• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.26-35
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to set the strategy that clinical nurses can efficiently cope with the stress from bereavement care, by examining and analyzing stress factors and coping methods of nurses' bereavement care. Methods: A total of 628 nurses were recruited from four university hospitals, two cancer specialized hospitals, and three public hospitals. Stress was measured using the bereavement care stress measurement tool, and coping was done using the cope with stress scale. Results: The stress level about bereavement care of the nurses working in the cancer unit was significantly higher than the level of the nurses working in the general unit. However, there was no difference of coping level between nurses working in cancer unit and general unit. Conclusions: It is important to ensure the methods that contrive to perform bereavement care efficiently by generating hospice nurses and by activating the system for nurses specialist who perform bereavement care.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.286-295
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review studies investigating the effect of bereavement care provided for parents in the neonatal intensive care unit. Methods: We conducted a literature review of databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL) for studies published in English and four databases (RISS, KISS, NANET, and KoreaMed) for Korean studies. The selection criteria included original articles that evaluated the parents' perceptions or responses to bereavement care provided in the neonatal intensive care unit. Of 889 articles from the initial screening, 66 articles underwent full-text review and five articles were finally selected for analysis. Results: None of the studies was conducted in Korea. Only one study used a randomized control trial design. The forms of bereavement care reviewed included a provision of a memory package, grief information, and emotional and/or social support from peers or health care providers. The effectiveness of bereavement care was measured by including grief, social support, and depression. Conclusion: Bereavement care can be considered to be beneficial for relieving grief reactions and enhancing the personal growth of bereaved parents. Future research should assess the needs of bereaved parents in Korea. Nurses may play a role in developing the bereavement care for parents.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.258-266
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status and the perception of hospice and palliative care program coordinators regarding the use of music in bereavement care in Korea. Both on-line and off-line questionnaires were distributed to program coordinators in 91 institutions, and 54 responses were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U test. Even though 92.6% of the participants currently provide a form of bereavement care and 51.9% utilize music as a part of their bereavement program, only 20.3% indicated that their bereavement programs were adequate to address the issues involved, suggesting a need for improvement. As the perceived necessity of bereavement care(4.52) and music therapy based bereavement care(4.20) were generally high, this study supports the need for further development of both forms of bereavement care in Korea.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.197-209
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Korean Bereavement Care Confidence Scale (K-BCCS). Methods: The Perinatal Bereavement Care Confidence Scale (PBCCS) was translated into Korean according to an algorithm of cultural adaptation process and excluded six items which were specific to perinatal bereavement. A total of 229 clinical nurses participated in the study. Construct validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and group comparison validity were evaluated, and Cronbach's α was calculated to estimate the reliability of the K-BCCS. Results: The K-BCCS consisted of 31 items in 7 factors, including knowledge and skills for bereavement care (12 items), organizational support (6 items), awareness of the needs (3 items), interpersonal skills (3 items), workload influence (2 items), continuous education (2 items), and understanding the grief process (3 items). The factor loading of 31 items within the 7 factors ranged from .60 to .86. For the convergent validity, the construct reliability (CR) ranged from .74 to .94, and the average variance extracted (AVE) ranged from .49 to .73, which is considered acceptable. The discriminant validity showed that the AVEs of the subscales were greater than the square of the correlation coefficient r. The nurses who had experience providing bereavement care (t=4.94, p<.001) or had received bereavement education (t=6.64, p<.001) showed higher K-BCCS values those without experience. The Cronbach's α of 31 items was .93 and ranged from .60 to .94 per subscale. Conclusion: The K-BCCS is a valid and reliable tool for evaluating nurses' confidence in bereavement care.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.18-26
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• 1995

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.120-127
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• 2007

Bereavement is the state of loss resulting from death. Grief is the emotional response associated with loss, intense and acute sorrow resulting from loss. Complicated grief represent a pathological outcome involving social, physical, emotional, cognitive, spiritual morbidity. The common psychiatric disorders associated complicated grief or abnormal grief responses include clinical depression, anxiety disorders, alcohol abuse or other substance abuse, and dependence, psychotic disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Grief tasks involve a series of stage or phases following an important loss that gradually permit adjustment and recovery. Three phases of grief involve phase 1 (walking the edges), phase 2 (entering the depths), and phase 3 (reconnecting the world). For intervention to be effective they need to be individually tailored to abnormal grief reaction or unresolved grief reaction. Clear understandings of complicated grief, abnormal responses, factors increasing risk after bereavement will often enable us to prevent psychiatric disorders in bereaved patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate variables and construct paths that affect complicated grief. Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional, descriptive study were 164 bereaved spouses of cancer patients at least 12 months before the death. Data were collected from October 2016 to February 2017 using self-report structured questionnaires and were analyzed using IBM SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 20.0. Results: The variables affecting complicated grief of bereaved spouses of cancer patients were the quality of end-of-life care (${\gamma}=.15$, p<.001), preparedness for death (${\beta}=-.06$, p=.005), and coping with bereavement (${\beta}=-.24$, p<.001), whereas the quality of death and dying did not show any effects. Preparedness for death had multiple mediating effects in the relationship between the quality of end-of-life care and complicated grief (z=-2.20, p=.028), and in the relationship between the quality of end-of-life care and coping with bereavement (z=2.11, p=.035). Coping with bereavement had a mediating effect on the relationship between preparedness for death and complicated grief (z=-2.39, p=.017). Conclusion: This study revealed that preparedness for death and coping with bereavement play a prominent role in complicated grief. Therefore, it is important to help in preparing for death and enhancing coping with bereavement of spouses providing end-of-life care to cancer patients. In addition, investigating cultural differences in the relationship between the quality of end-of-life care and complicated grief is recommended.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.126-135
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• 2000

Purpose : To evaluate the present status of bereavement care in Korean hospice service as a basic database for the effective bereavement care. Method : The data were collected two sets from September to October, 1999 and from November to December, 2000, 55 hospice institutions identified by the Hospice Education Institution, College of Nursing, Catholic University were contacted for a telephone survey. The researchers conducted telephone interviews with hospice administrators for 10 to 30 minutes. Result : 1) Among the 55 Korean Hospice institutions, 38 institutions(69.1%) provided bereavement services. 2) The contents of bereavement services consisted of telephone call 28 institutions(74.5%), bereaved family meeting 26 institutions(69.4%), home visiting 22 institutions(57.9%), mail 16 institutions(42.1%), personal counselling 7 institutions(18.4%). 3) The 26 hospice institutions(68.4%) which provided meetings for bereaved families met with the following frequency : Annually is 11 institutions(42.3%), biannually 6 institutions(23.1%), monthly 6 institutions(23.1%) and bimonthly 3 institutions(11.5%). 4) Only 4 hospice institutions(10.5%) used the assessment tool to screen for high risk of bereaved. 5) The major difficulties of current bereavement services were low attendance for the bereaved family meeting, shortage of professional managers and volunteers, limited accessibility to hospice institutions, little social awareness for the bereaved, and financial difficulties. 6) The hospice administrators expressed the need for the development of bereavement program, the education program for the bereavement services, trained professionals, the sufficient provision of human resource and financial support for more effective bereavement services. Conclusion : Although many hospice institutions(69.1%) provided bereavement services, they generally lacked capable bereavement professionals and various individualized bereavement services. In conclusion, it is required to develop the specified bereavement program and the training program for the staff and volunteers, so as to provide customized bereavement services based on individual needs. Further research will be necessary to evaluate the effects of customized bereavement services in Korea before applying to practice.

• 한국호스피스완화의료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.73-75
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• 2002

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.80-87
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• 2009

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to identify the types of widow's bereavement experience and understand the nature of it's bereavement by using Q-methodological approach. Methods: Contents Q sample included 46 statements obtained from literatures and interviews with 5 widows. P sample consisted of 13 widows who bereaved within 2 years. The data were collected from October 2004 to December 2006 and analyzed using Quanal program. Results: Two types of widow's experience were found. Type 1 was characterized by loss suffering, and type 2 was characterized by acceptance and adaptation Conclusion: Widows were found to experience different types of bereavement. Therefore, bereavement care team should assess the types of suffering pain and provide appropriate care to the widows. Also, need to be developed programs to relieve or prevent suffering of bereavement.