• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.5 no.1 s.9
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• pp.35-44
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to find the bi-polar adjectives for rural stream landscape evaluation by the semantic differential scale and to suggest the major determinants of visual preference in rural stream landscapes. For this, the bi-polar adjectives for rural stream landscape evaluation was found by the method of the reliability test, and the spatial image was analyzed by the factor analysis. The level of visual preference was measured by slide simulation test, and these data were analyzed by the multiple regression. The major findings of this study can be summarized as follows : 1) Of the bi-polar adjectives expressing psychological and physical characteristics, the hi-polar adjectives which demonstrated reliability and consistency run as follows : Bi-polar adjectives expressing psychological characteristics : 'calm-bustling', 'unfamiliar-familiar', 'still-active','depressing-brisk', 'discomfortable-comfortable', 'suppressed-free', 'lifeless-living', 'quiet-noisy', 'unpleasant-pleasant'. Bi-polar adjectives expressing physical characteristics : 'artificial-natural', 'narrow-wide', 'rocky-not rocky', 'desolate-fertile', 'dirty-clean', 'enclosed-open', 'flat-steep', 'not gravelly-gravelly', 'thicketed-not thicketed', 'not weedy-weedy'. 2) Two factors, the harmony and the movement, were derived from the factor analysis for the psychological variables. Three factors, the naturalness, the rock, and the vegetation, were derived from the factor analysis for the physical variables. 3) Rural stream landscape types were classified into four types by the multi-dimensional scaling method. Type III, IV obtained higher rank of visual preference and type I, II obtained lower. 4) For all types, the factors determining the level of visual preference were found to be the harmony, the naturalness, and the vegetation. The visual preference determinants of rural stream landscape need to be considered in improving or restoring the rural stream landscapes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.767-775
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate the visual sensibilities of brassiere design. Brassieres were divided into three types according to connection of a cup and a strp. In each type Lace was used where the part of the cup divided by Lines which were constructed such as a mold a horizontal a vertical a mixed and an oblique design. As a result 39 brassieres were obtained. The experiment has been done for seven groups which were divided by the type line and lace with 5 semantic differential bi-polar scales and 10 specialists. The data was analyzed using the statistical SPSS package. The major findings of this research were as follows. An oblique design line in the brassiere were effective in making the breast look bigger more buxom and more voluminous. To make the breast look small and unvoluminous the use of a mold in the 1/2 cup brassiere was effective. Also a mold using lace ion the 1/2 cup brassiere had an effect in making the breast look flatter and broader.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.635-644
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate the visual sensibilities of brassiere design. Brassieres were divided into three types according to connection of a cup and a strap. In each type Lace was used where the part of the cup divided by lines which were constructed such as a mold horizontal a vertical a mixed and an oblique design. As a result 39 brassieres were obtained. The experiment has been done for the 39 brassieres with 17 semantic differential bi-polar scales. The subjects were 60 female students majoring in clothing and textiles, The data was analyzed using the statistical SPSS package. The major findings of this research were as follows. 1. As a results of the factor analysis, 3 factors(Attractiveness Appearance. Cuteness) were found to be constructing factors for brassiere image. 2. There were significant differences in the visual evaluation of brassiere design especially in the change of lace. 3. As a result of the regression analysis the images affecting preferences were pretty fascinating natural appropriate sexy and clean.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.369-378
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• 2004

The objectives of this study were to measure the preference and purchase intention on Korean traditional motifs and to investigate the relationship among preference, purchase intention, and sensibility. The subjects consisted of 217 male and 351 female US undergraduate students. The experimental materials used in this study were 48 stimuli and a questionnaire, composed of 7-point semantic differential scales of 17 bi-polar adjectives. The data were analyzed by ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, Regression, and t-test. The major findings were as follows; First, interpretation type and application object had significant effects on the preference, while category and interpretation type had significant effects on the purchase intension. The application of Korean traditional motifs for pattern design was preferred to their application for clothing design. Decorative type was found to be more related to the preference and purchase intention than the other interpretation types of realistic, stylized and abstract types. The purchase intention on crain motif was lower than the other categories of lotus and cloud motifs. Second, in overall, the preference on Korean traditional motifs was higher than purchase intention. Third, the preference and purchase intention were affected mainly by 'Quality' image, a component of sensibility, followed by 'Cheerfulness' image, but not affected by 'Simplicity' and 'Modernity' image.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.159-165
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• 2004

Fuel cell makes electricity through chemical reaction. Bipolar-plate distribute hydrogen, oxidation using channel geometry condensation of water vapor inside channels of bipolar-plates lowers efficiency of fuel cell. Usually high pressured gas supply is used to solve the water condensation problem with serpentine type channel geometry. In this study, a new channel geometry shows feasible to minimize lowering efficiency due to water condensation through numerical and experimental analysis.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.18
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• pp.323-328
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• 1998

A current controlled VSI-PWM rectifier and inverter with capacitor dc link is regarded as one of the most promising structures for three-phase to three-phase to three-phase power conversion. This type of converter normally requires twelve switches for a rectifier and inverter composed of self turn-off switch such as a bi-polar transistor or IGBT with an anti-parallel diode. In this paper, a new three-phase to three-phase converter for ac motor drives is proposed. The proposed converter employs only eight switches and has the capability of delivering sinusoidal input currents with unity power factor and bidirectional power flow. This paper describes the feasibility and the operational limitations of the proposed structure. A mathematical model of the system is derived using generalized modulation theory and experimental results for steady state and dynamic behavior are presented to verify the developed model.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.6 s.53
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• pp.244-251
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• 2005

With the development of cognitive science and environmental psychology, there have been growing researches and discussions on the relationship between the residential design preferences and personality types. MBTI personality types have been earning popular credibility. MBTI means Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. It is based on Carl Jung's theory of psychological type. This study is based on Myers-Briggs theory to explain residential furnishing preference and explores the relationship between the four bi-polar personality types-Extroversion/Introversion, Sensing/Intuition, Thinking/Perceiving and residential furnishing preference. These tests were conducted to two hundred and twelve adult residents who live in Seoul, Korea. These tests were analyzed several significances by Chi-Square with SPSS for windows software. (E) Extroverted residents prefer layouts for interaction with guests. (I) Introverted residents prefer centripetal layout around the bed. (S) Sensing residents prefer practical and functional layouts. (N) Intuitive residents prefer personal and conceiving layouts. (T) Thinking residents prefer for attribute of space. (F) Feeling residents for familiar conversation. (J) Judging residents prefer systematic and complete layouts. (P) Perceiving residents prefer adaptable and flexible layouts. In conclusion, personality types can have a determining role in preference of residential furnishing layouts. This study suggests that residential designers should take into account clients' personality types prefer effective designing and should provide a variety of alternatives reflecting clients' preferences. This will promote clients' pleasantness and satisfaction in dwelling at home.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.153-157
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• 2009

A Highly efficient Mercury-free Flat Fluorescent Lamp (MFFL) with dielectric barrier Xe gas discharge was developed for an alternative of conventional line-type Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamps (CCFLs) which shows a wide voltage margin and a stable discharge operation for diffuse glow discharge with an application of a auxiliary electrode. Electro-optic characteristics of the MFFL were examined through the changes in ambient temperature, total pressure and Xe partial pressure. the single cell is expanded into a multi-structured configuration to realize a large sized lamp by a simple repetition of the single cells, and a new driving scheme is proposed for an adaptive brightness control using dual auxiliary electrodes and bi-polar drive scheme. In addition, interesting application of this ultra high luminance flat lamp by the optimization of the gas condition and the pattern of the rear phosphor layer is suggested as a good alternative of daylight lamp source

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.180-183
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• 2001

A corynespora leaf spot of pepper, which has not been reported previously in Korea, occurred severely at the major pepper cultivation area of Chinju, Gyeongnam province in 2001. Infection rate ranged from 48.2 to 84.7% in eight fields surveyed. The causal fungus was identified as Corynespora cassicola based on the following cultural and morphological characteristics. The fungi grew well on potato dextrose agar, showing gray to brown color with cultural age. Conidia formed solitary or catenary were obclavate to cylindrical in shape, and pale olivaceous brown or brown in color. They had 420 pseudoseptate and isthmus, and measured 42.7-197.6 x 9.3-$23.5\mu\textrm{m}$. Septate conidiophores were pale to light brown in color, and measured 116.5-836.0 x 4.2-$11.0\mu\textrm{m}$. Conidia germinated as a bi-polar type. Optimal temperature for mycelial growth and conidial germination was $30^{\circ}$ and 25-$30^{\circ}$, respectively. The fungus showed strong pathogenicity to pepper plant, and the symtoms on pepper by the artificial inoculation were similar to those observed in the field. This is the first report on the corynespora leaf spot on pepper (Capsium annuum) caused by Corynespora cassicola in Korea.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.12-18
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• 2024

A Electrostatic chuck is a device that fixes the substrate, using the force between charges applied between two parallel plates to attract substrates such as wafers or OLED panels. Unlike mechanical suction methods, which rely on physical fixation, this method utilizes the force of electrostatics for fixation, making it important to verify the adhesion force. As the size of the substrate increases, deformations due to gravity or chucking force also increase, and the adhesion force decreases rapidly as the distance between the chuck and the substrate increases. The outlook for displays is shifting from small to large OLEDs, necessitating consideration of substrate deformations. In this paper, to confirm the deformation of the substrate through various patterns, a simplified 2D model using Ansys' electromagnetic field analysis program, Maxwell, and the static structural analysis program, Mechanical, was utilized to observe changes in adhesion force according to the variation in the air gap between the substrate and the chuck. Additionally, the chucking force was analyzed for the size of the substrate, and the deformation of the substrate was confirmed when gravity and chucking force act simultaneously.