• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.368-378
• /
• 2005

Inorganic matters originated from stone quarries and manufacturing plants could alter the ecological characteristics of adjacent aquatic systems, especially the structure and function of benthic macroinvertebrate community. In such situation, the locality of stone quarry and the quantity of inorganic matters would be important factors that determined the disturbing strength to the benthic macroinvertebrate community. Locality patterns of stone quarries were classified into 3 types in relation to the stream ecosystem; stream-proximity, upstream-inclusion and tributary-inclusion type. In the result of species:abundance analysis, stone quarry B (upstream-inclusion type) showed geometric distribution, while others showed broken-stick distribution pattern. The benthic macroinvertebrate communities closer to stone quarries showed smaller species numbers and standing crops among all types of stone quarries. However the values of species evenness index were not seriously different between controls and directly affected sites. These results indicated that the effect of inorganic disturbance would differ from those of organic pollution that induced the highly dominant state occupied by tolerant species. Number of occurred species, standing crops, community indices and biotic indices indicated that the community of upstream-inclusion type was the most seriously damaged from the inorganic disturbance, and the community would be very simple and unstable. Tributary-inclusion stone quarry heavily damaged to tributary system in biologically, but influence to the main stream seemed to be depended on the scale of main stream. Among 3 types of stone quarry localities, stream-proximity type induced the least damages to benthic macroinvertebrate community, though the degrees of damage were different along with distances between stream and stone quarry.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.197-206
• /
• 2009

Benthic macroinvertebrate communities were collected from six different sites in the Dobong Stream in Seoul, Korea to investigate spatial and temporal changes in benthic macroinvertebrate communities in response to natural disturbances such as floods and droughts. We collected samples monthly or semimonthly with a Surber net ($30cm{\times}30cm$), and measured environmental factors, including stream temperature, discharge, width, conductivity, dissolved oxygen and pH at each sampling site. Benthic macro invertebrates were strongly affected by floods as well as droughts. In addition, benthic macroinvertebrate communities displayed different responses to the onset of the rainy season in summer 2006 and 2007, apparently due to differences in the intensity and amount of precipitation. Chironomids were particularly sensitive to heavy rain. Floods and droughts also affected the proportions of functional feeding groups during the survey period: the proportion of scrapers was high right after heavy rains, while the proportion of predators tended to increase in intermittent-type streams as the riffle zone decreased. Finally, although species richness and abundance were strongly influenced by heavy rain, they recovered to background levels for within one month, and varied consistently among stream types, indicating habitat stability.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.33-47
• /
• 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of eco-friendly restoration in forested bog on the structure of benthic macroinvertebrate community. The benthic macroinvertebrates collected from the surveyed sites were composed of 1,071 individuals, 60 species, 40 families, 13 orders, 6 classes and 5 phyla. At the control and Site 3(small dam), the number of species and individuals were larger than that of other sites, and EPT group ratio was same as well. Considered by index, the dominance index (DI) was found the highest at the biotope area. The diversity index (H') and richness index (RI) were the highest at the control and Site 3. In addition, the ecological score of benthic macroinvertebrate (ESB) showed the highest at site 3, while the lowest at biotope area. The stability and recovery of benthic macrointebrates showed different according to restoration types at forested bog. After restoration project, the benthic macroinvertebrates were observed to get recovery at Site 3, and to have the highest communities stability at control and Site 3. At biotope areas (Site 4, Site 5 and Site 6) communities stability were the lowest, but showed different community stability values according to the presence of water. It is confirmed that the eco-friendly restoration projects indeed provided the better environment for the inhabitation of benthic macroinvertebrate community. The change of community index depending on the restoration projects suggests that the eco-friendly restoration can provide a more suitable environment for benthic macroinvertebrate ecosystem that prefers the stream environment.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제34권6호
• /
• pp.602-620
• /
• 2018

Korean benthic macroinvertebrate community from 959 sites and 14 environmental factors that could affect the biological distribution were surveyed and analyzed. The 438 taxa were divided into six groups according to TWINSPAN. Based on the environmental factor values corresponding to each taxon, the average and range of environmental factors for each biological group tended to increase or decrease in eight environmental factors (altitude, slope, current velocity, fraction of fine particles in substrates, turbidity, $BOD_5$, T-N and T-P). As a result of discriminant analysis (hit ratio: 69.6 %), environmental factors that significantly influence the distribution of each biological group were $BOD_5$, altitude, catchment area, T-N, T-P and fraction of fine particles in substrates. The discriminant functions 1 and 2 classified the existing six biological groups (clustered by TWINSPAN) into five (group 1: highland highly sensitive group; group 2: lowland sensitive group, group; 3 and 4: lowland slightly tolerant group; group 5: lowland tolerant group; group 6: lowland highly tolerant group). Most of the benthic macroinvertebrates were identified in the species level. However, a few others were identified in genus or family level, too. Even the organisms belonging to the same genus or family may prefer different environmental factors in the species level, the identification of characteristic of the habitat environment preferred by organism and species level identification of these organisms are utmost. The results of this study may be used as basic information on environmental factors which can be considered in preservation and restoration research for biodiversity.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.304-314
• /
• 2013

일반적으로 둠벙은 논 생태계 내 생물다양성 증진에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있지만, 농업생산성 증대를 위한 경지정리, 배수개선사업 등 농업환경 개선사업에 의하여 급격히 감소되었다. 근래에 들어 사회적으로 친환경농업의 활성화와 생물다양성에 대한 관심의 증대로 인하여, 논 생태계내에 둠벙을 새롭게 복원하려고 하는 노력들이 시도되고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 둠벙의 저서성 대형무척추동물군집 특성을 규명하고, 둠벙의 특성 및 입지조건과 저서성 대형무척추동물 군집의 관계를 분석하여 둠벙 복원의 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 2010년부터 2012년까지 여덟 개 지역에서 15개의 둠벙을 대상으로 저서성 대형무척추동물에 대한 조사를 실시하였다. 조사결과 둠벙에서는 총 131종의 저서성 대형무척추동물이 서식하는 것으로 확인되어, 둠벙이 농업생태계 내 생물다양성의 유지 및 보전에 중요한 기능을 하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 저서성 대형무척추동물의 군집조성과 둠벙의 환경적 특성 및 입지조건의 분석에서는 입지적 특성이 둠벙의 저서성 대형무척추동물 군집조성에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 요인으로 확인되었다. 특히 둠벙 둑의 형태 및 둠벙 조성 후 경과시간도 군집조성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 둠벙의 입지적 특성과 함께 둠벙 복원시 고려되어야 할 사항으로 판단된다.

• 환경생물
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.203-213
• /
• 2008

Benthic macro invertebrate communities were collected at six different sampling sites in the Musucheon stream in Korea from July 2006 to July 2007, and ecological exergy values were calculated based on five different functional feeding groups (collector-gatherer, collector-filterer, predator, scrapper, and shredder) of benthic macro invertebrates. Each sampling site was categorized to three stream types (perennial, intermittent and drought) based on the water flow condition. Exergy values were low at all study sites right after a heavy rain and relatively higher in the perennial stream type than in the intermittent or the drought stream type. Self-Organizing Map (SOM), unsupervised artificial neural network, was implemented to pattern spatial and temporal dynamics of ecological exergy of the study sites. SOM classified samples into four clusters. The classification reflected the effects of floods and droughts on benthic macroinvertebrate communities, and was mainly related with the stream types of the sampling sites. Exergy values of each functional feeding group also responded differently according to the different stream types. Finally, the results showed that exergy is an effective ecological indicator, and patterning changes of exergy using SOM is an effective way to evaluate target ecosystems.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제101권4호
• /
• pp.686-694
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 산지 황폐계류에 시공한 사방공작물이 저서성 대형무척추동물상에 미치는 영향을 밝히기 위하여 수행하였다. 2007년 4월부터 2008년 10월까지 총 6회에 걸쳐 사방공작물이 설치되지 않은 계곡 상류지역의 대조지점(Site 1)과 사방공작물이 시공된 2개의 지점(Site 2, Site 3)을 대상으로 저서성 대형무척추동물상의 변화와 생물학적 수질 변화를 조사하였다. 저서성 대형무척추동물상은 조사결과 4문 6강 13목 24과 27종 6,922개체가 조사되었으며, 조사지점 평균값으로 볼 때 단각목의 보통옆새우가 우점종으로 나타났다. 다양도지수는 Site 2의 4차 조사에서 1.47로 가장 높았으며, Site 2의 6차 조사에서 0.24로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 균등도지수는 Site 2의 4차 조사에서 0.823으로 가장 높게 나타났고, Site 1의 5차 조사에서 0.194로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 풍부도지수는 Site 1의 1차 조사에서 2.794로 가장 높게 나타났고 Site 2의 6차 조사에서 0.291로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 저서성 대형무척추동물 생태점수 (ESB)는 조사기간동안 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 섭식기능군은 SH(Sherdder)가 조사기간동안 가장 많은 개체수로 조사되었으며, EPT분류군 개체수가 낮아지는 경향을 보였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.129-144
• /
• 2012

This study was conducted to understand the community characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrates according to Growth Environment at 6 Palustrine Wetlands in a rural area. As growth environment factors, size, water depth, water inlet and water outlet, land-use and water environment was analyzed. Two years' quantitative collection of benthic macroinvertebrate was carried out, and it executed community analysis and ESB index calculation and also carried out twinspan, MDS and correlation analysis. As a result, the collected benthic macroinvertebrate was 1254 individuals with 3 Phylums, 6 Classes, 14 Orders, 35 Families, 52 Genera and 61 Species. Odonata and Coenagreionidae had the highest species and individuals. Dominance Index was 0.252~0.698, Diversity Index was 1.661~2.902, Evenness Index was 0.414~0.724, and Species Richness Index was 1.990~6.224. As a result of community analysis, when correlation analysis was executed, Dominance Index had the opposite tendency with Diversity Index and Evenness Index, which had the same tendency with the previous studies. When ESB Index was calculated, Grade 2 (polluted) had the highest species with 48 species (78.7%). It is determined from the Environmental quality evaluation and saprobity evaluation result according to ESB index that there is a need to revise environmental evaluation system more specifically. As a result of MDS analysis, the subject spots A and D had the highest similarity, and the subject spot E and D had a relatively high similarity. The life environment that is the closest related with species diversity is estimated by the land-use. As for number of Individual, it seems to have the closest relation with inlet, which is to be determined as a characteristics of Palustrine Wetland. Through such investigation, this study is expected to be utilized for various types of habitats including ecological pond and to be utilized for the increase of species diversity in rural areas.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.233-241
• /
• 2008

Functional feeding groups (FFGs) of benthic macroinvertebrates are guilds of invertebrate taxa that obtain food in similar ways, regardless of their taxonomic affinities. They can represent a heterogeneous assemblage of benthic fauna and may indicate disturbances of their habitats. The proportion of different groups can change in response to disturbances that affect the food base of the system, thereby offering a means of assessing disruption of ecosystem functioning. In this study, we used benthic macroinvertebrate communities collected at 650 sites of 23 different water types in the province of Overijssel, The Netherlands. Physical and chemical environmental factors were measured at each sampling site. Each taxon was assigned to its corresponding FFG based on its food resources. A multilayer perceptron (MLP) using a backpropagation algorithm, a supervised artificial neural network, was applied to evaluate the influence of environmental variables to the FFGs of benthic macroinvertebrates through a sensitivity analysis. In the evaluation of input variables, the sensitivity analysis with partial derivatives demonstrates the relative importance of influential environmental variables on the FFG, showing that different variables influence the FFG in various ways. Collector-filterers and shredders were mainly influenced by $Ca^{2+}$ and width of the streams, and scrapers were influenced mostly with $Ca^{2+}$ and depth, and predators were by depth and pH. $Ca^{2+}$ and depth displayed relatively high influence on all four FFGs, while some variables such as pH, %gravel, %silt, and %bank affected specific groups. This approach can help to characterize community structure and to ecologically assess target ecosystems.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.54-63
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 강원도 원주시에 3개의 사방댐이 연속적으로 설치된 지역을 대상으로 장마 전·후의 자료를 비교·분석하여 사방댐에 의한 저서성 대형무척추동물의 군집 변화를 파악하고자 하였다. 조사시기는 2019년 3월부터 9월까지 총 4회 조사를 실시하였으며, 조사지점은 불투과형이 연속적으로 설치된 지역과 투과형이 연속적으로 설치된 지역을 선정하였다. 불투과형, 투과형 사방댐 각각 상·하류로부터 총 8개의 지점을 선정하였다. 유속은 장마 이후 불투과형, 투과형 모두 대부분의 지점에서 증가하였으나, 불투과형은 투과형보다 상대적으로 유속의 변화가 큰 것으로 확인되었다. 저서성 대형무척추동물의 종수 및 개체수는 장마 이후 대부분의 지점에서 감소하는 것으로 나타났으며, 불투과형 상류지점이 상대적으로 종수 및 개체수가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 하루살이목-강도래목-날도래목 (EPT) 그룹 분석은 상대적으로 불투과형에서 하루살이목이 감소하였으며, 투과형에서 날도래목이 감소하였다. 유사도 분석 결과, 불투과형, 투과형 모두 장마 전·후가 구분되었으며, 투과형이 상대적으로 장마 전·후의 변화가 적은 것으로 분석되었다.