• 복합신소재구조학회 논문집
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.58-64
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• 2014

This study analyzes performance-cost ratio of various polycarbonate(PC) pigpen. The finite element models using the ANSYS program described in this paper is attractive not only because it shows excellent accuracy in analysis but also it shows the benefit of parameter study by using APDL. We have performed various parameter study of total 6 models. And we compared and analyzed the results of 6 models. From the numerical examples, we recommend model M2. Model M2 is PC pigpen with steel in PC.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2007년도 제38회 하계학술대회
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• pp.842-843
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• 2007

In this paper, the proper rebate level can be decided in programs of energy savings by solving an optimization problem with an objective function, which satisfies a maximum value of total energy savings. And then, each prevalence amount is estimated by using virtual Bass model which is a function of rebate level, instead of the conventional Bass model. Finally, by cost/benefit analysis of the estimated prevalence amounts, the priority order is obtained for the investment of each program. The priority order obtained in this way may result the improvement of investment efficiency for DSM(Demand-Side Management) programs and the reasonable plan decision for supply and demand in power system.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.141-156
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is how personal information violation risks affect the intention to use domestic cryptocurrency services. VAM(Value based Adoption Model) model is validated as a theoretical background, selecting perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and perceived security as a benefit factors, and considers perceived cost, technical complexity, and risk of personal information violation risks as sacrifice factors. The method of this study used questionnaire survey to collect 150 data on user's perception on cryptocurrency services, and also performed a structural equation modeling method using by AMOS 23. The result of this paper shows that all hypotheses are accepted statistically significant except 2 hypothesis. This research is concluded that perceived value is affected on statistically positive impact on perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and perceived security, and negative impact on risk of personal information violation risk, not statistically perceived fee and technical complexity.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제10권10호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to propose a win-win development plan for not only suppliers of delivery applications but also traditional market vendor companies and delivery riders by analyzing existing delivery models and presenting a new delivery model to enhance competitiveness of the traditional market using delivery apps. Research desgin, data, and methodology - Specifically, small retailers, such as traditional markets and supermarkets, presented a compromised delivery model that utilizes the platform of specialized delivery app service providers for order reception, and that the delivery is delivered by delivery systems jointly hired by Vendor companies, such as franchising companies. To validate the significance of the trade-off delivery model, a cost-benefit analysis was conducted by those involved in the delivery application. Results - From the perspective of suppliers of specialized delivery applications, it is analyzed that the use of specialized delivery applications in traditional markets will be a new market opportunity for service providers to achieve increased sales. It is expected that consumer choice and satisfaction will be increased as convenience and accessibility of traditional market businesses that were available only through direct visit from the user side of the delivery application will be expanded. From the standpoint of delivery application franchises, it is analyzed that they can seek to increase sales and increase customer service as well as ease labor cost burden due to joint employment of delivery riders. The delivery rider will be able to seek to improve customer service due to job security, wage stability, risk reduction and overheated competition due to direct employment. Conclusion - In conclusion, the compromised delivery model solved the problems raised in the preceding study conducted on delivery application suppliers, users, franchises, and riders to establish that it could be a strategic alternative to increasing sales and expanding detailed rights for the self-employed in the traditional market, which are experiencing difficulties in management. However, the adoption of a compromise delivery model requires social consensus from those involved in the delivery application and requires legal, institutional and policy support, which will require continued follow-up research on the delivery model in the future.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2004

환승정보에 대한 이용부재와 환승에 따른 버스 요금의 할인 문제 등 여러 가지 문제로 인하여 버스 환승에 대한 인식이 매우 낮은 현실로 환승정보를 이용한 사용자들이 경제적으로 얼마나 이득을 보는지에 대한 정보가 없는 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구의 목적은 환승 정보가 이용자 개인 이용가치를 대구광역시 버스노선을 대상으로 평가하는 것이다. 환승 정보의 시간가치를 산정하기 위하여 직항노선이 있는 사례구간인 달서구청 ~ 동대구역 구간의 통행시간 비용을 환승노선과 비교 분석하였다. 통행시간 비용 산정에 필요한 통행시간은 대구광역시 1차, 2차, 3차 내부순환도로의 공간적 특성에 따른 정류장 수와 거리를 독립변수로 설정하여 예측하였고 차내 시간가치가 1,728원/시간을 적용하였다. 본 연구의 사례구간인 달서구청~동대구역 구간에서 버스 차내 시간가치가 1,738원인 경우 현재 운영되고 있는 버스노선체계는 환승 정보에 대한 이점이 없는 것으로 분석되었으나 호나승요금을 100% 할인할 경우 환승 정보에 대한 가치가 조금 나타났다. 또한 차내 시간가치가 639원/시간으로 낮은 경우 환승요금이 할인율이 커질수록 환승정보에 대한 가치가 높게 나타났다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.501-512
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• 2012

Social welfare maximization in a double-sided auction market is performed by implementing an aggregation-based particle swarm optimization (CAPSO) algorithm for optimal placement and sizing of one Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) device. Dallied simulation results (without/with line flow constraints and without/with SSSC) are generated to demonstrate the impact of SSSC on the congestion levels of the modified IEEE 14-bus test system. The proposed CAPSO algorithm employs conventional quadratic smooth and augmented quadratic nonsmooth generator cost curves with sine components to improve the accurate of the model by incorporating the valve loading effects. CAPSO also employs quadratic smooth consumer benefit functions. The proposed approach relies on particle swarm optimization to capture the near-optimal GenCos and DisCos, as well as the location and rating of SSSC while the Newton based load flow solution minimizes the mismatch equations. Simulation results of the proposed CAPSO algorithm are compared to solutions obtained by sequential quadratic programming (SQP) and a recently implemented Fuzzy based genetic algorithm (Fuzzy-GA). The main contributions are inclusion of customer benefit in the congestion management objective function, consideration of nonsmooth generator characteristics and the utilization of a coordinated aggregation-based PSO for locating/sizing of SSSC.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.1596-1604
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• 2013

Coordinating operation between large-scale wind power and thermal units in multiple time scale is an important problem to keep power balance, especially for the power grids mainly made up of large coal-fired units. The paper proposes a novel operation mode of multi-scale unit commitment (abbr. UC) that includes mid-term UC and day-ahead UC, which can take full advantage of insufficient flexibility and improve wind power accommodation. First, we introduce the concepts of multi-scale UC and then illustrate the benefits of introducing mid-term UC to the wind-coal intensive grid. The paper then formulates the mid-term UC model, proposes operation performance indices and validates the optimal operation mode by simulation cases. Compared with day-ahead UC only, the multi-scale UC mode could reduce the total generation cost and improve the wind power net benefit by decreasing the coal-fired units' on/off operation. The simulation results also show that the maximum total generation benefit should be pursued rather than the wind power utilization rate in wind-coal intensive system.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.84-104
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• 2019

Purpose - This paper explains why free trade agreements (FTAs) are more popular than customs unions (CUs) in respect of tariff coordination. Design/methodology - This paper employs an equilibrium theory of trade agreements with tariff coordination. I set up three-country partial equilibrium model with competing exporters. Domestic and exporting firms decide their optimal production under given tariffs and each country levies its tariff under the trade agreements. I found stability of implicit tariff coordination and preference of each country between an FTA and a CU. Findings - I demonstrate that two FTA members can keep their external tariffs higher than separately decided external tariffs by keeping the status-quo. This implicit tariff coordination can benefit each member through trade diversion. In a CU, each member country must have a common optimal external tariff and it must incur costs because each country may seek different external tariffs for their own national welfare. The benefit of implicit coordination in an FTA and the cost of explicit coordination in a CU account for the popularity of the FTA. Originality/value - This paper uses the idea of implicit tariff coordination in trade agreements. In a CU, tariff coordination is explicit and mandatory. All member countries must have a single common external tariff for each good. On the other hand, in an FTA, each country establishes its external tariff with the goal of maximizing its own welfare. However, each country can also coordinate "implicitly" by keeping the status-quo after establishing an FTA.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.1945-1954
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• 2000

접촉폭기방식 중수도를 설치할 때 발생하는 비용과 편익의 현재가치를 이용한 경제성분석을 통해 서울특별시와 6개 광역시의 지역별 설치규모분석을 수행하였다. 사적 편익을 고려한 접촉폭기방식 중수도의 설치규모는, 가정용일 경우, 부산은 일일 중수사용량이 $500m^3$, 대구는 $1,000m^3$ 및 광주는 $2,000m^3$ 이상일 때 경제성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 서울, 인천, 대전 및 울산은 $3,000m^3$ 이상에서도 경제성이 없어 단독공급 방식보다는 대단지 공동주택의 지역순환방식으로 시설을 설치해야 할 것으로 판단된다. 업무용의 경우 서울, 부산 및 광주는 일일 중수사용량이 $100m^3$ 이상, 대구, 인천, 대전 및 울산은 $300m^3$ 이상일 때 경제성이 있다. 영업용의 경우 서울, 부산, 대구, 광주, 대전 및 울산은 중수사용량이 $100m^3$ 이상이고 인천은 $300m^3$ 이상일 때 경제성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 사회적 편익을 고려한 접촉폭기방식 중수도의 설치규모는 일일 중수사용량이 $100m^3$ 이상일 때 경제성을 갖는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.120-129
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• 2016

이용자 비용은 SOC 시설물의 효율적 자산관리를 위한 LCCA에서 시설물의 생애주기, 관리자 비용 그리고 할인율과 함께 반드시 고려되어야 하는 주요한 분석 항목이다. 특히, 도로분야에서는 청소 및 유지보수 등의 공사구간(Work zone)으로 인해 이용자들에게 막대한 지체비용이 발생되는 경우가 많으며, 이와 같은 경우 관리자는 보다 합리적인 의사결정을 위해 관리자비용 뿐만아니라 이용자비용까지도 고려해야만 한다. 그러나 최근까지도 대부분의 의사결정 단계에서 이용자 비용은 고려되지 않고 있으며, 이에 관한 연구들도 활발하지 못한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 교통류 모형과 교통시설 투자 평가 지침의 직접편익 산정 모델을 이용하여 의사결정 단계에서 필요한 이용자 비용 및 지체비용을 산정 하는 방법론을 제안한다. 그리고 2014년 실제 유지보수가 시행되었던 국도 4개구간에 대해 VISSIM을 이용하여 교통류 모형을 추정하고 제안된 방법론을 토대로 이용자 비용 및 지체비용을 산정하였다. 분석결과, AADT 약 3만대의 A구간은 공사구간 발생 전 평균 17,569천원/$km{\times}day$의 이용자 비용이 발생하는 것으로 분석되었으며, 유지보수로 인해 1차로를 차단 할 경우 추가적으로 평균 10,193천원/$km{\times}day$(158%)의 지체비용이 발생하는 것으로 분석 되었다. AADT 약 2만대의 B구간과 D구간에서는 각각 1,507천원/$km{\times}day$(115%), 1,985천원/$km{\times}day$(119%)의 지체비용이 발생되는 것으로 분석되었으며, AADT 약 1만대의 C구간에서는 262천원/$km{\times}day$(105%)의 지체 비용이 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 교통류 모형을 시뮬레이션 기반으로 추정함으로서 실제 적용에는 한계가 있다. 향후 실제 관측 자료를 이용한 적정성 높은 모형의 개발과 시뮬레이션 검증을 통해 적용 가능성을 높이는 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.