• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.57-70
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• 2013

Purpose - The objective of this paper is to explain the successful methods for the revitalization of distribution and logistics of the least developed FEZs (Saemangum, Yellow-sea, and Deagu-Kyengbuk) in Korea. With the recent changes in the economic terrain of Northeast Asia as with the rise of China, Korea has developed a logistics hub concept for improving the efficiency of logistics and distribution industry and its distribution and logistics policy has received positive worldwide evaluation. Therefore, we face severe competition and must always look for ways to address these problems. Research design, Data, Methodology - This study adopts two methods to propose successful revitalization of distribution and logistics in the least developed FEZ. The first method investigates the limitation of these FEZs by analyzing the statutes, and the second one follows comparable cases. Thus, we first reviewed the efficient strategic political alternatives for the least developed FEZ, Yellow-sea, Seamangum-Gunsan, and Deagu-Kyeongbuk, through the relative institution system, law, and future plans. Next, we studied the Bin-hai Economic Free Section (Zone) in China as a comparable example. In order to analyze the competitiveness of logistics in the three FEZs (Yellow-sea, Seamangum-Gunsan, and Deagu-Kyeongbuk), the total factor productivity growth of regional manufacturing industries is divided into three sources: the external trade effect, scale effect, and technical change effect. However, this paper does not test for a positive contribution of external trade, which is a reason of non-building on these FEZs. A FEZ that shows a larger external trade effect than the others will have a comparative advantage in the logistics infrastructure and policy support. This study presented the newly applied Bin-hai FEZ in China, in order to make the studied FEZ as successful by applying the strategy of its distribution and logistics center. Results - In Korea, there is an increased focus on the benefit of the regional development of regions such as the Free Economic Zones (FEZ). We have six FEZs, Inchon, Busan-Jinhae, Guangyang, Yellow-sea, Seamangum-Gunsan, and Deagu-Kyeongbuk. However, our FEZs do not have various supporting factors needed for the logistics and distribution industry. Korea designated the above six places as FEZ and has operated to enhance national competitiveness and ensure a balanced regional development since 2003. However, most FEZs did not receive favorable feedback in the first business performance evaluation and it is necessary to take action for substantial improvements. Conclusions - Especially, over the past 10 years, even though the FEZ policy has been implemented in an effort to promote success in distribution and logistics, there are still many underdeveloped industries in logistics. The main problem is the absence of revitalization of the high value added performance in the distribution and logistics industry. However, there is a limitation to this study. We have used non-empirical method based on a case study to arrive at our findings. Future studies should use appropriate statistical methods to supplement our results and provide a solution to this problem.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2014

Purpose - The competitiveness of logistics in the 21st century rests on ensuring the efficiency and effectiveness of its local hub. While considering entry into a niche market in local logistics, it is pertinent to note that Budapest is emerging as a hub in EU enlargement in Eastern Europe. Big, small, and medium-sized businesses in Korea entered Hungary in the early 1990s since then, there has been a significant increase in Korean presence, of approximately 130 times. This study aimed to identify the key distribution issues that have emerged in relation to Eastern Europe. Research design, data, and methodology - This study indicates that 33 major Korean companies were located in Hungary, which serves as an out post to enter the European marketplace. However, Korea's exports to Hungary have declined (-32.0% in 2012) because of a loss of competitiveness against multinational corporations, due to factors such as the rise in current local distribution costs and wages. Hungary, on the other hand, through diversification and expansion of foreign trade with the non-EU markets, including Korea, is increasing its exports. Strategies of emerging countries are compared and reviewed in this study, by examining the vicissitudes of Hungary's distribution methods. Results - There are issues regarding Hungary's innovative ability. Hungary has a history of low wages and high skilled labor. However, the outflow of high-quality human resources for high-wages has become more extensive, and this underlines concerns that the CEE's trade hub is moving to neighboring countries. After the European financial crisis in 2010, the Hungarian economy is now developing, because of the IMF's measures, and it is being transformed into a trade surplus nation, while regaining distribution volumes rapidly. However, if there is continued lack of investment, the supply chain is weakened and exports decline amidst competition with TNCs or with China's distribution networks. Conclusions - It is necessary to create a new logistics approach for increasing trade between Korea and Hungary. First, Korean small and medium enterprises (SMEs) should build trust by working with advanced Hungarian talent, and they should expand into state-of-the-art fields instead of being confined to traditional sectors. Second, this study focuses on limiting and lowering their high expectations for success according to foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and the role in the CEE distribution hub Korea should try to strengthen the distribution hub with its centralized population, using better, more highly educated human resources, thereby sustaining more innovative ability. Further, the positive effects of these measures are manifested in enhanced business on both sides of Hungary, namely, the EU and non-EU nations such as Turkey and emerging markets around Europe, and a better engagement in the core placement of culture and industry. For this, Korea can contribute to, and benefit from, a Hungarian logistics center, for adopting the high-tech cluster systems and commercializing distribution technology such as RFID·USN.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.21-40
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• 2006

본 연구는 소비자가 판촉을 인식할 때 판촉이 제시하는 혜택을 소비자가 지불해야 하는 현금손실을 감소시켜주는 것으로 보는지 혹은 정상적인 거래이후에 추가적으로 받게 되는 이득으로 인식하는지에 따라서 판매촉진에 대한 가치평가가 달라지게 된다는 것을 검증하기 위한 것이다. 구체적으로 판촉도구의 특성차원 세 가지, 혜택의 실현시점이 즉각적일수록, 판촉물의 현가계산의 용이할수록, 판촉물과 본래제품이 유사시점에 구매할수록 소비자가 지불해야 하는 현금손실을 줄여주는 것으로 인식할 것이며, 이와 같이 감소된 손실로 인식되는 판촉이 추가된 이득으로 인식되는 판촉보다 판촉의 가치평가가 더욱 클 것으로 가정하였다. 대학생을 대상으로 집단간/내 설계를 통하여 자료를 얻고 ANOVA와 구조방정식 모형으로 가설을 검증하였다. 결과적으로 현가계산과 유사시점구매는 검증되었으나 혜택실현시점가설은 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 감소된 손실은 추가된 이득보다 판촉가치평가에 더 효과적이었고, 나아가서 구매의도를 더 높혀주었다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2168-2177
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• 2018

The unavoidable forecast error of wind power is one of the biggest obstacles for wind farms to participate in day-ahead electricity market. To mitigate the deviation from forecast, installation of energy storage system (ESS) is considered. An accurate model of wind power forecast error is fundamental for ESS sizing. However, previous study shows that the error distribution has variable kurtosis and fat tails, and insufficient measurement data of wind farms would add to the difficulty of modeling. This paper presents a comprehensive way that makes the use of mixed skewness model (MSM) and copula theory to give a better approximation for the distribution of forecast error, and it remains valid even if the dataset is not so well documented. The model is then used to optimize the ESS power and capacity aiming to pay the minimal extra cost. Results show the effectiveness of the new model for finding the optimal size of ESS and increasing the economic benefit.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.49-68
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• 2004

유통업체 브랜드와 제조업체 브랜드가 전략적으로 연계할 수 있는 방안으로서 브랜드 연합 대한 논의를 전개하였다. 전통적 소매차륜 가설을 기초로 유통업체 브랜드 발전의 한계 요소를 설명하고, 유통업체 브랜드 성장이 제조업체에 주는 의미를 확인하여 브랜드 제휴의 도입을 강조하였다. 브랜드 제휴 도입의 가능성을 확인하기 위하여 컨조인트 분석을 통한 브랜드 제휴와 관련된 속성의 중요성을 제시하고 중요도에 대한 조절 효과 및 유통업체 브랜드 구매의도와의 관계를 확인하였다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2020

Purpose: This study investigates the influence of VMI on the supply chain performance over time. By examining each supply chain member's ongoing performance, this study figures out how VMI allows the vendor to overcome the initial loss and eventually provides the benefit to every supply chain member. Research design, data, and methodology: The proposed mathematical model describes the supply chain system where a manufacturer and a retailer make the operational decisions to maximize their own profits. By using the numerical examples with arbitrary data, VMI and non-VMI are compared in terms of their profit changes over time. Results: The numerical analysis shows that VMI results in greater overall profits for both manufacturer and retailer than non-VMI, while the manufacturer make a loss in the early stage of VMI implementation. This study also examines the impacts of certain conditional factors on the performance of VMI. Conclusions: This study supports the idea that VMI leads to manufacturer's initial loss but it brings greater profits to both manufacturer and retailer than non-VMI after all. In addition, the result of this study provides the managerial implications about the particular condition that allows VMI to achieve a significant financial performance improvement over non-VMI.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2016

Purpose - Purpose of this paper is to review and examine FTA of two countries, Korea and China, in terms of the investment aspects in bilateral FTA. Traditionally, there have been much mutual exchanges for international trade and investment between two countries for a long time. As the FTA has established between Korea and China in recent years, it can be expected that there will be more possibilities to take wide investment opportunities, which is mutual benefit to both countries in FTA era. Research design, data, and methodology - The methodology to be taken is to look into, first general economic situations and a brief look at FTA from each countries, and then to examine investment aspects in present and future between Korea and China. Results - The result examined in this research is that each country has been involved into mutual investment step by step, and it is also revealed that investment activities have been growing steadily as time goes by. Conclusions - The FTA between Korea and China has new chance and hope for mutual co-operation in relation to investment aspects of the FTA at the level of economic exchanges, which can fully utilize national resources of each country.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2018

Steel-concrete composite structure is widely applied to bridge engineering due to their outstanding mechanical properties and economic benefit. This paper studied a new type of steel-concrete composite anchorage system for a self-anchored suspension bridge and focused on the mechanical behavior and force transferring mechanism. A model with a scale of 1/2.5 was prepared and tested in ten loading cases in the laboratory, and their detailed stress distributions were measured. Meanwhile, a three-dimensional finite element model was established to understand the stress distributions and validated against the experimental measurement data. From the results of this study, a complicated stress distribution of the steel anchorage box with low stress level was observed. In addition, no damage and cracking was observed at the concrete surrounding this steel box. It can be concluded that the composite effect between the concrete surrounding the steel anchorage box and this steel box can be successfully developed. Consequently, the steel-concrete composite anchorage system illustrated an excellent mechanical response and high reliability.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2001

This study investigates "commitment" , which is the crucial variable in the study of relationship marketing, because I pay attention to the importance of relationship marketing toward consumers in virtual environment. This dissertation whose main issue is about virtual environment focuses on "commitment" from two perspectives. One is customers′ relationship commitment toward enterprises or corporations through internet sites and the other is relationship commitment between customers. The main purpose is to verify antecedents and consequents which influence relationship commitment toward internet sites (corporations or enterprises) and between customers. The hypotheses are that (1) share values and relationship benefit from internet sites affect relationship commitment toward internet sites (2) share values and interactions between customers affect relationship commitment between customers (3) interactions with relationship commitments toward internet sites and between customers exist (4) these relationship commitments affect future intentions. The subjects are university students who I think get used to using internet. The results indicate that (1) antecedents of relationship commitment toward internet sites and between customers are significantly influential (2) relationship commitment toward internet sites influences relationship commitment between customers, but the effect of relationship commitment between customers on relationship commitment toward internet sites is not significant (3) relationship commitment between customers influences future intentions, but the effect of relationship commitment toward internet sites on future intentions is not significant.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.5-11
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• 2013

Purpose - Considering corporate companies that are continually growing and bearing in mind the theory of agency, how confident can stakeholders be about their benefits in relation to managers' decisions? Previous research has indicated that the type of corporate governance can have an effective impact on companies' performance. The current study aims to investigate the impact of ownership structure on listed companies on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - Through use of the correlation coefficient, the results indicate a positive correlation among the percentage of common stock held by board members, the percentage of non-executive board members, and separation of the positions of chairperson of the board of directors and managing director. Results - Based on the return on assets index, only the correlation between the proportion of ownership of the managing director and financial investment company ownership is significant. Conclusion -Managers can potentially make decisions that benefit themselves but are detrimental to shareholders' interests. Corporate governance is a factor that can mitigate agency costs. Corporate governance comprises the laws, regulations, structures, processes, cultures, and systems that lead to the achievement of objectives such as accountability, transparency, justice, and stakeholders' rights.