• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2019

We investigated the effect of Fe₃O₄ addition on the critical temperature of (Bi, Pb)-2223 polycrystalline samples. Bi_1.6Pb_0.4Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O_10+δ + x wt. % Fe₃O₄ (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8) samples were prepared by using a solid-state reaction method. The analysis of X-ray diffraction data indicates that as Fe₃O₄ is added, dominant phase of the sample changes from Bi-2223 to Bi-2212 with an increasing Bi-2201 phase. The transition temperature of the samples drastically decreased with the Fe₃O₄ addition. The resistance data of samples with x = 0.2 and 0.4 showed a double transition indicating a coexistence of Bi-2223 and Bi-2212 phase while the samples with x = 0.6 and 0.8 showed a single transition with a semiconducting behavior. This phase transition may originate from changes in local structure of the Bi-2223 system by Fe₃O₄ addition. Analysis of the pair distribution function of the Cu-O pair in the CuO₂ plane calculated from extended X-ray absorption fine structure data revealed that the oxygen coordination of copper ion changes from CuO₄ planar type (x = 0.0 - 0.4) to CuO₅ pyramidal type (x = 0.6, 0.8). The correlated Debye-Waller factor, providing information on the atomic disorder within the CuO₂ plane, shows an inverse relation to the coordination number. These results indicate that addition of Fe₃O₄ changes the oxygen distribution around Cu in the CuO₂ plane, causing a phase transition from Bi-2223 to more stable Bi-2212/Bi-2201 phases.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.252-255
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• 1996

Superconducting current lead is one of the promising applications of the oxide high-Tc superconductors, because they have the advantage of decreasing heat conduction to low temperature region, comparing with a conventional cooper alloy lead. High critical current density is a key factor for the applications such as current lead. (Bi,Pb)$_2$Sr$_2$Ca$_2$Cu$_3$O$\_$x/ high Tc superconductor haute been investigated in terms of critical current density. Bi-2223 superconducting current lead made by CIP and solid state sintering process. Bi-2223 current lead that heat treated at 836$^{\circ}C$ for 240 h in 1/13 P$\_$O$_2$/ had over 150 A/$\textrm{cm}^2$ of critical current density at 77K. We knew that the superconducting properties of tube type current leads were better than rods type of them. And we investigated the relation of Bi-2223 formation and heat treatment condition by XRD and SEM analysis.

• 한국초전도저온공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초전도저온공학회 1999년도 제1회 학술대회논문집(KIASC 1st conference 99)
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• pp.10-13
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• 1999

For large scale applications of high temperature superconductor(HTS) such as transmission cables, motors and generators, long length of flexible HTS conductors is required. Currently, HTS tape that is capable of being fabricated in long length by industrial processes is the Bi-2223 HTS tape. In this study, we fabricated 19 filamentary Bi-2223($Bi_{1.8}$$Pb_{0.4}$$Sr_{2}$$Ca_{2}$$Cu_{3}$$O_{10+X}$) HTS tape with 100m length by PIT(Powder In Tube) process. Critical current(Ic) of this long length tape was measured 18.5 A at 77 K, self field and short sample Ic is 32.5 A at the same condition. Critical current of 100m length tape was decreased by about 1/3 compared to that of short tape. This was mainly resulted from the increase of non homogeneity in oxide layer.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1991년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.311-315
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• 1991

The formation and transition of 2212 and 2223 phase have been studied in BPSCCO system. The 2212 phase formed in early sintering state reacts on $Ca_2PbO_4,\;Ca_2CuO_3$ and CuO during sintering process and thus produces the 2223 phase. A long sintering period is need to fabricate the superconductor with large volume fraction of 2223 phase. Also, the thin plate-like grains composed of Bi, Sr, Ca and Cu contribute to 2223 phase formation. Though the sample has lower volume fraction of 2223 phase, the critical temperature is measured highly in case of the grain grown to plate-like shape. In this work, the critical temperature of the sample sintered for 264 hr in air was measured 108 K. Microstructure of the sample was varied with condition of heat treatment after sintering process and the sample annealed with $500^{\circ}C$ for 5 hr showed excellent charateristics of 2223 phase formation.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.265-272
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• 2008

In this paper, AC losses of long wire Bi-2223 tapes with different twist pitch of superconducting core were fabricated, measured and analyzed. These samples produced by a powder-in-tube method are multi-filamentary tape with Ag matrix. Also, it's produced by non-twist. The critical current measurement was carried out under the environment in Liquid nitrogen and in zero field by 4-prob method. And the Magnetic measurement was carried out under the environment of applied time-varying transport current by transport method. From experiment, the susceptibility measurements were conducted while cooling in a magnetic field. Flux loss measurements were conducted as a function of ramping rate, frequency and field direction. The AC flux loss increases as the twist-pitch of the tapes decreased, in agreement with the Norris Equation. Neutron-diffraction measurements have been carried out investigate the crystal structure, magnetic structures, and magnetic phase transitions in Bi-2223([Bi, Pb]:Sr:Ca:Cu:O).

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 C
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• pp.924-925
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• 1999

Bi-system high-$T_c$ superconductors with the nominal composition $(Bi_{0.7}Pb_{0.3})_2-Sr_{2}Ca_{2}Cu_{3}O_{x}$ have been prepared by PJL method. The critical temperature (offset temperature) of the sample annealed for 13 hours in air was 102K. And the results of X-ray diffraction(XRD) patterns, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectra analyses, it was found that PJL method is so effective to reduce the heat treatment period.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.4 No.1
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• pp.115-118
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• 2003

The sensor at liquid nitrogen temperature showed the increase of electrical resistance by applying magnetic field. Actually, the voltage drop across the sensor was changed from zero to a value more than $100\;{\mu}V$ by the applied magnetic field. The change of electrical resistance depended on magnetic field. The sensitivity of this sensor was $2.9\;{\Omega}/T$. The sensing limit was about $1.5{\times}10^{-5}\;T$. The increase of electrical resistance by the magnetic field was ascribed to a modification of the Josephson junctions due to the penetrating magnetic flux into the superconducting material. Considering the observed properties of the superconductor with trapped magnetic flux, a magnetic sensor was fabricated to detect simultaneously both the intensity and the direction of the magnetic field.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1992년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.58-63
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• 1992

Effects of the second sintering process on the superconducting characteristics of the (Bi, Pb)SrCaCuO system have been studied. It was found that the optimal calcining temperature of mixed powder may be proper to 820$^{\circ}C$ and the optimal sintering temperture was determined on 845$^{\circ}C$. The 2212 phases transitioned the 2223 phasses during the sintring process and zero resistance was attained at 108 K for the samples sintered for 264 hr. The 2223 phases changed into the 2212 phases and nonsuperconducting phases by the second grinding process. And the 2223 phases did not recover easily by the second sintering process.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1996년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1660-1662
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• 1996

Superconducting current lead is one of the promising applications of the oxide high-Tc superconductors, because they have the advantage of decreasing heat conduction to low temperature region, comparing with a conventional cooper alloy lead. High critical current density is a key factor for the applications such as current lead. $(Bi,Pb)_{2}Sr_{2}Ca_{2}Cu_{3}O_{x}$ high Tc superconductor hase been investigated in terms of critical current density. Bi-2223 superconducting current lead made by CIP and solid state sintering process. Bi-2223 current lead that heat treated at $836\;^{\circ}C$ for 240 h in 1/13 $PO_2$ had over $500\;A/cm^2$ of critical current density at 77K. We knew that the superconducting properties of tube type current leads were better than rods type of them. And we investigated the relation of Bi-2223 formation and heat treatment condition by XRD and SEM analysis.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1999

we evaluated the effects of joining process such as contact method. shape of joined area and pressure on the electrical and mechanical properties of Bi-2223 superconducting tape, Specifically. the current capacity of the jointed tape was measured as a function of uniaxial pressure. and the thermal shock, bonding strength and the thermal of the tape were evaluated and correlated to the microstructural evolution. It was observed that the current capacity was significanrly dependent on the uniaxial pressure The jointed tape, fabricated with a pressure of 1,000-1,600 Mpa. showed the highest value of current capacity results from improvements in core density, contacting area and grain alignment, ect. In addition, the strength of jointed tape was measured to be 86 Mpa, which is about 88% of the unjoined ape's strength. The irreversible strain($\varepsilon$irrev) for the jointed tape was measured to be 0.1%, smaller than that of unjoined tape ($\varepsilon$irrev= 0.3%). The decrease in the strength and irreversible strain for jointed tape is believed to be due to the irregular geometry/morphology of the transition area of the tape.