-666
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of rice contatining Aspergillus terreus (Hwangkuk, HK) on lipid metabolism in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats fed a high-cholesterol diet (HCD) for 8 weeks. SD rats were divided into five groups: Normal, [Negative Control (HCD), Positive Control (lovastatin)], [HK 0.5 g/kg and HK 2 g/kg]. Hepatic total lipids significantly decreased following treatment with rice contatining Asp. terreus. Furthermore, this treatment led to higher expression levels of HMG-CoA reductase, LDL receptor and SREBP2 mRNA in the liver compared with the HCD group. In addition, histopathologic evaluation showed that feeding rats with rice containing Asp. terreus suppressed hepatic steatosis. These results suggest that rice containing Asp. terreus may be able to regulate of cholesterol synthesis and prevent hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.484-488
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• 2005

This study has been to produce of anti-H. pylori antibody in milk produced from cows immunized with antigen of Helicobacter pylori and to search the relationship between vaccine dosage and antibody formation and impact of vaccine dosage on cows. The content of anti-H. pylori antibody in serum and whey increased in accordance with vaccine dosage volume. It has been confirmed that the formation of high-quantified antibody was produced in all groups with vaccine dosages of 10 mL, 20 mL and 30 mL. It has been turned out that the antibody was formed most in 20 mL dosage. It was inclined to $12\%$ reduce caused by vaccine injection, but recovered after about maximum 1 week. In measurement of body temperature of cows after vaccine injected, it was inclined to rise with the normal scope in comparison with the controlled conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.599-604
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to develop the new processing method for ginseng. To investigate the efficacy of the new product (the traditional rice wine steamed-red ginseng: RWS-RGS), antioxidant and anticancer effects of RWS-RGS were examined. The DPPH radical scavenging effect of RWS-RGS extracted with ethanol was increased in dose-dependent manner Especially, A3 ($3^{rd}$ traditional rice wine steamed-red ginsengs) exhibited effective DPPH radical scavenging activity. Nitrite scavenging effect of white ginseng (W.G), red ginseng (R.G) and RWS-RGS ($A1\~A9:\;1^{st}$ traditional rice wine steamed-red $ginseng\~9^{th}$ traditional rice wine steamed-red ginseng) were $25.9{\pm}4.4\%,\;12.9{\pm}1.1\%\;and\;26.2{\pm}0.1\~56.1{\pm}0.6\%$ at pH 1.2, respectively. The antitumor effects of W.G, R.G and RWS-RGS (A9) were examined in Hep3B cancer cells. Their growth inhibition against Hep3B cancer cells showed $19.6{\pm}4.5\%,\;54.5{\pm}6.1\%,\;96.3{\pm}2.4\%$ at 5,000 ppm, respectively. These result suggest that the traditional rice wine steamed ginseng will be useful product with antioxidant and antitumor effect.