• 대한가정학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.780-793
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• 1966

A study was made of influence of grandmother on the child's porsonality development. Behavior of randomly sampled 144 kindergarten children aged 5-6: 36 boys and 36 girls who came from general households were comparatively observed and rated by kindergartners who were able to correctly identify the children. Addition to this, interviews were conducted with their grandmothers by the auther. Rating scale used for behavior observations was consisted of 8 traits of personality: independency, dominance, co-operativeness, tolerance, responsibility, needs of achievement, agressiveness, and hostility. The scale for interviews was consisted of 3 domains of grandmothers attitude toward grandchildren; support, over control, and submissiveness. Both scales were carefully constructed and the validity of them were tested. The following results and conclusings were emerged from the study. 1. A moderate and statistically siggnificant relationships were found between the presence of grandmother and decline of dominance, tolerance, and needs of achievement of the boy and needs of achievement of the girl. Hostility of the girl increased by the presence of grandmother. 2. It was showed that most grandmothers inclined to support and submit to grandsons. 3. High negative correlations were obtained between anxiety of grandchildren and independency, cooperativeness, and needs of achievement of them.

• 아동학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.19-32
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between adjustment, temperament, and mothers' childrearing behavior. The subjects were 132 three to five-year old children. The research instruments included TRS(Temperament Rating Scale), the modified IPBI(Iowa Parent Behavior Inventory), and PAQ (Preschool Adjustment Questionnaire). The data were analyzed by percentiles and canonical correlation analysis. The results were as follows : Among the five temperament factors and four childrearing factors, the best predictor of children's adjustment was activity temperament. The next one was Limit Setting of childrearing behavior. Among the five adjustment measures, the one predicted best by children's temperament and mothers' childrearing behavior was Adjustment to Preschool Routines.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2008

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of osmotic release oral system-methylphenidate (OROS-MPH) in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and comorbid psychiatric disorders. Methods: This was an 8-week open label study of OROS-MPH monotherapy. The subjects were 113 children with ADHD aged 6-12 years. Outcome measures were the Korean version of the parent ADHD Rating Scale (K-ARS), Korean version of the Conners Parent Rating Scale (K-CPRS), Clinical Global Impression-Severity and Clinical Global Impression-Improvement. Side effects were monitored using Barkley's Side Effect Rating Scale. We compared the change-over-time in the mean scores of the outcome measure according to the comorbidity of disruptive behavior disorder, depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and tic disorder. Results: The mean K-ARS and K-CPRS scores were significantly decreased, regardless of the comorbidity. The mean doses of OROS-MPH and dropout rate did not differ significantly according to comorbidity. The OROS-MPH was well tolerated, regardless of the comorbidity. However, children with tic disorder reported a higher frequency of tics or nervous movements between the $2^{nd}\;and\;8^{th}$ week than those without tic disorder. Conclusion: The OROS-MPH is effective for decreasing the symptoms of ADHD, and it is well tolerated, even by patients with comorbid psychiatric disorders.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.541-549
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of preschool children's behavioral and emotional regulation on their peer play behavior, focusing on gender differences. A total of 214 4- and 5-year-old children attending a child care center in South Korea participated in this study. The instruments used in this study were the Child Behavior Rating Scale, Emotion Regulation Checklist, and Penn Interactive Peer Play Scale. The collected data were analyzed using a Student's t -test, Pearson's partial correlation, and multiple regressions with the SPSS software ver. 16.0. The main results of this study are as follows: first, there was a significant gender difference in preschool children's behavioral regulation, emotional control, play interaction, and play disruption. However, there was no gender difference in preschool children's play disconnection. Second, preschool children's emotional control and behavioral regulation had positive effects on their play interaction irrespective of gender. Third, preschool children's emotional instability and emotional control had a positive influence on their play disruption irrespective of gender. Finally, the factors of behavioral regulation and emotional instability significantly predicted the boys' play disconnection, while for the girls, the significant predictor was emotional control. Further, implications for the use of early intervention targeting specific behavioral and emotional regulation problems have been discussed.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.330-339
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• 2012

본 연구는 주의력결핍/과잉행동장애(Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: ADHD)의 증상, 어머니의 양육스트레스 및 양육행동간의 관계를 살펴보고, ADHD의 증상과 어머니의 양육스트레스가 양육행동에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 소아정신과 3곳에서 ADHD로 진단받은 만 4~12세 아동의 어머니를 대상으로 어머니 양육스트레스, 어머니의 양육행동, ADHD 증상 척도 설문지를 실시하였다. 양육스트레스, 양육행동, ADHD 증상은 각각 한국판 부모 양육스트레스 축약형 검사, 수정한 Maternal Behavior Research Instrument(MBRI), 부모용 한국형 ADHD Rating Scale(K-ARS)를 사용하였다. 총 59부의 자료가 분석에 사용되었으며, 빈도분석, 상관분석, 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. ADHD 증상은 부모의 양육스트레스와 정적상관을 보였으며, 다중회귀분석 결과 양육스트레스에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다(F=12.88,p<.01). 어머니의 양육스트레스는 양육행동 중 애정적 태도와 부적상관을, 거부적 태도와 정적상관을 보였으며, 어머니의 양육스트레스는 양육행동에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다(F=10.23, p<.001). ADHD 증상은 양육행동 중 거부적 태도와 정적상관을 보였으며, 양육행동에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다(F=5.64, p<.01). ADHD 자녀를 둔 부모의 긍정적인 양육행동을 위해서는 아동의 ADHD 증상에 대한 치료적 접근와 함께 양육스트레스를 감소시키는 직접적인 개입이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.231-245
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• 2005

Recruited from Korean-Chinese preschools and elementary schools in Shenyang and Harbin, China, 150 caregivers of Korean-Chinese children separated from their parents provided general information about the separation(reason and duration of parent-child separation, present location of parents, etc.). They also filled out information about children's responses as to when the children had been separated and about children's behavior problems(Behavior Rating Scale, Behar & Stringfield, 1974). Results showed that most of the children were cared-for by relatives. Caregivers reported that the separated children adjusted positively to parent-child separation and were not anxious about living with a caregiver. There were significant differences in children's behavior problems by duration of separation from mother and frequency of contact between parent and caregiver.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.337-346
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• 2023

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of local anesthesia (LA) on postoperative pain and hemostasis after dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia (DRGA) in pediatric patients. Methods: A total of 43 patients, aged 3-7 years and rated ASA I or II, who had a definitely negative rating on Frankel's behavior rating scale, were included in this two-arm, parallel-design, single-blinded, randomized, controlled study. The patients were allocated equally into two main groups receiving both restorative treatments and tooth extractions. Two pain scales and one bleeding scale were used. In Group A, the treatment was done with LA, and in Group B, the treatment was done without LA. Results: The statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in the pain scores between the groups. It also revealed significant differences in the bleeding scores between the groups but no significant differences in the duration of bleeding. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the use of LA in pediatric dental patients undergoing DRGA had no effects on postoperative pain reduction or bleeding duration after teeth extraction. We also observed that the use of LA had an impact on the reduction in the bleeding scores in pediatric dental patients undergoing DRGA.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2016

Purpose: The study was done to investigate behavioral problems in toddlers who were born prematurely and to analyze related factors. Methods: A cross-sectional explorative study was conducted with 72 preterm birth (PTB) children at 24 to 41 months of corrected age who were born at 28 to 37 weeks' gestation. During home visits, behavior problems were assessed using the Behavior Rating Index for Children (BRIC). Using a BRIC score of ${\geq}30$, children with suspected behavior problems were grouped in the non-regular behavior group. Results: Of the children, 38.9% belong to the non-regular behavior group. The mental development index score for the Korean-Bayley Scale of Infant Development- II was higher for the non-regular behavior group compared to the regular behavior group (t=2.26, p=.027). Logistic regression analysis showed that lower maternal attachment (<96, OR=3.4, 95% CI[1.1, 10.4]) and higher parenting stress (${\geq}97$, OR=4.8, 95% CI[1.3, 17.3]) were independently related to non-regular behavior. Conclusion: PTB Toddlers are at risk for behavior problems which are associated with low cognitive performance. Maternal-child attachment and maternal parenting stress were strongly related to behavior problems in these children. More attention is needed to understand possible behavior problems in young children with PTB, particularly focusing on maternal-child interaction and maternal mental well-being.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.103-119
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to explore the mediating effects of preschooler's effortful control on the relationship between maternal emotional availability and preschooler's social skills and problem behaviors. One hundred-thirty six 5-year-old preschoolers and their mothers participated in this study. Instruments for this study were the Emotional Availability Scale for maternal emotional availability, the Delay task, and the Child Behavior Questionnaire for preschooler's effortful control, and the Social Skill Rating Scale, K-CBCL 1.5-5 and K-TRF for preschooler's social skills and problem behaviors. The resulting data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, partial correlation, and structural equation modeling analysis. As predicted, the preschooler's effortful control mediated the effects of maternal emotional availability on preschooler's social skills and problem behaviors. In conclusion, the preschooler's effortful control mediates the effects of emotion related socialization behavior on the preschooler's socio-emotional adjustment.

• 아동학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.129-144
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of family child care. The status of family child care was explored in terms of general characteristics, program quality, and child behavior. The subjects were 17 family child care and their 102 children and 60 parents. Harms & Clifford's (1989) FDCRS(Family Day Care Rating Scale) was used to measure program quality. Child behavior was recorded by time sampling in two 30 min observations during the free play session in each facility. A questionnaire for caregiver and parents was used to investigate general characteristics. The data were analysed by frequency, percentage, and Pearson's r. Results showed that (1) a wide range of variable accounted for the general characteristics of family child care, (2) the level of program quality as rated by the FDCRS was below mid-point, (3) children engaged in solitary behavior much more than in peer interactions or caregiver-child interactions.