• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.8 no.6
• /
• pp.623-626
• /
• 1998

Conditions for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from stem tissues of Euphorbia pulcherrima were esta-blished. Explants from leaf, petiole, stem were examined for their embryogenesis on MS solid medium supplemented with plant growth hormones in combination at various concentrations. From leaf or petiole explants, callus was indu-ced well but never proceeded to the embryonic stage in our expermental conditions. From stem explants, however, multiple shoots following callus induction emerged in about 6 to 8 weeks on MS agar medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/L of benzyladenine. Upon transfer, roots were developed on hormone-free MS solid medium.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.145-150
• /
• 1989

Mature zygotic embryos dissected from ginseng(Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) seeds were cultured on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium containing various concentrations of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid(2, 4-D) and kinetin. Somatic embryos were induced directly from cotyledonary tissue or from intervening callus. The induction frequency of somatic embryos was up to 55%. Upon transfer to half-strength MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/1 6-benzyladenine(BA) and 1 mg/1 GA3, most somatic embryos developed into plantlets. Over 50% of the plantlets flowered after 4 weeks of culture and then a few bore immature fruits in vitro. Therefore, it is suggested that the juvenility of the ginseng tissue which give rise to somatic embryos does not interfere with in vitro flowering of their regenerated plantlets.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.255-264
• /
• 1989

Ginseng zygotic embryos, seedlings, and exised cotyledonary nodes were cultured on Murashinge and Skoog's(MS) medium, supplemented with 6-benzyladenine(BA) and gibberellic acid(GA3) to induce flower buds. As the concenteration of nitrogen compounds in MS medium was reduced to half of its strength, the flowering frequency of zygotic embryos increased up to 90%. The optimum concentration of sucrose in the medium for flowering of seedlings was 30-60 g/1. In all cases flower buds were formed on elongated axillary branches from the cotyledonary nodes, while the apices remained vegetative. When zygotic embryos and excised cotyledonary nodes were cultured on the medium, supplemented with all possible combinations of BA, GA3, and abscisic acid(ABA) of 5 $\mu$M indole-3-acetic acid(IAA) in the above combinations did not affect flowering. These results suggest that cytokinins, gibberellins, and inhibitors play primary, permissive, and preventive roles, respectively, in the induction of flowering of ginseng.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.161-165
• /
• 2003

The effect of NAA and Benzyladenine(BA) for determination times on the formation of adventitious shoots, roots trichmoes and calli in MS basal medium was investigated in leaf segments from ecotype 'Nosses' of Arabidopsis thalliana. Adventitious shoots, roots, trichomes and calli were formed fromed from leaf segments in a wede range of NAA and BA. The optimal combination of hormones for adventitious shoots formation, 20mg/L NAA for trichome formation, 100mg/L for callus formation. Inductive times for formation of adventitious shoots, roots, trichomes and calli were determined at 14, 4, 6 and 18 days respectively by periodical transfer of leaf segments from hormines containing media to hormone free medium.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.223-227
• /
• 2015

Embryogenic callus (EC) was created from mature embryos of Larix kaempferi. With the mature embryos, keeping the culture in dark conditions throughout the experiment (38.2%) seemed to give better results than exposing them to 16 h light ($25{\mu}Em^{-2}s^{-1}$) for the first week (21.9%). EC was obtained most frequently from Quoirin and Lepoivre (LP) mediums with 1.0 mg/L 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (Picloram), plus 1.0 mg/L benzyladenine (BA) (62.8%) or Litvay's medium (LM) containing 1.0 mg/L p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (pCPA) plus 1.0 mg/L BA (62.8%) treatment. In both cases, best results were obtained when zygotic embryos were cultured in darkness. As for the effective sucrose concentration on initiation of EC, 29.2 mM sucrose (38.6%) gave the best results.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.181-188
• /
• 2004

Zingiber officinale buds from the rhizomes were used to produce in vitro shoots. These explants produced the largest number of multiple shoots, 9.8 shoots per explant, when were cultured on MS (Murashige and Skoog 1962) medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L benzyladenine (BA) and 2.0 mg/L indole butyric acid (IBA). This medium was also found to be suitable for in vitro propagation of other Zingiberaceae species: Alpinia conchigera, Alpinia galanga, Curcuma domestica, C. zedoaria and Kaempferia galanga. Both C. domestica and C. zedoaria produced more multiple shoots when were cultured in the liquid proliferation medium, MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L BA and 2.0 mg/L IBA. To maintain the in vitro plantlets of Zingiberaceae species, they were required to subculture every four weeks. After executing proper acclimatization protocol, in vitro plantlets of Alpinia galanga, A. conchigera, Curcuma domestica, C. zedoaria, Kaempferia galanga and Zingiber officinale could be successfully planted in the field with high percentage of survival.

• Plant Resources
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.286-292
• /
• 2005

Shoot induction system was developed in the recalcitrant plant species, Brassica rapa ssp. rapifera by using optimum selection of profit organ, phytohormone combination, seedling age and kind of culture container. Out of in vitro cultured leaf segment, petiole, hypocotyl, and cotyledon with petiole, only cotyledon with petiole derived from 4 day-old seedlings induced multiple shoot. The optimum combination of auxin and cytokinin for the multiple shoot induction was MS medium containing 5mg/L BA and 0.5mg/L NAA. The major factors for multiple shoot propagation were part of plant organ, age of seedling, and ratio of auxin and cytokinin. In addition, shoot regeneration was promoted in the 100ml Erlenmeyer flask compared with the $90mm{\times}20mm$ Petri-dish. The induced shoots formed roots easy on MS medium containing 0.1mg/L IBA and the whole plants were successfully cultivated in soil.

• Plant Resources
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.222-225
• /
• 2004

In Japan, propagation of cyclamen is mainly from seedlings. However, seeds are expensive and germination is slow and non..uniform. Therefore, to achieve genetically uniform propagation, multiplication must be vegetative. The rooted tuberous stems without shoots as sources of explants were cultured on the media containing BA and sucrose. After 30 days cultivation, tuberous roots were produced from the root ends attached to a tuberous stem and its capability was dependent on the type of media. The highest percentage of tuberous root formation was observed in Culture on the medium of 1/3 MS containing 0.05mgL$^{-1}$ NAA, 0.5mg L$^{-1}$ BA and 5% sucrose. Growth rates of the tuberous roots were greatly influenced by the cutting positions of a root in explants. The highest growth of was observed if small amount of root end was cut at initiation of tissue culture.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.33-37
• /
• 2014

Lychnis wilfordii (Regel) Maxim is a rare and valued ornamental plant. Germination rate reached 46.6% when seeds were treated with $100mg{\cdot}l^{-1}$ GA (Gibberellic acid). The highest callus induction was observed in the leaf explants of the seedlings on MS medium containing specific concentrations of $0.5mg{\cdot}l^{-1}$ BA ($N^6$-benzyladenine) and $3.0mg{\cdot}l^{-1}$ NAA (a-naphthalene acetic acid). The adventitious shoot was formed in 97.3% of calli on 1/2 WPM (Woody Plant Medium) medium. Shoot elongation of in vitro propagated plantlets was no difference among various medium. The plantlets grew well after transferring to the pot. This in vitro propagation protocol should be useful for conservation of this endangered plant.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.247-253
• /
• 1989

Protoplasts were enzymatically isolated from suspension culture of sweet potato. High yields of single protoplasts were produced from nonembryogenic cell aggregates. However, most protoplasts obtained from embryogenic cell clumps were spontaneously fused during enzyme treatment; a small portion of them remained single. Upon transfer to Murashige and Skoog's(MS) liquid medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/1 6-benzyladenine(BA) and 1 mg/12,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid(2,4-D), protoplasts from nonembryogenic cell aggregates sustained cell divisions to form cellus. Upon subculture onto MS media with 0.2 mg/12,4-D or without growth regulators, the callus did not give rise to any organs. On the other hand, first cell division of single protoplasts from embryogenic cell clumps was sporadically observed.