• KSBB Journal
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.255-260
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• 2003

현재는 재조합 Erythropoietin의 생물학적 활성을 mouse를 이용한 in vivo bioassay로 실시하고 있으나, 이 방법의 여러가서 불편함으로 인하여, 이를 대체하기 위해 Ba/F3 세포주를 이용한 in vitro assay 방법을 확립하였으나, 위에 상술한 바와 같이 in vitro assay는 erythropoietin의 당분포에 의한 차이를 보이지 않게 때문에, 이를 보완하기 위해서는 in vivo bio-activity와 정량적인 상관관계가 있는 당단백질의 isoform 분석법인 Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) 와 sialic acid 함량 결과를 동시에 분석해야 했다. 위의 결과 sialic acid 함량은 erythropoietin 원액에서 10 mol/mol,EPO 이상의 sialic acid 함량을 가져야 되며, CZE 결과는 재조합 erythropoietin이 isoform 분포가 isoform 3의 경우 5.594～0.593％, isoform 4의 경우 31.598～11.704％, isoform 5의 경우 37.033～29.301％, isoform 6의 경우 27.837～18.807％, isoform 7의 경우 17.085～7.824％, isoform 8의 경우 7.642～1.964％을 보여줌과 동시에 isoform 4의 면적은 isoform 5의 면적보다 항상 작아야한다. 이상 두 가지 시험결과와 in vitro assay 결과를 combine해서 in vivo assay를 대체할 수 있다는 좋은 실험적 data를 얻었으므로 이상 위의 3가지 분석법을 활용한 combined in vitro bioassay 법의 기초를 확립하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.170-179
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• 2000

The rh-BMP-4 is a subgroup of TGF-${\beta}$ superfamily. The application of rh-BMP in alveolar bony defect was reported to new alveolar bone and new cementum formation. For minimized complications following tooth replantation, a operator must replant a tooth fast at the pertinent position. This study was to evaluate the effect of rh-BMP-4 on periodontal regeneration and root resorption following tooth replantation in rats. The 50 Sprague-Dawley rats weighting about 130gm were used in this study. The animals were divided into three groups. Group 1 ; immediate replantation after extraction : Group 2 ; replantation stored teeth extraction of first molar, the removal of periodontal ligament with collagenase, and etching with citric acid : Group 3 ; replantation stored teeth with treated rh-BMP-4 in mesial root. Experimental animals were sacrificed 3, 7, 14 days after replantation by heart infusion. The maxillae were removed, fixed, demineralized, dehydrated, infiltrated and embedded with JB-4 mixture. For light microscopic observation, 5 micron sections were cut and stained with toluidine blue. The results of this study were as follows : 1. After experimental 3 days, all groups were observed dead space between periodontum and root. 2. After experimental 7 days, group 1 and group 3 were observed filling periodontal fibers between alveolar bone and root but group 2 were not. 3. After experimental 7 days, group 3 were observed appearance of attached cementoblast like cell on root surface. Group 1 were observed regular arrangement of fibroblasts and collagen fibers at ${\times}400$ observation. 4. After experimental 14 days, all group were observed filling periodontal fibers between alveolar bone and root. Group 1 were observed normal arrangement of periodontal fibers. Group 3 were observed less abnormal arrangement of periodontal fibers. Group 2 were not observed functional normal arrangement of periodontal fibers. 5. After experimental 14 days, group 2 and 3 were observed several root resorption and irregular root surface but group 1 were not. These results suggest that the rh-BMP-4 can stimulate cementogenesis and enhance to attach collagen fibers.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.295-306
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• 2018

Schisandra chinensis (SC) and Lycium chinense (LC) were widely distributed in Asia and the fruit has been used traditionally for medicinal herbs. The processing method was solid-state fermentation using Aspergillus oryzae for 48 h after stir-frying treatment at $220^{\circ}C$ for 12 min. In this study, in vitro the anti-inflammatory effect and in vivo hangover reduction were compared to unprocessed SC and LC water extract. Anti-inflammatory effects have been evaluated in pro-inflammatory mediators which were secreted by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Nitric oxide (NO) was determined using Griess reaction. Proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ and interleukin $(IL)-1{\beta}$ were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities were compared to processed SC or LC and mixtures thereof (1:1). In vivo study was compared to hangover relief in alcohol-fed mice. After administering a mixture of SC and LC (300 mg/kg) water extract (1:1), mice were fed 3 g/kg of ethanol. Serum was collected at 1, 3, and 5 h intervals to analyze ethanol and acetaldehyde levels using a colorimetric assay kit. The processed SC and LC water extracts compared to raw materials significantly inhibited LPS-induced NO and inflammatory cytokine production in RAW 264.7 cells. The results of the hangover mouse model are also consistent with anti-inflammatory effects. These results suggest that processed SC and LC extracts may be functional materials for the treatment of inflammation and hangover.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.229-237
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• 2019

More effective treatments are needed for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We hypothesized that water extracts of blackberry fruits (BF) and leaves (BL) and their combinations (BFL) reduce fat deposition in HepG2 cells and modulate shor-tchain fatty acids (SCFA) and fecal bacteria in vitro. HepG2 cells were treated with BF, BL, BFL1:2, and BFL1:3 for 1 h, and 0.5 mM palmitate was added to the cells. Moreover, low ($30{\mu}g/mL$) and high doses ($90{\mu}g/mL$) of BL and BF were applied to fecal bacteria in vitro, and SCFA was measured by GC. BL, BF, BFL1:2, and BFL1:3 reduced triglyceride deposition in the cells in a dose-dependent manner, and BFL1:2 and BFL1:3 had a stronger effect than BF. The content of malondialdehyde, an index of oxidative stress, was also reduced in BL, BF, and BFL1:2 with increasing superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities. The mRNA expression of acetyl CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c was reduced in BL, BF, BFL1:2, and BFL1:3 compared to the control, and BFL1:2 had the strongest effect. By contrast, the carnitine palmitolytransferase-1expression, a regulator of fatty acid oxidation, increased mostly in BFL1:2 and BFL1:3. Tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ and interleukin-$1{\beta}$ expression was reduced in BL compared to that in BF and BFL1:2 in HepG2 cells. Interestingly, BL increased propionate production, and BF increased butyrate and propionate production and increased total SCFA content in fecal incubation. BF increased the contents of Bifidobacteriales and Lactobacillales and decreased those of Clostridiales, whereas BL elevated the contents of Bacteroidales and decreased those of Enterobacteriales. In conclusion, BFL1:2 and BFL1:3 may be potential therapeutic candidates for NAFLD.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2021

Phenylethanol (PhE)에서 야기되는 피부 부작용 문제를 극복하기 위한 대안으로 phenylethanol galactoside (PhE-gal)에 대하여 연구하였다. 그 중에서도 대장균 효소 β-galalactosidase(β-gal)을 이용하여 PhE로부터 PhE-gal를 합성하는 반응의 최적 조건에 대하여 조사하였다. 그리고, 용매 분획연구를 수행하여 PhE-gal의 특성도 조사하였다. 반응조건 중에서 반응액의 β-gal 농도, PhE 농도, 반응액의 pH, 그리고 온도에 대하여 조사한 결과, 최적 β-gal의 농도는 0.45 U/ml, 최적 반응물 PhE의 농도는 1.0%, 최적 반응액의 pH는 8.0, 최적 반응온도는 40℃ 였다. 그리고, 최적 반응조건에서 48 시간까지의 반응을 관찰하였는데, 약 81.9 mM의 PhE로부터 약 47.4 mM의 PhE-gal이 합성되었고, PhE로부터 PhE-gal로의 전환수율은 약 57.9% 정도였다. 또한, PhE와 PhE-gal이 포함된 반응물을 용매 EA와 MC로 분획한 결과, 물 층으로 대부분의 PhE-gal이 분획 되었고, 용매 층으로는 PhE가 분획 되었다. 그러나, 물 층으로의 PhE-gal의 분획이 용매 MC를 사용할 때, 더 분명하고 명확하게 나타났으며, 용매 EA를 이용한 분획에서는 명확히 물 층으로 PhE-gal이 분획 되지 않았다. 앞으로, PhE-gal을 화장품에 사용할 수 있는 첨가물(방부제)로 개발하기 위한 후속연구를 계속 진행할 예정이다.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2003년도 춘계학술발표강연 및 논문개요집
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• pp.81-81
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• 2003

The stochiometric mixture of evaporating materials for the CuGaSe$_2$ single crystal thin films were prepared from horizontal furnace. Using extrapolation method of X-ray diffraction patterns for the polycrystal CuGaSe$_2$, it was found tetragonal structure whose lattice constant no and co were 5.615$\AA$ and 11.025$\AA$, respectively. To obtains the single crystal thin films, CuGaSe$_2$ mixed crystal was deposited on throughly etched GaAs(100) by the Hot Wall Epitaxy(HWE) system. The source and substrate temperature were 61$0^{\circ}C$ and 45$0^{\circ}C$ respectively, and the growth rate of the single crystal thin films was about 0.5${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$/h. The crystalline structure of single crystal thin films was investigated by the double crystal X-ray diffraction(DCXD). Hall effect on this sample was measured by the method of van der pauw and studied on carrier density and mobility depending on temperature. From Hall data, the mobility was likely to be decreased by pizoelectric scattering in the temperature range 30K to 150K and by polar optical scattering in the temperature range 150K to 293K. The optical energy gaps were found to be 1.68eV for CuGaSe$_2$ single crystal thin films at room temperature. The temperature dependence of the photocurrent peak energy is well explained by the Varshni equation then the constants in the Varshni equation are given by a=9.615$\times$ 10$^{-4}$ eV/K, and $\beta$=335K. From the photocurrent spectra by illumination of polarized light of the CuGaSe$_2$ single crystal thin films. We have found that values of spin orbit coupling ΔSo and crystal field splitting ΔCr was 0.0900eV and 0.2498eV, respectively. From the PL spectra at 20K, the peaks corresponding to free bound excitons and D-A pair and a broad emission band due to SA is identified. The binding energy of the free excitons are determined to be 0.0626eV and the dissipation energy of the acceptor-bound exciton and donor-bound exciton to be 0.0352eV, 0.0932eV, respectively.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.869-878
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• 2023

Objective: Hyperketonemia remains a major metabolic issue of serious milk production and a major health concern in early lactation cows. Oral supplementation of glucose precursors (GP) can be used to prevent hyperketonemia in dairy cows. The objective of this study was to compare the beneficial effects of orally supplementing a mixture of GP on metabolic health indicators and milk production status of primiparous (PP) and multiparous (MP) dairy cows. Methods: Twenty-eight Holstein cows were blocked by expected date of parturition, previous lactation yield, and parity. The cows were randomly allocated to one of the four treatment groups (n = 7 cows/group) based on their parity and GP supplementation: i) PP cows fed basal diet only (PP-CON), ii) PP cows with oral supplementation of GP (PP-GP), iii) MP cows fed basal diet only (MP-CON), and iv) MP cows with oral supplementation of GP (MP-GP). Glucose precursor (glycoline liquid) was orally drenched (300 mL/d) in GP cows from 7 days prepartum through 7 days postpartum. Other than GP supplementation, all cows were fed similar pre- and postpartum basal diets. Results: In both pre- and postpartum periods, serum glucose concentration was increased, whereas β-hydroxybutyrate and free fatty acids were decreased in GP cows compared with the CON cows. Milk yield and milk components were statistically not different between GP and CON cows over the first 9 week of lactation. The yield of actual milk, energy-corrected milk, 63-days cumulative milk, colostrum yield, and calf birth weight remained higher in MP cows compared with PP cows. Conclusion: Oral drenching of GP around calving can be recommended to successfully improve the metabolic health and reduce the negative effects of hyperketonemia not only in MP but also in PP dairy cows.

• 분석과학
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.326-335
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• 2009

계란 중에 잔류하는 6 종의 글루코코티코이드 약물을 극미량으로 분석하는 방법이 개발되었다. 동시분석을 위한 시료 추출방법과 정제방법을 확립하였으며 액체 크로마토그래프와 질량분석기의 최적화 조건을 확립하였으며, 글루코코티코이드를 분석하기 위해서는 5 g의 계란에 초산 완충용액을 사용하여 시료의 pH를 5.2로 조절한 후 효소 가수분해를 위해 Helilx pomatia를 사용하였다. 혼합물을 원심분리하여 20 mL n-헥산으로 두 번 추출하였다. 다시 HLB 카트리지에서 메탄올에 의한 추출이 이루어진 후 연속해서 실리카 카트리지에서 메탄올/에틸아세테이트를 사용하여 정제하였다. 분석물질은 역상 HPLC/ESI-MS/MS로 분석하였으며 ESI는 음이온 모드를 사용하였다. 검정곡선의 상관계수는 0.99 이상을 나타내었고 검출한계는 $0.09-0.17{\mu}g/kg$ 이었으며 회수율은 55.7-69.8%이었다. 바탕 계란 중에서 실험된 유효성 검증방법에 근거하여 확립된 분석법은 계란 중 글루코코티코이드를 수 ${\mu}g/kg$ 농도까지 검출하는데 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2024

산딸기, 치자, 유백피의 혼합물인 복합 천연물 LS-RUG-com이 위염, 위궤양, 식도성 역류염 및 Helicobacter를 억제함을 확인한 바, LS-RUG-com을 건강기능식품 개별인정형 소재로 개발하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 소재 개발을 위한 LS-RUG-com 분석방법을 확립하고자 하였으며, 산딸기, 치자 및 유백피의 지표물질을 HPLC/UV system을 이용하여 분석방법을 최적화하였다. 본 연구에서는 분석법 validation을 입증하기 위하여 특이성(specificity), 정확성(accuracy), 정밀성(precision), 검출한계 및 정량한계(detection & quantitation limit) 및 직선성(linearity)을 평가하였으며, 그 결과 본 연구의 HPLC/UV 동시 분석법이 산딸기, 치자 분석에 적합하며, 신뢰성이 있음을 증명하였다. 또한 유백피의 HPLC/UV 단독 분석법이 적합하며 신뢰성이 있음을 증명하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.750-759
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• 2010

지리산 청정지역에서 재배되고 있는 참당귀의 생리활성 물질과 효능을 이용한 건강 기능성 식품 또는 화장품 소재 개발을 위한 기초연구의 일환으로 참당귀의 잎, 줄기 혼합물 및 뿌리의 추출방법에 따른 phenolic compounds, flavonoids, minerals, decursin 및 decursinol angelate 등의 생리활성 물질 분석과 항산화 활성 및 환원력을 측정하였다. 당귀 뿌리의 온수 추출물 수율은 21.89%로 가장 높았다. 페놀성 화합물 및 플라보노이드 함량은 참당귀 잎, 줄기 혼합물의 에탄올 추출물에서 가장 높은 함량을 보였고, 참당귀 뿌리 보다는 잎, 줄기 혼합물에서 높았고, 수용성 추출물보다 에탄올 추출물에서 높았다. 미네랄함량은 참당귀 잎, 줄기 혼합물 및 뿌리 모두에서 K, Mg, Fe, Na, Ca, Mn, Zn 순으로 함유되어 있었다. HPLC 분석에 의한 참당귀 잎, 줄기, 뿌리의 decursin 및 decursinol angelate의 혼합 면적 비율은 각각 66.1%, 82.2%, 79.8%로 나타났으며, decursin은 13.0%, 37.6%, 47.1%로 뿌리에서 가장 높았고 decursinol angelate는 53.2%, 44.6%, 32.6%로서 잎에서 가장 높았다. Free radical scavenging 항산화활성은 참당귀 잎, 줄기 혼합물 및 뿌리 각각의 열수 추출물에서 가장 높았으며, 뿌리보다는 잎, 줄기 혼합물의 모든 추출물에서 항산화 활성이 높았다. Fe 및 Cu 환원력은 참당귀 잎, 줄기 혼합물 및 뿌리의 온수, 열수 및 에탄올 추출물 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 참당귀 잎, 줄기 혼합물의 추출물이 뿌리 추출물 보다 높은 활성을 보였는데 이는 페놀성 화합물이나 플라보노이드 함량과 밀접한 관계를 보였다. Tyrosinase 저해 활성은 참당귀 잎, 줄기 혼합물 및 뿌리의 열수 추출물에서 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 실험 결과 참당귀에탄올 추출물에서는 페놀성 화합물과 플라보노이드 함량 및 환원력이 높았으며, 열수 추출물에서는 항산화 효과가 높아 참당귀 유래의 생리활성물질과 그 활성을 이용한 제품 개발에 필요한 기초 자료를 제공해주는데 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.