• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.19-32
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• 2018

Purpose - This paper aims at exploring the effects of failure types such as failure in promotion orientation and failure in prevention orientation on consumers' consumption behavior, and the moderation role of lay theories in the effects. Research design, data, and methodology - This study employed 2 between-subject designs(failure in promotion orientation vs. failure in prevention orientation) and also 2 (failure in promotion orientation vs. failure in prevention orientation) with implicit self as the within-subject. Chinese consumers participated in the empirical study, and to verify the hypotheses ANOVA, T-test and regression analysis were used. Results - Consumers were more likely to choose adaptive consumption behavior rather than compensatory consumption behavior when they were encountered with failure in promotion orientation versus failure in prevention orientation. Lay theories did play the moderation role in the effect of failure types on consumption behavior. The incremental theorists who think that effort is an important way to accomplish their learning goals showed more willingness to conduct compensatory consumption behavior rather than adaptive consumption behavior. Conclusions - Marketers should put more attention on the ways by which their products can help consumers self-improve when consumers encounter with failure. They should also be aware of the importance of consumers' mindsets when designing and developing advertising messages.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.9-16
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• 2008

This paper is concerned with the numerical evaluation of the failure behavior of reinforced soil walls based on the elasto-plastic theory. At first, the basic analysis on the failure behavior of reinforced soil walls are discussed. Parametric study of the major factors influencing the failure behavior is conducted by FEM. The objectives are to identify and evaluate the major facts influencing the failure mode of reinforced soil walls. The results of the parametric study on the failure behavior due to soil friction angle, reinforcement type, and reinforecement length are analysed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.1095-1120
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• 2016

This paper investigates the change of structural characteristics of steel cable-stayed bridges after cable failure. Cables, considered as the intermediate supports of cable-stayed bridges, can break or fail for several reasons, such as fire, direct vehicle clash accident, extreme weather conditions, and fatigue of cable or anchorage. Also, the replacement of cables can cause temporary disconnection. Because of the structural characteristics with various geometric nonlinearities of cable-stayed bridges, cable failure may cause significant change to the structural state and ultimate behavior. Until now, the characteristics of structural behavior after cable failure have rarely been studied. In this study, rational cable failure analysis is suggested to trace the new equilibrium with structural configuration after the cable failure. Also, the sequence of ultimate analysis for the structure that suffers cable failure is suggested, to study the change of ultimate behavior and load carrying capacity under specific live load conditions. Using these analysis methods, the statical behavior after individual cable failure is studied based on the change of structural configuration, and distribution of internal forces. Also, the change of the ultimate behavior and load carrying capacity under specific live load conditions is investigated, using the proposed analysis method. According to the study, significant change of the statical behavior and ultimate capacity occurs although just one cable fails.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.173-194
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• 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the factors of delivery app service failure on consumption well conflict emotion and complaining behavior targeting consumers with experience using delivery apps, and the results of the study are summarized as follows. First, when looking at the demographic analysis, the proportion of men was 58.1% and women were 41.9%, and the age group was the highest with 91.9% in their 20s. Second, as a result of testing hypothesis 1 that the factor of delivery app service failure will have a significant influence on consumer conflict emotions, failure to provide app information and failure to deliver/food service showed a significant positive (+) relationship. Third, as a result of the verification of Hypothesis 2, that consumer conflict emotions will have a significant effect on the consumer's continued use intention, it was found to be insignificant and rejected. Lastly, hypothesis 3 that consumer conflict emotions will have a significant effect on consumer complaints behavior is that negative word of mouth behavior, complaint behavior from service providers, and complaint behavior from service managers were adopted, but the complaint behavior was rejected by third parties.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.84 no.4
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• pp.479-488
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• 2022

Aiming to examine different failure patterns in multistory URM walls, two 1/3 scaled three-story and three-bay URM models were designed for the quasi-static loading tests to contrastively investigate the failure processes and characteristics of the multistory URM walls. Two different failure responses were observed with special attention paid to the behavior of spandrel-failure mode. By evaluating the seismic performance and deformation behavior of two test walls, it is demonstrated that spandrels, that haven't been properly designed in some codes, are of great significance in the failure of entire URM walls. Additionally, compared with pier-failure mode, spandrel-failure for multistory URM building is more reasonable and advisable as its effectively participation in energy dissipation and its efficiently improvement on seismic capacity and deformation in the overall structure. Furthermore, the experimental results are beneficial to improve seismic design and optimize reinforcement method of URM buildings.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.210-217
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• 1996

Under strong shock loads including earthquake or blast, structures may start to crack in stress concentrated members. The continuous behavior of the structure changes to the discontinuous. In this study, numerical method analyzing continuous and discontinuous behavior of a structure is developed using a modified distinct element method. Equations of motion of each distinct element are integrated using the central difference method, one of the finite difference methods. Interactions between he elements are considered by an element and pore spring. The forces acting in the center of an element include contact stress transferred by element spring; tensile stress by pore spring; and external traction such as earthquake or blast load. To verify the proposed method, the behavior of the cantilever beam subject to the quasi-static concentrated force at the end is investigated. The failure behavior of the simply supported beam subject to the strong shock at the center is studied. The proposed method can predict the failure behavior of the structure due to the shock loading and the post-failure discontinuous behavior of the structure.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.217-222
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• 1999

Usually, the failure of quasi-brittle materials is numerically difficult to describe because of the localization process with softening behavior. In this study, ADLE(Axial Deformation Link Elements) with stochastic material properties are developed to simulate the quasi-brittle material failure behavior. The ADLE method is adopted both Fictitious Crack Model and stochastic method to implement the fracture behavior with the localization behavior of quasi-brittle materials. The main objective of this paper is to show the mash independency and the capability of ADLE for the failure behavior of a quasi-brittle materials.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 2014

In this study, the large scale test was performed to investigate the behavior of failure for the embankment and spillway transitional zone by overtopping. The pore water pressure, earth pressure, settlement and failure pattern of covering embankment with geotextile were compared and analyzed. The pore water pressure showed a small change in the spillway transition zone and core, indicating that the geotextile efficiently reinforced the embankment. The earth pressure decreased the infiltration of the pore water only in inclined cores type to secure local stability. The behavior of failure started from the bottom and gradually progressed upwards. After the intermediate overtopping period (100 min), width and depth of the seepage erosion were very small due to the effect of geotextile which delayed failure. Therefore, the reinforced method by geotxtile was a very effective method to respond to the emergency due to overtopping.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.351-362
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• 2017

This paper presents an experimental study on the behavior of composite floor slab comprised by a new steel sheet and concrete slab. The strength of composite slabs depends mainly on the strength of the connection between the steel sheet and concrete, which is denoted by longitudinal shear strength. The composite slabs have three main failures modes, failure by bending, vertical shear failure and longitudinal shear failure. These modes are based on the load versus deflection curves that are obtained in bending tests. The longitudinal shear failure is brittle due to the mechanical connection was not capable of transferring the shear force until the failure by bending occurs. The vertical shear failure is observed in slabs with short span, large heights and high concentrated loads subjected near the supports. In order to analyze the behavior of the composite slab with a new steel sheet, six bending tests were undertaken aiming to provide information on their longitudinal shear strength, and to assess the failure mechanisms of the proposed connections. Two groups of slabs were tested, one with 3000 mm in length and other with 1500 mm in length. The tested composite slabs showed satisfactory composite behavior and longitudinal shear resistance, as good as well, the analysis confirmed that the developed sheet is suitable for use in composite structures without damage to the global behavior.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.457-470
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• 2021

In this study, the pull-out behavior of a tunnel-type anchorage for suspension bridges was investigated using experimental tests and image processing analyses. The study focused on evaluating the initial failure behavior and failure mode of the tunnel-type anchorage. In order to evaluate the failure mode of tunnel-type anchorage, a series of scaled model tests were conducted based on the prototype anchorage of the Ulsan Grand Bridge. In the model tests, the anchorage body and surrounding rocks were fabricated using a gypsum mixture. The pull-out behavior was investigated under plane strain conditions. The results of the model tests demonstrate that the tunnel-type anchorage underwent a wedge-shaped failure. In addition, the failure mode changed according to the differences in the physical properties of the surrounding rock and the anchorage body and the size of the anchor plate. The size of the anchor plate was found to be an important parameter that determines the failure mode. However, the difference in physical properties between the surrounding rock and the anchorage body did not affect its size. In addition, this study analyzed the initial failure behavior of the tunnel-type anchorage through image analysis and confirmed that the failure was sequentially transferred from the inside of the tunnel to the surrounding rock according to the image analysis. The reasonable failure mode for the design of the tunnel-type anchorage should be wedge-type rather than pull-out type.