• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2013

This paper describes the coordinated droop control method for stand-alone type DC micro-grid to improve reliability and utilization of distributed generations and energy storage. The stand-alone type DC micro-grid consists of several distributed generations such as a wind power generation, solar power and micro-turbine, and energy storage. The proposed method which is based on autonomous control method shows high reliability and stability through coordinated droop control of distributed generations and energy storage and also capability of battery management. The operation of stand-alone type DC micro-grid was analyzed using detail simulation model with PSCAD/EMTDC software. Based on simulation results, a hardware simulator was built and tested with commercially available components and performance of system was verified.

• 적정기술학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.33-37
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• 2019

One of main problems in developing electricity grid for archipelago country like Indonesia is the geographical concerns as it consists of many islands. In some rural areas, electricity has not been available yet due to the limited infrastructure access, leading to high investment cost. In this study, a portable energy storage system based on the lithium-ion batteries called Tabung Listrik or TaLis (DC-based power bank) and DC house system were proposed as the solution for providing electricity for rural areas with relatively lower cost. TaLis is designed to be portable so it is easy to carry around as well as it can be used for many purposes. Since 2017, TaLis prototype has been used as the energy storage in a DC house system at Sekolah Master Indonesia, where an array of PV rooftop is functioned as the main DC power supply. Besides, some TaLis were also dispatched for emergency response during the disaster situations in Indonesia, such as during the measles outbreak in Asmat-Papua, the earthquake disaster in Lombok and tsunami in Palu.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2015

We introduce a new synthesis method to prepare small TiO₂ nanoparticles with a narrow particle size distribution, which is achieved by electron beam (E-beam) irradiation. The effects of E-beam irradiation on the synthesis of TiO₂ nanoparticles and the electrochemical performance of TiO₂ nanoparticles as alternative anode materials for Li-ion batteries are investigated. The TiO₂ nanoparticles induced by E-beam irradiation present better cycling performance and rate capability than the TiO₂ nanoparticles synthesized by normal hydrolysis reaction. The better electrochemical performance is attributed to small particle size and narrow particle size distribution, resulting in the large surface area that provides innumerable reaction sites and short diffusion length for Li⁺ through TiO₂ nanoparticles.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2007

센서 노드들의 전기에너지 양은 극히 제한적이고, 밧데리 교체는 무선 센서 망에서는 매우 어렵다. 본 논문은 다른 라우터에서 에너지 손질에 대한 수학적 모델을 제안하며, 직접 Diffusion 기반에 에너지 소비를 근거로 하여 해석한다.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.14-25
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• 2020

Li ion battery (LIB) is one of the most remarkable energy storage devices currently available in various applications. With a growing demand for high-performance batteries, the role of electrochemical analysis for batteries, especially, electrode reactions are becoming very important and crucial. Among various analytical methods, cyclic voltammetry (CV) is very versatile and widely used in many fields of electrochemistry. Through CV, it is possible to know electrochemical factors affecting the reaction voltage and reversibility, and furthermore, quantitative analysis on Li⁺ diffusivity as well as intercalation and capacitive reactions, and also anionic redox reaction. However, the explanation or interpretation of the results of CV is often deficient or controversial. In this mini-review, we briefly introduce the principle of cyclic voltammetry and its applications in LIB to bring a better understanding of the electrochemical reaction mechanisms involved in LIB.

• 한국지열·수열에너지학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

Lithium-ion batteries with high energy density, long cycle life and other advantages, have been widely used to energy storage systems(ESS). But as ESS fires frequently occur, the safety concern has become the main obstacle that hinders the large-scale applications of lithium-ion batteries. Especially, thermal runaway is the key scientific problem in battery safety research. Therefore, in this study, we performed a numerical analysis on the thermal runaway phenomenon of NCM111, NCM523 and NCM622 batteries using a two-dimensional analysis model. The results show that the two-dimensional simulation results are generally matched with three-dimensional simulation. Also, In the case of NCM111 with a low Ni content in the temperature range used in this study, thermal runaway phenomenon does occurred very slowly, but as the Ni content is increased, the thermal runaway phenomenon occurs rapidly and the thermal stability tends to be decreased. And, in NCM523 and NCM622 batteries, chain reactions occur almost simultaneously, but in the case of NCM111 battery, it is found that after the SEI(Solid Electrolyte Interface) layer decomposition reaction, the cathode-electrolyte reaction is appeared sequentially. After that, the anodic decomposition reaction is increased and leads to the thermal runaway reaction.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.1864-1873
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• 2018

Energy shifting is an innovative method used to obtain the highest profit from the operation of energy storage systems (ESS) by controlling the charge and discharge schedules according to the electricity prices in a given period. Therefore, in this study, we propose an optimal charge and discharge scheduling method that performs energy shift operations derived from an ESS efficiency model. The efficiency model reflects the construction of power conversion systems (PCSs) and lithium battery systems (LBSs) according to the rated discharge time of a MWh-scale ESS. The PCS model was based on measurement data from a real system, whereas for the LBS, we used a circuit model that is appropriate for the MWh scale. In addition, this paper presents the application of a genetic algorithm to obtain the optimal charge and discharge schedules. This development represents a novel evolutionary computation method and aims to find an optimal solution that does not modify the total energy volume for the scheduling process. This optimal charge and discharge scheduling method was verified by various case studies, while the model was used to realize a higher profit than that realized using other scheduling methods.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.137-142
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• 2021

태양광발전 가로등은 태양광에너지를 사용하여 2차전지에 충전 후 램프를 통해 야간조명에 활용하는 시스템으로서 부하 단 LED 가로등을 설치하여 독립형 또는 계통연계형으로 구성할 수 있다. 태양전지모듈을 통해 발전된 에너지는 충방전 제어장치를 통해 2차전지에 충전 후 일사량 감시에 따른 발전전압과 충전전압의 비교, 또는 일몰, 일출 후 특정시간 설정으로 LED 가로등을 점등 소등을 할 수 있다. 따라서 이러한 내용을 기반으로 본 논문에서는 신재생에너지 활용 및 저장기능을 이용한 교육용 모의 태양광발전 가로등 설계 및 제작을 통해 대학의 학생들에게 1) 태양광을 포함한 신재생에너지를 이용하여 전기에너지로 활용하는 에너지 변화의 흐름 이해, 2) 신재생에너지 이해 및 관련 제품의 기초설계와 제작 응용력 함양, 3) 전력변환을 통한 신재생에너지 활용과 하드웨어 제작을 통한 실습과 분석력 강화를 심어줄 수 있다.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2016

현재 대부분의 도서지역에서는 태양광발전을 효율적으로 운용하기 위하여 대용량 연축전지가 많이 사용되고 있지만, 풍력발전의 도입, 축전지 교체로 인하여 리튬이온전지의 도입이 증가하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 기존에 많이 보급되어 사용되고 있는 연축전지와 리튬이온전지의 장점을 최대한 활용하기 위하여, 연축전지와 리튬이온전지용 하이브리드 ESS의 최적 운용평가를 할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제시하였다. 상기의 알고리즘을 이용하여 시뮬레이션을 수행한 결과, 각 전지의 도입비용과 운용비용이 최소화 되는 운용조건에서 최적구성비를 산출하였다. 이에 따라 본 논문에서 제안한 하이브리드 ESS의 최적구성 알고리즘에 대한 유용성을 확인하였다.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2011

A superconductor flywheel energy storage system (SFES) is an electro-mechanical battery which transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy for storage, and vice versa. A 10 kWh class flywheel energy storage system (FESS) has been developed to evaluate the feasibility of a 35 kWh class SFES with a flywheel $I_p/I_t$ ratio larger than 1. The 10 kWh class FESS is composed of a main frame, a composite flywheel, active magnetic dampers (AMDs), a permanent magnet bearing, and a motor/generator. The flywheel of the FESS rotates at a very high speed to store energy, while being levitated by a permanent magnetic bearing and a pair of thrust AMDs. The 10 kWh class flywheel is mainly composed of a composite rotor assembly, where most of the energy is stored, two radial and two thrust AMD rotors, which dissipate vibration at critical speeds, a permanent magnet rotor, which supports most of the flywheel weight, a motor rotor, which spins the flywheel, and a central hollow shaft, where the parts are assembled and aligned to. The stators of each of the main components are assembled on to housings, which are assembled and aligned to the main frame. Many factors have been considered while designing each part of the flywheel, stator and frame. In this study, a 10 kWh class flywheel energy storage system has been designed and constructed for test operation.